First record of the genus Lissocnemis Kohl, 1907 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Pompilidae: Ctenocerinae) from Korea, with a new species and an unrecorded species Author Kim, Jeong-Kyu Author Shimizu, Akira aquilashimizu7@gmail.com Author Pitts, James P. Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322 - 5305 USA. james.pitts@usu.edu text European Journal of Taxonomy 2024 2024-08-23 947 248 267 https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2633/12117 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2633 2118-9773 13365918 D404A79E-E10C-4B42-817B-8A6A635A32AA Lissocnemis koreana Kim & Shimizu sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 62EF7F7A-5642-48CA-A8A5-E4BCB5403C01 Figs 1–3 Diagnosis The female closely resembles L. nigra in that the body and legs are almost black and FW is clouded with dark brown (photos of the holotype of L. nigra : http://n 2t .net/ark:/65665/ 34f86a418-891c-4ad3-930e-51495fc57b4a). However, they are easily distinguished by the colour of pubescence on the body. Except for the areas covered with dense whitish pubescence and setae, pubescence on the front, mesosoma and metasoma is reddish in L. koreana but whitish in L. nigra . The scape, pedicel, Fl1–2, and basal half of Fl3 dorsally have dense appressed whitish pubescence in L. koreana ( Fig. 3B ), but such pubescence is lacking or at most sparse in L. nigra . The wings are much darker in L. nigra than in L. koreana . The female and male have the hind tibia with a longitudinal groove along the upper margin of the inner brush. The male is unique in having a pair of short, oblique, linear tubercles on S4 subbasally ( Fig. 1K , red arrows). Etymology The specific epithet is derived from its type locality, Korea . Type material Holotype SOUTH KOREA • ♂ ; “San 77-9, Bongam-ri Yeomsan-myeon, Yeonggwang-gun, JN, Kr 2020.viii.30 JK Kim”, “ Holotype Lissocnemis koreana Kim et Shimizu ”; NIBR . Paratypes SOUTH KOREA • 1 ♂ ; Goseong-ri , Sindong-myeon , Jeongseon-gun, GW ; 27 Jul. 2007 ; J.K. Kim leg.; DHU • 1 ♀ ; Yesan-gun , CN; 1 Aug. 1936 ; S.W. Jeon leg.; NMNS • 1 ♀ ; Mt Gayasan , Daegok-ri , Haemi-myeon , Seosan-si, CN ; 21 Jun.–27 Jul. 2011 ; J.K. Kim leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; National Institute of Ecology , Songnae-ri , Maseo-myeon , Seocheon-gun , CN; 36°01′47.19″ N , 126°43′35.77″ E ; 16 Jun.–5 Jul. 2017 ; O.C. Kwon leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; 10–17 Aug. 2020 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 2 ♂♂ ; Sangpan-ri , Songnisan-myeon , Boeun-gun , CB; 36°01′47.19″ N , 126°43′35.77″ E ; 25 Jun.–9 Jul. 2018 ; S. Yang leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 2 ♂♂ ; Godang-ri , Unjumyeon , Wanju-gun, JB ; 36°02′.08.35″ N, 127°20′35.94″ E ; 18 Aug.–1 Sep. 2017 ; J.K. Kim leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 3 ♂♂ ; Dodeok-ri, Angye-myeon, Uiseong-gun, GB; 36°25′.49.02″ N, 128°27′35.70″ E ; 24 May–6 Jun. 2017 ; O.C. Kwon leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; NMNS • 2 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 6–21 Jun. 2017 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; Ondang-ri , Gwanggeuimyeon , Gurye-gun , JN; 35°17′17.77″ N , 127°26′40.03″ E ; 6–21 Jun. 2017 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 2 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 28 Jun.–5 Jul. 2020 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 2 ♂♂ ; Gajwa-dong , Jinju-si, GN ; 30 Jun.–7 Jul. 1987 ; J.S. Park leg.; Malaise trap ; DHU • 4 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 7–14 Jul. 1987 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 3 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 25 Aug.–1 Oct. 1987 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; 1–8 Sep. 1987 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 5 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 24–30 Jun. 1989 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; 1–8 Jul. 1989 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; 8–14 Jul. 1989 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 1 ♂ ; same data as for preceding; 26 Aug.–1 Sep. 1989 ; Malaise trap ; DHU • 2 ♂♂ ; same data as for preceding; 2–8 Sep. 1989 ; Malaise trap ; DHU . Description (features of the holotype are given in parentheses) Male MEASUREMENTS . Length: body 7.5–12.2 (12.0) mm; FW 7.0–10.0 (9.8) mm. COLOURATION . Body and appendages mostly black ( Fig. 1A ). Antenna greyish beneath. T1 below lateral crease, T2 laterally and S1–2 translucent dark reddish brown ( Fig. 1A, J ), T7 creamy. Fore tibial spur yellowish brown basally, dark brown apically; mid and hind tibial spurs dark brown. Apical half of mandible dark rufous. Wings translucent with brownish tint, iridescent depending on incident lighting angle. PUBESCENCE AND SETAE . Clypeus, lower frons, mandible basally, pronotum, pro-, meso- and metapleura, mesosternum, propodeum, coxae, lower half of tibiae, T1 and T6–7 with dense, whitish grey to sericeous pubescence, that on clypeus, lower frons, mesosoma laterally and ventrally, and coxae being long. Mesonotum, T2–5, and sterna with short, reddish-brown pubescence. T1–3 with short, whitish grey pubescence posterolaterally. Scape, pedicle, upper half of femora, tibiae, and tarsomeres with short, appressed, yellowish-brown pubescence. Upper frons, scape basoventrally, and pronotum dorsally and anterolaterally with dense, erect, brown setae. INTEGUMENTAL SCULPTURE . Upper frons ( Fig. 1C–D ), clypeus, pro-, meso- and metanota ( Fig. 1G–H ), mesopleuron, and lower metapleuron with dense punctures, these on upper frons larger than those on other parts. Metapostnotum with a few transverse striae anteriorly, several oblique striae laterally, and shallow smooth depression posteromedially ( Fig. 1H ). Upper metapleuron with fine, oblique striae and small punctures between them. Propodeum strongly punctate-rugulose medially and punctate-reticulate laterally. Metasomal terga with minute setiferous pores. HEAD . 1.1–1.2 (1.2) × as broad as high. MID 0.54–0.58 (0.54) × TFD. Vertex strongly convex above level of eye tops, chevron-shaped in frontal view ( Fig. 1C ). Frontal sulcus forming slit-like smooth line only on lower half of frons, sometimes shallowly impressed line on upper half of frons. Antennocular line inclined, supra-antennal tubercle, in dorsal view, broad trapezoid ( Fig. 1D ). Inner orbits weakly sinuous, slightly emarginate above middle, closest to each other across middle of antennal sockets, slightly divergent above and convergent below. LID 0.92–0.97 (0.97) × UID. POD:OOD:OOcD 0=1:1.1– 1.2 (1.2):1.3–1.8 (1.7). Ocellar triangle right-angled ( Fig. 1D ); anterior ocellus larger than posterior ocelli. Areas anterior to and lateral to anterior ocellus and areas lateral to posterior ocelli smooth and shallowly depressed ( Fig. 1D ). Clypeus transverse, 2.4–2.6 (2.5) × as broad as long, slightly convex medially with narrow apical rim not distinctly depressed but smooth; apical margin very slightly emarginate medially. Antenna stout ( Fig. 2B ); scape scarcely curved outward, triangularly produced apicomesially ( Fig. 1D ); scape:pedicel:Fl1:Fl2 =1.4–1.7 (1.5):0.46–0.53 (0.47):1:1.1–1.2 (1.1); Fl1 1.3–1.5 (1.5) × as long as broad; Fl11 2.7 × as long as broad, 1.3–1.4 (1.3) × as long as Fl10. Gena, in dorsal view, rather strongly receding posteriorly ( Fig. 1D ) but not thin, in profile, 0.41–0.48 (0.44) × as broad as eye medially, slightly narrower below than above. Fig. 2. Lissocnemis koreana Kim & Shimizu sp. nov. , ♂. A–C . Holotype (NIBR). D . Paratype (DHU) from Godang-ri, Unju-myeon, Wanju-gun, JB, Korea, subgenital plate and genitalia. A . Subgenital plate, ventral view. B . Genitalia, dorsal view. C . Paramere and digitus volsellaris, lateral view. D . T7 and genitalia, dorsal view. Scale bars=1 mm. Fig. 3. Lissocnemis koreana Kim & Shimizu sp. nov. , paratype, ♀ (DHU), from Mt Gayasan, Daegok-ri, Haemi-myeon, Seosan-si, CN. A . Whole body, lateral view. B . Antenna. C . Head, dorsal view. D . Head, frontal view. E . Hind pretarsus, posterior view. F . Head and mesosoma, lateral view. G . Mesosoma, dorsal view. H . Posterior part of mesosoma, dorsal view. I . Metasoma, dorsal view. J . Metasoma, ventral view. K . Apical part of metasoma, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm. MESOSOMA . Pronotum with declivity flattened, smooth, and almost vertical ( Fig. 1A ); dorsum, in dorsal view, distinctly narrowing cephalad, truncate anteriorly; posterior margin gently arcuate as a whole but angulate at middle ( Fig. 1G ). Scutellum and metanotum distinctly convex ( Fig. 1A ); metanotum depressed laterally to disc, truncate posteromedially. Metapostnotum 0.51–0.60 (0.55) × as long as metanotum at midline, its posterior margin weakly constricted both medially and in front of spiracle, with very small, smooth, triangular depression posteromedially ( Fig. 1H ). Propodeal dorsum nearly parallel-sided, gently convex, gradually merging into declivity. WINGS ( Fig. 1F ). FW discal cell 1 with faint hyaline spot subbasally; pterostigma and veins dark brown. Pterostigma 4.0–4.3 (4.2) × as long as high. Marginal cell distanced from wing tip by 0.42–0.48 (0.44) × its own length. 2 r-rs short, 0.62–0.69 (0.63) × as long as height of pterostigma. SMC2:SMC3= 1:0.64– 0.88 (0.65) on vein Rs , 1:0.92–1.1 (0.96) on vein M ; SMC2 0.52–0.58 (0.53) × as high as long, narrowed on vein Rs by 0.74–0.80 (0.77) × its own length on vein M , receiving cross-vein 1m-cu at its basal 0.50–0.56 (0.52); SMC3 × 0.68–0.73 (0.70) as high as long, narrowed on vein Rs by 0.56–0.68 (0.63) × its own length on vein M , receiving cross-vein 2m-cu at its basal 0.48–0.63 (0.51). Crossvein cu-a originating distally to point of separation of vein M + CuA by almost half of its own length, oblique to vein A . HW cross-vein cu-a originating slightly posteriorly to separation of vein M+CuA . LEGS . Mid tibia with several short spines dorsally. Hind tibia with spines dorsally, these being weaker and sparser than those on mid tibia. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.71–0.77 (0.73) × hind tarsomere 1. Hind tibial brush very narrow (nearly half of AOD) and linear throughout, its upper groove deeply impressed. Hind tarsomeres slightly compressed laterally, narrowing apically. Fore and mid tarsal claws bifid; hind tarsal claw edentate ( Fig. 1E ), acutely bent subapically, pointed at apex, a pair of claws closely set, parallel to each other or slightly divergent. METASOMA . Fusiform ( Fig. 1I ), narrower than mesosoma, its width ca 0.9 × as wide as mesosoma measured between posterior ends of mesoscutum. T1 gradually narrowing anteriorly but not petiolate; lateral crease finely impressed on basal 0.65–0.80 (0.70) of T1, slightly curved ( Fig. 1J ). SUBGENITAL PLATE AND GENITALIA ( Fig. 2 ). Subgenital plate transversely convex with short setae on entire surface and longer setae on apicolateral and apical margins ( Fig. 2A ); lateral margins subparallel in basal half and gently narrowed toward apex, apicolateral corners rounded, almost truncate apically. Paramere short ( Figs 2B–D ), not exceeding beyond apex of digitus volsellaris, wedge-shaped apically, setose except basally; digitus volsellaris club-shaped ( Fig. 2C ) but triangularly subacute apically ( Fig. 2B ), scattered with micropores, extending beyond apex of aedeagus; parapenial lobe nearly parallel-sided ( Fig. 2D ), broad and rounded apically, not extending beyond apex of aedeagus; aedeagus, in dorsal view, nearly parallel-sided ( Fig. 2D ), slightly convex in middle. Female MEASUREMENTS . Body length 14.5–16.5 mm , FW length 10.4–11.0 mm. COLOURATION . Body and legs mostly black ( Fig. 3A ). Ventral faces of Fl3–10 reddish brown ( Fig. 3B ). Inner side of hind tibia except apically, tarsomere 5, and all tarsal claws reddish brown; outer side of hind tibia dark rufous; tibial spurs dark brown. FW clouded with brown, iridescent on incident lighting angle; pterostigma and veins dark brown; discoidal cell 1 with ill-defined clear spot subbasally. HW transparent with brownish tint. PUBESCENCE AND SETAE . Body and appendages with short, dense, appressed pubescence, these being mostly coppery ( Fig. 3C–D, F, I ), silvery white on clypeus apicolaterally ( Fig. 3D ), scape mesially ( Fig. 3B ), pedicel, Fl1–2, basal half of Fl3 anteriorly, mandible basally, propleuron ( Fig. 3F ), lower mesopleuron except anterodorsally and posterodorsally, mesosternum, lower metapleuron posteroventrally, propodeum anteromedially and posterolaterally ( Fig. 3H ), coxae ( Fig. 3F ), trochanters, femora except dorsally, tibiae laterally, T1–4 apically (forming narrow apical bands with mesial interruptions; Fig. 3I ), T5 medially ( Fig. 3I ), T6 dorsally ( Fig. 3K ), S1, S2–3 anteriorly, medially and posteriorly ( Fig. 3J ), and S4–5 medially. Setae on body mostly short and scarce; vertex, clypeus apically, labrum, mandible, pronotum, T6 laterally, and metasomal sterna with fine, pale brown setae, these on labrum, mandible, T6, and S6 being comparatively long; propleuron, meso- and metapleura ventrally, propodeum laterally ( Fig. 3H ), coxae, trochanters, and femora ventrally with short, sparse, erect, silvery white setae. INTEGUMENTAL SCULPTURE . Vertex, frons, clypeus, pro-, meso- and metanota, meso- and metapleura with minute, dense punctures, together with larger, sparser, and irregularly spaced punctures. Side of metanotum with several oblique striae. Metapostnotum with a few transverse striae and median depression. Propodeal dorsum with median groove and reticulate rugulae, these being stronger and coarser posteriorly than anteriorly; declivity granulate medially, arcuately striate laterally. HEAD . 1.2× as broad as high in frontal view ( Fig. 3D ); MID 0.55 × TFD. Vertex moderately convex above level of eye tops.Antennocular line strongly convex between eyes ( Fig. 3C ). Lower half of frons protruded anteriorly ( Fig. 3F ); frontal sulcus distinct, forming smooth line in its lower half, feebly impressed and more broadened in its upper part ( Fig. 3D ). Inner orbits slightly emarginate above middle, slightly divergent below ( Fig. 3D ). LID 1.2–1.3 × UID. Lower frons immediately lateral to antennal socket with linear furrow, that being deeper and broader than frontal sulcus. Ocellar triangle right-angled, slightly raised; anterior ocellus larger than posterior ocelli; POD:OOD:OOcD=1:0.78–0.94:1.7–2.1. Clypeus transverse, slightly broader than LID, 2.6–2.9 × as broad as long, convex medially; apical rim broader medially than laterally, very slightly depressed, subpolished with fine transverse striae; apicolateral corner broadly rounded; apical margin barely convex medially. Labrum gently and arcuately convex apically. Scape barely curved outward ( Fig. 3B ); scape:pedicel:Fl1:Fl2= 0.73–0.89:0.20–0.25:1:1.1; Fl1 3.7 × as long as broad, almost as long as UID; Fl11 3.8–3.9 × as long as broad, 1.3–1.4 × as long as Fl10. Gena, in dorsal view, rather strongly receding posteriorly, thinner than in male ( Fig. 3C ), in profile, 0.27–0.30 × as broad as eye medially, broader below than above ( Fig. 3F ). MESOSOMA . Pronotal dorsum declivous, truncate anteriorly; declivity almost vertical ( Fig. 3F ); lateral margins barely convex posteriorly, gradually converging anteriorly ( Fig. 3G ); posterior margin deeply arcuate, very weakly subangulate at middle ( Fig. 3G ). Mesoscutum raised posterolaterally with parapsidal sulci divergent anteriorly, deeply impressed posteriorly ( Fig. 3G ). Disc of scutellum slightly raised above level of mesoscutum. Metanotum lateral to disc depressed, steeply declined posteromedially. Metapostnotum 0.24–0.27 × as long as metanotum at midline ( Fig. 3H ). Propodeum with lateral margins slightly arcuate ( Fig. 3H ); dorsum transversely convex, not delimited from declivity ( Fig. 3F, H ); declivity rather flattened. WINGS . Marginal cell distanced from wing tip by half of its own length. SMC2:SMC3=1:0.78–0.89 on vein Rs , 1:1.0–1.1 on vein M . SMC2 0.58–0.73 × as high as broad, narrowed on vein Rs by 0.71–0.84 × its own length on vein M , receiving cross-vein 1m-cu at its basal 0.41–0.43. SMC3 0.55–0.63 × as high as long, narrowed on vein Rs by 0.60–0.63 × its own length on vein M , receiving cross-vein 2m-cu in its basal 0.39–0.45, distanced from outer wing margin by 1.4–1.5 × its own length. Cross-vein 2rs-m straight. Second abscissa of vein M (lower part of basal vein) distinctly curved. Cross-vein 2m-cu curved outward. Cross-vein cu-a originating distally to fork of vein M+CuA by its own length, oblique but bent posteriorly, meeting vein A perpendicularly. HW cross-vein rs-m slightly sinuate, nearly vertical to vein M . Cross-vein cu-a originating slightly anteriorly to or at separation of vein M+CuA . LEGS . Fore tarsomere 1 longer than fore tarsomeres 2–4 combined. Mid and hind tibiae with several short spines laterally and dorsally; apical spines of hind tibia few and short, not splayed out. Longer spur of hind tibia 0.59–0.63 × as long as hind tarsomere 1. Tarsal claws bifid ( Fig. 3E ). METASOMA . Its width at posterior ends of T2 1.2 × as broad as mesosoma at posterior ends of pronotum. T1 very shortly petiolate ( Fig. 3G ). Distribution South Korea . Remark A pair of subbasal tubercles on S4 are concealed by S 3 in the holotype and several male paratypes .