Sponges associated with octocorals in the Indo-Pacific, with the description of four new species
Author
Calcinai, Barbara
Author
Bavestrello, Giorgio
Author
Bertolino, Marco
Author
Pica, Daniela
Author
Wagner, Daniel
Author
Cerrano, Carlo
text
Zootaxa
2013
3617
1
1
61
journal article
39041
10.11646/zootaxa.3617.1.1
6174b35e-3228-4d50-a6ed-844e244f8b64
1175-5326
248150
4DCCD152-65DA-44A3-AB19-59811384E1E7
Genus
Gelliodes
Ridley, 1884
Gelliodes hamata
Thiele, 1903
(
Fig. 33
A–I)
Examined material. Sample Bugor Onong:
Indonesia
, North Sulawesi, Siladen
Island
, Siladen Onong,
28 m
,
27 January 2007
.
Description. The sponge covers about
7 cm
of the colony of
Paratelesto rosea
, starting from the basal stolons (
Fig. 33
A); the rest of the colony is covered by
Mycale (Aegogropila) furcata
n. sp.
Surface microhispid. In ethanol the sponge is purple with whitish shadings (
Fig. 33
A, B).
Skeleton. The ectosomal skeleton consists of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres containing single oxeas (
Fig. 33
C, D) and scattered sigmas. The choanosomal skeleton is similar to the ectosome but more irregular (
Fig. 33
E, F). Ascending fibres of the choanosome pierce the surface making it slightly shaggy (
Fig. 33
D).
Spicules. Oxeas in a single size class (
Fig. 33
G), 200 – (265.3 ± 35.2) – 305
x 2
– (7 ± 3.8) – 12.5 μm.
Sigmas of two kinds: sigmas I flabellate (
Fig. 33
H), 95 – (112.5 ± 9.5) – 125 μm; sigmas II (
Fig.
33
I), 17.5 – (25.3 ± 4.3) – 30 μm.
FIGURE 33.
Gelliodes
hamata
Thiele, 1903
. A, Sponge covering the basal stolons of
Paratelesto rosea
; B. Close up of the sponge; C–D, Ectosomal skeleton of an irregular, tangential network of spongin fibres; E–F, Choanosomal skeleton formed by irregular network of spongin fibres; G, Oxea; H, Flabellate sigma I; I, Sigma II.
Distribution and remarks.
Indonesia
. This is the second record of the species in
Indonesia
since its first description. Flabellate sigmas are also present in
Gelliodes flagellifera
Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976
. The latter and
G. h a m a t a
are very similar in terms of spicule complement and dimensions, and both can incorporate sand grains and foreign material. In
G. flagellifera
oxeas are 250 – 300 x 7.5 – 10 μm, sigmas flabellate are 100 – 120 x 1.2 – 2 μm and regular sigmas are
30 – 40 x
1.2 – 2 μm (
Vacelet et al. 1976
).
Vacelet et al. (1976)
reported
G. flagellifera
from
Madagascar
(as
Gelliodes flagellifer
(
Ridley & Dendy, 1886
)
, originally described by Ridley &
Dendy
as
Gellius flagellifer
). According to van
Soest et al. (2011)
, to date Ridley & Dendy’s species is considerd as
Haliclona (Gellius) flagellifera
and the specimen of
Vacelet et al. (1976)
is elevated to specific status (as
Gelliodes flagellifera
). As consequence of the previous considerations
G. flagellifera
Vacelet et al. 1976
is likely a junior synonym of
G. hamata
Thiele.