A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia
Author
Zonstein, Sergei L.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:EADD3607-30FF-49AE-93F5-8410630469BE
Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
znn@tauex.tau.ac.il
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2024
2024-10-24
967
1
185
https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2699/12459
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699
2118-9773
13990819
C08B8027-50CC-417E-BCD4-5183B9FF6738
Raveniola zyuzini
sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
B61B579D-3D60-4EF1-A77D-5F7285F6356D
Figs 18
,
53
,
73–74
,
100
,
127
,
155
,
185
,
219
,
246
,
277
,
337–339
,
368–369
,
436–438
,
475–477
,
532–533
,
595–596
, 711–714, 755
Diagnosis
Raveniola zyuzini
sp. nov.
differs from other members of the same species group by having a darker brownish orange carapace and legs (vs considerably paler brownish or yellowish orange ones –
Figs 18
,
53
cf.
Figs 15–17
,
50–52
). Unlike males of
R
.
diluta
sp. nov.
and
R
.
fedotovi
, possessing a raised embolic keel, males of
R
.
zyuzini
either entirely lack this structure or possess only a low vestige of the keel; the new species differs from
R
.
pallens
sp. nov.
in having a longer proximal section of the embolus (
Figs 236–238
cf.
Figs 234, 235
). Females of
R
.
zyuzini
are distinguishable due to their weakly sclerotized spermathecal trunks, carrying fusiform outer branches (vs differently conformed spermathecae in other species of the group;
Figs 532–533
cf.
Figs 526–531
).
Etymology
The specific epithet is given in honour and memory of Dr. Alexei Zyuzin (1951–2021), noting his significant contribution to the taxonomical and faunistic study of Central Asian spiders.
Material examined
Holotype
UZBEKISTAN
•
♂
;
Babatag Mts
, environs of
Chorroha
(Chorraga)
Pass
,
10.4 km
ENE of Mt Zarkassa
;
38°04.0′ N
,
68°13.5′ E
;
1400 m
a.s.l.
;
15 Apr. 1990
;
S. Zonstein
leg;
SMNH
.
Paratypes
(
8 ♂♂
,
4 ♀♀
)
UZBEKISTAN
•
1 ♂
; same collection data as for holotype;
SMNH
•
2 ♂♂
,
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
12 Apr. 1989
;
SMNH
•
1 ♂
; same collection data as for preceding, northern slope of
Mt Zarkassa
;
38°02.0′ N
,
68°11.7′ E
;
1900 m
a.s.l.
;
20 Apr. 2019
;
S. Zonstein
leg.;
SMNH
•
4 ♂♂
,
3 ♀♀
; same collection data as for preceding, eastern slope of
Mt Zarkassa
;
1300–1800 m
a.s.l.
;
26 Apr. 1994
; S.
V
.
Ovchinnikov
leg.;
SMNH
.
Description
Male
(
holotype
)
HABITUS
. See
Fig. 18.
MEASUREMENTS
. TBL 12.20, CL 5.14, CW 4.32, LL 0.41, LW 0.86, SL 2.57, SW 2.26.
COLOUR
. Carapace, as well as most palp and leg segments medium brownish orange; leg I slightly darker than other legs; eye tubercle blackish brown; chelicerae medium reddish brown; sternum, labium, maxillae, metatarsi and tarsi II–IV light yellowish orange; abdomen and spinnerets very pale yellowish brown, dorsal abdominal pattern indiscernible.
CEPHALOTHORAX
. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in
Fig. 100
. Clypeus and eye group as in
Fig. 155
. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12(0.18), ALE 0.20, PLE 0.14, PME 0.13; AME–AME 0.12(0.06), ALE–AME 0.08(0.05), ALE–PLE 0.05, PLE–PME 0.03, PME–PME 0.31. Anterior cheliceral edge with unmodified setae; rastellum not developed. Each cheliceral furrow with 10 promarginal teeth and 3 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in
Fig. 219
. Maxillae with 8 cuspules each.
LEGS
. Tibia and metatarsus I as in
Fig. 277
. Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on tarsus I; narrowly divided by setae on tarsus II; absent on tarsi III and IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8–10 each on tibiae, 16–18 on metatarsi, 13–14 on tarsi, 10 on cymbium. PTC I–II and III–IV with 8–9 and 9–10 teeth on each margin.
SPINATION
. Palp: femur d5, pd2, rd1; patella pd1; tibia d3, p3, r3, v7; cymbium d5(4). Leg I: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p1; tibia p2, pv2, r1(0), rv2+2M; metatarsus v1. Leg II: femur d4, pd3, rd 2(1); patella p1; tibia p3, v7; metatarsus p1, v6. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd3; patella p2, r2; tibia d2, p3, r3, v6; metatarsus d3, p3, r4, v7. Leg IV: femur d4, pd3, rd3(2); patella p1, r2; tibia d2, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus d2, p3, r3, v9. Tarsi I–IV aspinose.
PALP
. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in
Fig. 368
. Embolus with long, slightly tapering proximal section, provided with low rounded keel, and with short curved apex (
Fig. 436
).
SPINNERETS
. See
Fig. 595
. PLS: maximal diameter 0.34; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.78, 0.39, 0.34, respectively; total length 1.51; apical segment triangular.
LEG
MEASUREMENTS
. ♂(♀)
|
Femur
|
Patella
|
Tibia
|
Metatarsus
|
Tarsus
|
Total
|
| Palp |
2.73 (2.42) |
1.59 (1.57) |
2.29 (1.85) |
– |
0.83 (1.63) |
7.44 (7.47) |
| Leg I |
4.51 (3.46) |
2.60 (2.21) |
3.57 (2.74) |
3.62 (2.30) |
2.22 (1.57) |
16.52 (12.28) |
| Leg II |
4.22 (3.28) |
2.37 (1.98) |
3.37 (2.40) |
3.34 (2.28) |
2.10 (1.55) |
15.40 (11.49) |
| Leg III |
3.63 (2.92) |
1.96 (1.61) |
2.78 (2.16) |
3.75 (2.97) |
2.09 (1.57) |
14.21 (11.23) |
| Leg IV |
4.72 (3.82) |
2.24 (1.99) |
3.71 (3.31) |
5.38 (4.27) |
2.43 (1.57) |
18.29 (14.96) |
Female
(
paratype
)
HABITUS
. See
Fig. 53.
MEASUREMENTS
. TBL 13.00, CL 4.42, CW 3.73, LL 0.36, LW 0.87, SL 2.12, SW 2.01.
COLOUR
. In general as in male, but legs more uniformly coloured, without difference between legs I and II–IV.
CEPHALOTHORAX
. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in
Fig. 127
. Clypeus and eye group as in
Fig. 185
. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.10(0.14), ALE 0.21, PLE 0.12, PME 0.11; AME–AME 0.12(0.08), ALE–AME 0.09(0.07), ALE–PLE 0.05, PLE–PME 0.03, PME–PME 0.33. Cheliceral rastellum absent. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 3–4 mesobasal denticles. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in
Fig. 246
. Maxillae with 10–11 cuspules each.
LEGS
. Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on palpal tarsus and tarsus I; narrowly divided by setae on tarsus II; absent on tarsi III and IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–10 each on tibiae, 13–14 on metatarsi, 11–13 on tarsi, 9–10 on palpal tarsus. Palpal claw with 4 promarginal teeth. PTC I–II and III–IV with 7–8 and 5–8 teeth on each margin, respectively.
SPINATION
. Palp: femur d3, pd1; patella p1; tibia v7; tarsus v2(1). Leg I: femur d4, pd1; tibia v7; metatarsus v6(5). Leg II: femur d4, pd1; tibia p2, v7; metatarsus p1, v6. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p1; tibia d1, p2, r2, v7; metatarsus d2, p3, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur d4, pd2(1), rd1; patella p1, r1; tibia d1, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus d1, p4, r4, v7. Patellae I–II and tarsi I–IV aspinose.
SPERMATHECAE
. Each of paired spermathecae with wide cone-shaped trunk and short fusiform outer branch diverging from medium part of spermathecal trunk (
Figs 532–533
).
SPINNERETS
. See
Fig. 596
. PMS: absent. PLS: maximal diameter 0.59; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.68, 0.52, 0.47; total length 1.67; apical segment triangular.
Variation
Carapace length in males (n=7) varies from 3.80 to 5.19, in females (n =4) from 3.44 to 5.32. Within the
type
series, a few insignificant variations in the habitus and colouration are shown in
Figs 73–74
. For some structural details of the tarsal organ and trichobothria, see
Figs 377–379
. The most common conformation of the copulatory bulb, lacking the keel, is similar to that shown in
Figs 475–477
. The less distributed variant of the bulb, provided with a rudimentary keel, is shown in
Figs 369
,
437–438
.
Ecology
All spiders were found under stones in open park woodland composed of low deciduous trees (
Acer
spp.
,
Crataegus
spp.
, etc.) at
1300–1600 m
a.s.l. and in sparse mixed forest biotopes dominated by
Juniperus seravschanica
at
1600–1900 m
a.s.l. See
Figs 711–714
.
Distribution
Known only from the
type
locality. See
Fig. 755
.