A proposal towards classification of the Raspy Crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Gryllacrididae) with zoogeographical comments: An initial contribution to the higher classification of the Gryllacridines Author Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J. text Zootaxa 2019 4605 1 1 100 journal article 26811 10.11646/zootaxa.4605.1.1 3ebee944-1e6e-45d8-bba7-986581409c12 1175-5326 2860485 AB5FDA5F-BB38-4C7F-8604-2C87C848F901 Family Gryllacrididae Blanchard, 1845 Diagnosis: Size small to large ( 5–50 mm . aprox.). Slender or stout body ( Figs. 3 and 4 ); antennae significanly longer than body length; antennal space 1.5 to three times as wide as the antennal scape; eyes ovoid, ocelli with diverse degrees of development, lateral ocelli usually present; central ocellum can be present or not; if present, of varying degrees of development and color ( Figs. 5 and 6 ). Wing development variable (wingless, subapterous, brachypterous and macropterous) ( Figs. 3 and 4 ). If wings are present, tegmina and hind wings membranous (tegminal stridulation absent, femoro-abdominal stridulation does occur in some species) ( Fig. 7 ); tarsi of all legs soft and depressed ( Figs. 8–10 ), mid and fore tibiae with spines, varying in size from little developed to prominent, fore tibiae hearing organs absent ( Figs. 11 and 12 ). Male terminalia with several structural variations, in the tenth tergite, epiproctus, cerci and subgenital plate ( Figs. 16–19 ). Ovipositor elongated and with varying degrees of curvature. Taxa included: Subfamilies Hyperbaeninae n. subf. and Gryllacridinae n. sensu . Comments: Subfamily Lezininae is back to the family Anostostomatidae , such as Gorochov (2001 a), proposed, as it has characters which associate it more to that family than with Gryllacrididae , such as the presence of tympani in the first pair of tibiae and the outer side of hind femora with only traces of chevron ridges. Chevrons are one of the synapomorphic characters that define anostostomatides and which is absent in gryllacridines, as are the tympani on fore tibiae. Genera established by Karny (1937) were delimited mostly by similarities (and differences) on wing venation ( Rentz & John, 1990 ; Hale & Rentz, 2001 , Ingrisch, 2018 ), which gave rise to a large number of genera with no grouping whatsoever and with affiliation problems even within genera. So, several species of a genus can be grouped in other genera and other genera could be synonyms of others. Genera not grouped here are so because there is no information about the species in them contained. Once this information becomes available, their location and validity would be established. The following classification was based on the characters of type species of genera and of the greater possible number of species within them. During this review, it was evident that several genera need to be reviewed and redelimited, and that consistent morphological characters for determination must be established. For now, the characters suggested by Rentz & John (1990) and Ingrisch (2018) , are proposed, including terminalia, which can supply a better delimitation of species and genera. Two subfamilies and ten tribes are suggested below, which are described without the characters previously mentioned in the family diagnosis, besides a key to the separation of the taxa of the classification is hereby proposed.