Reduction of Cirsium fangii (Asteraceae, Cardueae) to the synonymy of C. leo and description of a new species, C. sichuanense, from Sichuan, China Author Jin, Zi-Chao 0000-0003-3904-7570 Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. & 1174165700 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3904 - 7570 1174165700@qq.com Author Chen, You-Sheng 0000-0002-7729-1075 Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. & yschen @ scbg. ac. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7729 - 1075 yschen@scbg.ac.cn text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-12-20 576 2 158 172 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.2 journal article 53323 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.2.2 8791da8e-b350-4417-9ea3-c95e6d03eceb 1179-3163 7461228 1. Cirsium leo Nakai & Kitagawa (1934: 60) . Figs. 1–4 , 9 Type :— China . Jehol (now Hebei province ), Xinglong county , Wuling Shan , 2 September 1933 , T . Nakai et al. s.n. ( holotype TI00216131 !, isotypes TI00216132 !, TI00216133 !, TI00216134 !, TI00216135 !). Figs. 3 , 4 . = Cirsium pinnatibracteatum Ling (1935: 148) . Type:— China . Hopei ( Hebei province ), Fuping county , Yangshuta , alt. 1785 m , 28 August 1934 , K.M. Liou 3469 [ lectotype PE00030008 !, designated by Lin (2010) , isolectotypes, PE00030009 !, PE00030010 !] ; remaining syntypes : China . Hopei ( Hebei ), Fuping county , Baicaotuo Shan , alt. 1975 m , 28 August 1934 , K.M. Liou 3441 ( PE00456122 !, PE00456117 !) ; Chakar (now Hebei province ), Yuxian , Xiaowutai Shan , alt. 2000–2100 m , 13 September 1930 , H.W. Kung 1274 ( PE00456115 !, PE00456138 !) ; Chakar (now Hebei province ), Yuxian , Xiaowutai Shan , Xijinghekou , alt. 1250 m , 13 September 1930 , H.W. Kung 1286 ( PE00456113 !, PE00456114 !). Fig. 9 . = Cirsium chienii Chang (1936: 160) . Type :— China . Szechwan ( Sichuan province ), Songpan county , 24 August 1928 , W . P . Fang 4343 ( holotype IBSC0580578 !, isotypes CQNM0012139 !, E00383892 !, GH00125933 !, IBSC0580826 !, NAS00487125 !, US021161779!). Figs. 1 , 2 . = Cirsium fangii Petrak (1938: 48) , syn . nov . Type :— China . Szechwan ( Sichuan province ), Songpan county , 24 August 1928 , W . P . Fang 4343 ( holotype E00383892 !, isotypes CQNM0012139 !, GH00125933 !, IBSC0580578 !, IBSC0580826 !, NAS00487125 !, US021161779!). Figs. 1 , 2 . Description :—Herbs 40–100 cm tall, perennial. Stems simple or tufted, erect, branched above or rarely unbranched, ribbed, with long multicellular hairs. Basal and lower cauline leaves with petiole to 5 cm long; leaf blade elliptic, oblanceolate-elliptic or lanceolate, 10–25 × 4–7 cm , pinnatifid to pinnatipartite; segments 8–12 pairs, ± narrowly elliptic, or obliquely triangular, with unequal triangular teeth laterally spiny and with an apical spine 3–12 mm long. Cauline leaves sessile, amplexicaul, ± narrowly lanceolate, pinnatilobate to pinnatipartite; segments 4–6 pairs, triangular, with 1–3 unequal triangular teeth laterally spiny and with an apical spine 2–4 mm long; terminal segment largest. All leaves concolorous, green, with crispate multicellular hairs dense abaxially along veins but scattered elsewhere. Capitula corymbose, erect or rarely nodding. Involucre campanulate, ca. 4 cm diam., sparsely cobwebby. Phyllaries in ca. 8 rows, lacking wings and scarious appendage, all of similar length; outer and middle phyllaries 2–3 × 0.2–0.3 cm, pectinately fringed with spinules to 2.5 mm long, basal portion triangular to lanceolate, apical portion subulate tipped with a spinule ca. 3 mm long, patent or reflexed; inner phyllaries lanceolate to linear, ca. 2 × 0.1–0.2 cm, apex long acuminate. Florets bisexual. Corolla purplish, rarely white, ca. 2.4 cm long, tube ca. 1 cm long. Achene dark gray, ca. 5 mm long. Pappus bristles dirty white, ca. 1.5 cm long. Phenology :—Flowering from (June–) July to September. Distribution and habitat :— Cirsium leo is distributed in Beijing , Chongqing , Gansu , Hebei , Henan , Ningxia , Shaanxi , Shanxi , and northern Sichuan , China ( Fig. 10 ). It grows mainly on grassy slopes, at forest margins, in flooded lands, rocky crevices, wet places or along streams in ravines at elevations 700–3400 m above sea level. Additional specimens examined :— CHINA . Beijng : Miyun , 10 July 1972 , Miyun Exped . MI485 ( PE01205337 ). Chongqing : Chengkou , alt. 2000 m , 1 July 2004 , Yan-Sheng Chen at el. 613 ( WUK0488176 ); Chengkou , alt 1100 m , 6 July 1959 , P.Y. Li 1926 ( WUK0350419 ). Gansu : Kangle , alt. 2450 m , 6 July 1992 , Y.C. Wang 92053 ( KUN0048474 ); Lintan , alt. 2900 m , 20 July 1936 , T.P. Wang 5164 ( PE00456193 ); Lixian , alt. 1900 m , 23 July 1936 , T.P. Wang 4476 ( PE00456189 ); Liupan Shan , August 1956 , Huanghe Exped. 2221 ( PE00456196 ); Luqu , alt. 3100 m , 10 August 1991 , Taohe Exped. 534 ( KUN0048473 ); Tianshui , alt. 2450 m , 8 August 1960 , K.T. Fu 14156 ( WUK0162714 ); Wenxian , alt. 2350–2400 m , 25 June 2006 , Baishuijiang Exped. 0107 ( PE01612625 ); Wenxian , alt. 2614 m , 8 September 2011 , L.Q. Li et al. 140 ( PE01914127 ); Wenxian , alt. 2600 m , 29 July 1959 , Z . Y . Zhang 7649 ( WUK0147400 ); Xiahe , alt. 2400 m , 7 July 1937 , K . T . Fu 1099 ( PE00456190 ); Xiahe , alt. 2500 m , 11 July 1937 , K . T . Fu 1184 ( PE00456209 , WUK0022542 ); Zhugqu , alt. 2200 m , 20 July 1998 , Bailongjiang Exped. 418 ( PE01537055 , PE01537058 ). Hebei : Laiyuan , alt. 960 m , 25 July 1959 , Anonymous 43728 ( PE00456135 , PE00456136 ); Xinglong , alt. 1750 m , 22 July 1984 , X. W . Zhang et al. 0191 ( PE01258875 , PE01258876 ); Xinglong , Wuling Shan , August 1935 , Y . Liu 11690 ( PE00456119 ); Yuxian , Xiaowutai Shan , 11 September 1951 , C . K . Yang 615 ( PE00456120 ); Yuxian , Xiaowutai Shan , alt. 1990 m , 23 July 1959 , Anonymous 5392 ( PE00456124 , PE00456125 ); Yuxian , Xiaowutai Shan , alt. 1500 m , 31 July 1934 , C . W . Wang 61995 ( PE00456111 ); Zhuolu , alt. 1266 m , 2 September 2014 , S . Shi et al. SZ4003 ( PE02034854 ); Zhuolu , alt. 1445 m , 3 September 2014 , S . Shi et al. SZ4026 ( PE02064033 ). Henan : Jiyuan , 29 July 2015 , C . S . Zhu et al. 150729177 (AU064869); Luanchuan , alt. 1150 m , 16 June 1984 , Huangtu Exped. 2699 ( WUK0455748 ); Lingbao , alt. 1240 m , 16 August 1958 , J . Q . Fu 150 ( KUN0048468 ); Luoning , alt. 1100 m , 11 June 1984 , Huangtu Exped. 2602 ( WUK0456711 , WUK0456712 ); Lushi , 28 July 1935 , K . M . Liou 4805 ( PE00456168 , WUK0016184 ); Lushi , alt. 1150 m , 15 July 1959 , Anonymous 34302 ( PE00456167 , PE00456171 ); Neixiang , 15 July 2006 , C . S . Zhu 20060715 ( HITBC0019102 ); Songxian , alt. 850 m , 6 September 1983 , Exped. PL . Econ. L0427 ( PE00456166 ); Xixia , 10 July 1960 , K . C . Kuan & T . L . Dai 940 ( KUN0048470 , PE00456169 , PE00456170 ). Ningxia : Guyuan , alt. 2400 m , 23 June 1976 , Q . Du 76-0245 ( HNWP64002 ); Jingyuan , alt. 1800 m , 3 October 1984 , J .X. Yang 5631 ( WUK0451315 , WUK0451316 ). Shaanxi : Danfeng , alt. 1900 m , 22 September 1958 , S . B . He 393 ( WUK0101554 ); Fengxian , alt. 2200 m , 19 July 1964 , K . T . Fu 16153 ( WUK0363575 ); Foping , alt. 1550 m , 22 June 1952 , K . T . Fu 4679 ( KUN0048479 , PE00456178 , WUK0059705 ); Huanglong , alt. 1300 m , 22 July 1983 , Huangtu Exped. 0129 ( WUK0441820 ); Huaying , 9 June 1939 , T . N . Liou 1065 ( PE00456184 ); Huaying , Hua Shan , alt. 1800 m , 8 August 1932 , K . S . Hao 4006 ( PE00456186 ); Langao , alt. 2160 m , 28 June 2004 , Yan-Sheng Chen at el. 477 ( WUK0488071 ); Meixian , alt. 1800 m , 22 July 2013 , Qingling Exped. Tb-129 ( BNU004962 ); Meixian , Taibai Shan , alt. 1700 m , 24 July 1933 , T . P . Wang 1338 ( PE00456156 , PE00456187 ); Meixian , Taibai Shan , alt. 2880 m , 10 September 1937 , T . N . Liou & P . C . Tsoong 752 ( PE00456177 , WUK0022582 ); Meixian , Taibai Shan , September 1938 , W . Y . Hsia 4671 ( IBSC0580845 ); Ningshan , alt. 1800 m , 27 July 1978 , K . T . Fu 17632 ( WUK0347148 , WUK0347149 ); Shiquan , alt. 1400 m , 14 June 1959 , J . Q . Xing 7333 ( WUK0130010 ); Weinan , alt. 1300 m , 30 June 1952 , T . P . Wang 15559 ( KUN0048481 , PE00456180 ). Shanxi : Hunyuan , 22 July 1959 , X. Y . Liu et al. 10171 ( PE00607959 ); Huozhou , alt. 1700 m , 30 Sep. 1935 , T . P . Wang 963 ( PE00456149 ); Jiaocheng , 28 June 1959 , S . Ma 15157 ( HNWP6437 , HSIB016831 , WUK0320011 ); Jiexiu , 12 July 1959 , X. Y . Liu 5356 ( HNWP142639 , WUK0321568 ); Lingchuan , alt. 1500 m , 18 October 1982 , K . T . Fu 18894 ( WUK0431228 , WUK0431229 ); Luliang , Lishiqu , alt. 1940, 5 July 1955 , Huanghe Exped. 2427 ( PE00456163 , WUK0482858 ); Ningwu , alt. 1500 m , 23 August 1959 , X. Y . Liu 15460 ( HNWP142640 , WUK0321943 ); Ningwu , alt. 1580 m , 12 July 1957 , K . M . Liou 1496 ( PE00456157 ); Ningwu , alt. 1900 m , 24 July 1959 , X. Y . Liu 15222 ( HNWP142643 ); Qinxian , Lingkong Shan , 18 July 1959 , K . C . Kuan et Y . L . Chen 00908 ( HNWP142645 , PE00456143 , PE00456159 ); Ruicheng , alt. 1560 m , 22 August 1959 , S . Y . Bao 540 ( HNWP142647 , PE00456155 , PE00456158 ); Tsincheng (Jincheng), Taihang Shan , alt. 720 m , 19 June 1937 , K . M . Liou 7351 ( PE00456160 , WUK0022754 ); Wutai , 7 July 1959 , K . C . Kuan et Y . L . Chen 2155 ( PE00456162 ); Wutai , alt. 1730 m , 18 August 1953 , Shanxi Exped. 593 ( PE00456164 , PE00456165 ); Wutai , alt. 2000 m , 28 July 1959 , K . C . Kuan et Y . L . Chen 2536 ( HSIB016828 , PE00456142 , PE00456144 ); Wuzhai , alt. 1900 m , 18 August 1955 , Huanghe Exped. 2936 ( PE00456161 , WUK0099357 ); Xiaxian , alt. 1060 m , 29 June 1962 , W . T . Liu 0335 ( HNWP142650 , PE00456150 ); Yangqu , alt. 1500 m , 14 July 1991 , W . T . Liu 0053 ( HSIB016830 ); Yuanqu , alt. 1460 m , 5 June 1960 , X. Y . Liu & F . Zhao 20113 ( HNWP142648 , PE00456148 ); Yingxian , alt. 2204 m , 13 July 2014 , H . C . Duan Dch 0294 ( PE02035968 ). Yongji , alt. 1350 m , 23 May 1962 , T . W . Liu 0190 ( HNWP142649 , PE00456145 ); Yuncheng , 11 July 1954 , Shanxi Exped. 135 ( PE01553488 , PE01553489 ). Sichuan : Pingwu , 16 July 2007 , 2830 m, X. J . He et al. 129301 ( SZ01044573 ); Pingwu , 9 July 2013 , T . Wang FSB-740 ( PE01994074 ); Songpan , alt. 3100 m , 17 September 1937 , K . T . Fu 1799 ( PE00456203 , WUK0022719 ); Zoige , alt 2450 m , 8 August 2007 , D. H . Zhu et al. 4439 ( WCSBG019673 ). Notes: —Shi (1987) reduced Cirsium pinnatibracteatum to the synonymy of C. leo . We have checked the type material of C. pinnatibracteatum and accept this treatment. Cirsium pinnatibracteatum was described on the basis of four collections, K.M. Liou 3469 , K.M. Liou 3441 , H.W. Kung 1274 and H.W. Kung 1286 , and Ling (1935) did not designate type for this name. Lin (2010) designated a PE sheet of the collection K.M. Liou 3469 (PE00030008; Fig. 9 A ) as the lectotype of this name.