A new genus of flea beetles from the Greater Antilles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Author
Konstantinov, Alexander S.
text
Zootaxa
2002
2002-12-20
124
1
24
journal article
http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4620248
168263aa-ebba-4ca8-911a-f4cb9e119aea
11755326
4620248
004E590F-5359-4833-B050-1829A4E09E18
Normaltica
new genus
(
Figs.
177
)
Description.
Body of medium size, length
1.942.59 mm
, oval, relatively convex in lateral view. Color black, brown or dark brown, with or without metallic luster, appendages paler. Eight apical antennomeres vary in color.
Head (
Figs.
14
) nearly hypognathous, flat in lateral view. Frons and vertex form nearly straight or slightly convex line (
Fig.
4
) in lateral view. Vertex smooth. Supraorbital pore single, well developed, protruding dorsally, surrounded by shallow grove nearly equally deep all around pore. Antennal callus variously developed, if developed nearly trapezoidal,
1.45
times as wide as long. Midfrontal sulcus poorly developed. Suprafrontal sulcus well developed. Supraorbital and orbital sulci well developed, deep. Supracallinal sulci variable. Subgenal suture well developed along base of mandible. Orbit wide,
1.7
times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Interantennal space
0.8
times as wide as transverse diameter of eye and
1.54
times as wide as transverse diameter of antennal socket. Frontal ridge wide. Anterofrontal ridges variable in height, poorly developed, not separated from frontal ridge. Labrum (
Figs. 12, 13
) with six setiferous pores and two sensilla medially. Apical margin with seven short sensilla on each side. Torma relatively short. Mandible (
Figs. 7, 8
) with four denticles. Labium with three palpomeres per palpus, second palpomere longest. Maxilla with galea slightly wider than lacinia (
Figs. 16, 17
). Sensilla patch of last maxillary palpomere longer than wide, consisting of four imbedded sensilla (
Fig.
18
). Antenna clavate (
Figs.
911
), club with six antennomeres.
Pronotum (
Figs.
1924
)
1.67 to 1.95
times wider than long, without impressions, side weakly rounded and relatively widely explanated. Lateral sides not parallel to each other, converging gradually at apical twothirds. Anterolateral callosity unusually long, with pore situated nearly in middle of lateral margin. Posterolateral callosity not protruding. Anterior coxal cavity open. Intercoxal prosternal process wide, in middle from
1.40 to 1.76
times as wide as long, nearly parallel sided or narrowing apically with apex slightly concave, not projecting beyond coxa. Distance between proximal margin of prosternum to coxal cavity
0.23
times as long as distance from proximal margin of prosternum to end of intercoxal prosternal process (
Fig.
24
). Proendosternites relatively short, facing each other, slightly rounded on top (
Fig.
20
).
FIGURES 1—4.
Head of
Normaltica obrieni
. 1, 2, 4, female. 3, male.
FIGURES 5—8.
Details of
Normaltica
. 5, 6,
Normaltica obrieni
. 5, female. 6, male. 7, 8,
Normaltica iviei
mandibles.
Mesonotum weakly developed, membranous with postmedial projection attached to lateral side of metanotum and prealar projection attached to mesepisternum (
Fig.
29
).
Mesoscutellum flat, broadly triangular. Longitudinal diameter of mesocoxal cavity
2.28
times as long as mesosternum above mesocoxal cavity. Mesepimeron and mesepisternum forming outer side of mesocoxal cavity. Mesosternal intercoxal process nearly as wide as prosternal intercoxal process, slightly concave on top. Mesendosternite wide at base, narrowing apically, not connecting with mesepisternomeral ridge (
Fig.
25
).
FIGURES 9—11.
Antennae of
Normaltica
. 9, 10,
Normaltica obrieni
. 11,
Normaltica iviei
.
FIGURES 12 —15.
Mouth parts of
Normaltica iviei
. 12, 13, labrum. 14, 15, labium.12, 14, ventral side. 13, 15, dorsal side.
FIGURES 16—18.
Maxillae of
Normaltica
. 16, 17,
Normaltica
iviei
. 18, apical maxillary palpomere of
Normaltica
obrieni
.
FIGURES 19—24.
Prothorax of
Normaltica
. 19—22,
Normaltica
iviei
. 23, 24,
Normaltica
obrieni
.
Metanotum fully developed in
N. obrieni
and simplified in
N. iviei
, allocrista situated nearly in middle of notum. Metasternum longer than mesosternum in
N. obrieni
and shorter than mesosternum in
N. iviei
. Metendosternite with stalk nearly as wide as long (
Fig.
28
).
Normaltica obrieni
with robust arms and full set of ridges;
N. iviei
with arms long and thin, stalk lacking most ridges (
Fig.
25
).
Elytron (
Figs.
31
42
,
57,
58
) with maximum width near mid length. Humeral callus well to poorly developed. Elytral apex narrowly rounded, surrounded by distinct border. Epipleura nearly horizontal, reaching almost to sutural margin of elytron. Lateral margin of elytron delimiting epipleura dorsolaterally, continuing along apical margin of elytron. Elytral lock mechanism asymmetrical near base and symmetrical apically (
Figs.
3033
).
Lock of left elytron with longitudinal groove dorsally, bordered by ridge ventrally. Right elytron with ridge dorsally and groove ventrally, so ridge of right elytron locks with groove of left elytron at base. Further apically, ridge of right elytron migrating ventrally, gradually opening groove slightly narrower but otherwise nearly identical to one of left elytron. Elytron with two sensilla patches (
Figs.
3440
) near middle, basal patch larger than medial patch. Sensilla on periphery of basal patch sharktoothshaped, facing toward middle of patch and away from patch on posterior side of it; medial patch lacks sharktoothshaped sensilla. Sensilla medial to sharktooth sensilla wide arrowheadshaped, in basal patch facing toward middle, in medial patch facing away from middle. Sensilla occupying centers of all patches stumpshaped, facing middle of patch in basal patch and laterally in medial patch. Elytral apex with sensilla stripes along apex and suture (
Figs. 41, 42
).
Wings greatly variable. In
N. obrieni
,
wings with full set of veins including two sclerites between radial cell and RPmp
2
. In
N. iviei
, wing of full length but very narrow with apical part lacking veins and surrounded by long setae. Basal part with only radial and median bars (
Figs. 53, 54
).
Pro and mesotibiae without apical spine. First protarsomere in male wider than in female. Metafemur robust, with two small humps on anterior and posterior margins (
Figs. 43
,
50
). Metatibia (
Figs.
4352
) slightly curved in dorsal and lateral views, nearly cylindrical, apical
1
/
6
slightly flattened, without callosity in lateral view. Apical spur shorter than tarsal claw. Metatibia
5
times as long as first metatarsomere. Latter triangular, ventral side flat, covered with long and thin setae of same shape as on dorsal side. Second metatarsomere smaller than first and third, triangular with setae similar to those of first. Third metatarsomere entire. Setae on ventral side of third metatarsomere, abruptly widening at apex, with few microtrichia (
Figs.
4448
). Claw appendiculate (
Figs. 47, 48
).
Abdomen with five distinct sternites (
Figs. 60
,
66
,
72
). Apical sternite as long as three preceding sternites together, without appendages basally. Apical tergite of female nearly triangular, unevenly covered with long setae, with lightly sclerotized area in middle (
Figs. 61
,
67
,
73
).
Spermatheca (
Figs. 62
,
69
,
75
) with receptacle variable in length. Pump with long vertical part. Duct without abrupt border with receptacle, without coils. Sclerotized part between duct and gland long. Tignum (
Figs. 65
,
70
,
76
) straight, widening anteriorly, with two sclerotized hook shaped structures posteriorly. Vaginal palpus (
Figs. 64
,
71
,
77
) robust, wide posteriorly, abruptly narrowing anteriorly.
Median lobe of aedeagus (
Figs. 55, 56
) relatively robust, simple in shape, slightly convex in lateral view, without any sculpture ventrally, without membranous window.
Type
species.
Normaltica obrieni
sp. nov.
Etymology.
This genus is named after Norman Woodley, who collected male and female of the
type
species of the genus. The name is feminine.
FIGURES 25—29.
Thoracic structures of
Normaltica
. 25, 26, 29,
Normaltica
iviei
. 27, 28,
Normaltica
obrieni
. 25, mesoand metathorax, view of internal structures. 26, 27, ventral view of meso and metasterna. 28, metendosternite. 29, lateral view of mesoand metathorax. Abbreviations: alr = allocrista, alv = anterior part of longitudinal ventral process, amt = furcal arm, atv = anterior part of transverse ventral process, mest = mesosternum, msc = mesocoxal cavity, msds = mesendosternite, msm = mesepimeron, msst = mesepisternum, mtn = metanotum, mts = metepisternum, mtco = metacoxa, mtst = metasternum, plv = posterior part of longitudinal ventral process, pmp = postmedial projection, pp = prealar projection, ptv = posterior part of transverse ventral process, scg = scutellar groove, sctm = mesoscutellum, stmt = furcal stalk, tmt = tendons of meso metafurcal muscles.
Discussion.
Normaltica
can be easily separated from all New World flea beetles based on the clavate antennae.
Normaltica
is the only known flea beetle genus one species of which species possesses a particular kind of sexual dimorphism in which the male has a greatly enlarged head and long labrum and mandibles. This kind of sexual dimorphism is known in some other leaf beetles, for example
Clytrini
(
Labidostomis
Germar
,
Coptocephala
Lacordaire
, etc.), but not in other flea beetles. Males of
Chaloenus
Westwood
have the facial part of their head longer, but their mouthparts seem no longer than those of females.
Based on the lack of the impressions on the pronotum and the dilation on the posterior part of the pronotum,
Normaltica
keys together with
Pseudodibolia
Jacoby
in Scherer’s (
1983
) key to Neotropical flea beetle genera. Besides having clavate antennae,
Normaltica
can be easily distinguished from that genus based on the lack of a denticle on the hind tibia, having six setiferous pores on the labrum, and having strongly developed supraantennal and supraorbital sulci.
Normaltica
is also similar to
Monotalla
Bechyne. This
genus was synonymized by
Scherer (
1983
)
with
Pseudodibolia
, but later removed from synonymy (
Savini and Furth
2001
).
Normaltica
can be separated from
Monotalla
by its
11
segmented antennae (they are
10
segmented in
Monotalla
), lack of the prebasal transverse impression on the pronotum, tiny metatibial spur, and the lack of denticles on the dorsal side of the metatibia.
The two species of
Normaltica
provide an opportunity to understand some of the consequences of wing reduction in flea beetles. Comparison of the fully winged specimens of
N. obrieni
with specimens of
N. iviei
with significantly reduced wings indicates noticeable differences in thoracic structures, particularly in the meso and metathorax (
Figs. 25, 29
). In
N. iviei
, the meso and metanota have lost most of the ridges, leaving only allocrypta on the metanotum. Although the length of the mesosternum in
N. obrieni
and
N. iviei
is essentially the same, the length of the metasternum in
N. iviei
is significantly shorter (
Figs. 26, 27
). Among internal structures, the metendosternite in
N. iviei
(
Fig.
25
) is also much simplified; it lacks most of the ridges and its stalk is much shorter than in
N. obrieni
(
Fig.
28
).