Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) associated with avocado crop, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) in Valle del Cauca and neighboring departments of Colombia Author Kondo, Takumasa Author Muñoz, Jazmín Adriana text Insecta Mundi 2016 2016-01-22 2016 465 1 24 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.4645809 1942-1354 4645809 D87176BB-292D-4A7C-B106-EEC015A66561 Ceroplastes rubens Maskell ( Fig. 1D ) Material studied. Colombia . Valle del Cauca : Alcalá : Finca La Porra , 04°40 ′ 13.1 ″ N , 75°44 ′ 34.3 ″ W , 1395 m , 10.xi.2008 , coll. A. Arias , ex avocado ‘ Booth 8’, 1 ( UVCO ), 3 ( MECP ) ; Same data except cv. ‘ Booth 7’, 1 ( UVCO ) ; same data except coll. J. Muñoz , ex avocado cv. ‘ Papelillo’ (‘ Lorena’ ), 1 ( UVCO ) ; Finca Los Alpes , 04°42 ′ 24.8 ″ N , 75°49 ′ 01.0 ″ W , 1194 m , 02.xii.2008 , coll. A. Arias , J. Muñoz , 1 ( UVCO ), 3 ( MECP ) ; Finca Los Alpes , 04°17 ′ 56.0 ″ N , 75°53 ′ 00.0 ″ W , 1376 m , 28.x.2008 , coll. A. Arias , ex avocado cv. ‘ Booth 8’, 1 ( UVCO ) ; Same data, except coll. J. Muñoz , ex avocado cv. ‘ Papelillo’ (‘ Lorena’ ), 1 ( MECP ) ; Finca Villa del Sol , 04°42 ′ 06.1 ″ N , 75°50 ′ 00.5 ″ W , 1215 m , 02.xii.2009 , coll. A. Arias , J. Muñoz , ex avocado cv. ‘ Booth 8’, 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) ; Same data, except avocado cv. ‘ Trinidad’ , 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) ; Finca La Pastora , 04°39 ′ 41.6 ″ N , 75°47 ′ 46.6 ″ W , 1240 m , 27.iv.2009 , coll. A. Arias , T. Kondo , J. Muñoz , 2 ( UVCO ), 3 ( MECP ) ; Finca La Esmeralda , 04°39 ′ 58.4 ″ N , 75°48 ′ 27.4 ″ W , 1223 m , 02.xii.2009 , coll. J. Muñoz , 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) ; Caicedonia : Finca Corinto , 04°17 ′ 04.2 ″ N , 75°51 ′ 53.9 ″ W , 1650 m , 20.iv.2009 , coll. A. Arias , T. Kondo , J. Muñoz , 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) ; Finca Las Margaritas , 04°17 ′ 37.1 ″ N , 75°53 ′ 18.0 ″ W , 1352 m , 26.v.2009 , coll. J. Muñoz , ex avocado cv. ‘ Booth’ , 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) ; same data except coll. avocado cv. ‘ Papelillo’ (‘ Lorena’ ) ; Palmira : Rozo , Finca Brasil , 03°36 ′ 36.0 ″ N , 76°25 ′ 08.5 ″ W , 967 m , 10.xii.2008 , coll. A. Arias , 2 ( UVCO ), 3 ( MECP ) ; Same data except 19.xii.2008 , coll. J. Muñoz , 1 ( UVCO ) ; Ulloa : Finca La Catalina , 04°41 ′ 38.8 ″ N , 75°45 ′ 10.4 ″ W , 1301 m , 04.v.2009 , coll., T. Kondo , ex avocado cv. ‘ Papelillo’ (‘ Lorena’ ), 1 ( UVCO ), 2 ( MECP ) . Distribution. Afrotropical: Kenya , Reunion, Seychelles , South Africa , Tanzania , Zanzibar . Australasian: Australia , Cook Islands , Fiji , French Polynesia (Tahiti), Guam , Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii), Indonesia ( Java ), Kiribati ; New Caledonia , Norfolk Island , Northern Mariana Islands , Palau ; Papua New Guinea , Solomon Islands , Vanuatu , Western Samoa . Nearctic: USA . Neotropical: Colombia , Guadeloupe, Haiti , Martinique, Puerto Rico . Oriental: China , India , Malaysia , Maldives , Philippines , Ryukyu Islands, Sri Lanka , Taiwan , Vietnam . Palaearctic: China , Egypt , Hungary , Japan , South Korea ( Ben-Dov et al. 2015 ). Remarks. We found the red wax scale, C. rubens on the upper surface of leaves of ‘Booth 7’, ‘Booth 8’, ‘Choquette’, ‘Lorena’ and ‘Trinidad’ cultivars. This species was recorded for the first time in Colombia on leaves of the ornamental plants Philodendron sp. and Aglaonema sp. ( Araliaceae ) (Kondo 2008).