Revision of the Merodon serrulatus group (Diptera, Syrphidae) Author Vujic, Ante Author Likov, Laura Author Radenkovic, Snezana Author Tubic, Natasa Kocis Author Djan, Mihajla Author Sebic, Anja Author Perez-Banon, Celeste Author Barkalov, Anatolij Author Hayat, Ruestem Author Rojo, Santos Author Andric, Andrijana Author Stahls, Gunilla text ZooKeys 2020 909 79 158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.909.46838 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.909.46838 1313-2970-909-79 22B7FF16D0A240F9B20EF7C6E0AF1842 0AEF1785B8655964A36D859FBA7D8755 Merodon defectus Vujic , Likov & Radenkovic sp. nov. Figs 12J, K , 13E , 14A, B, D , 15B , 16C Diagnosis. Medium sized (7.6-10.9 mm), dark species with olive-brown reflection; antennae dark brown; legs mostly black; basoflagellomere elongated (in males 1.8 times as long as wide) obviously concave dorsally; arista short, 1.6-1.8 times as long as basoflagellomere (Fig. 12J, K ); terga dark brown to black, except pale yellow-orange lateral maculae on tergum 2; metafemur incrassate, ventrally covered with pilosity of medium length (Fig. 13E ); male genitalia: posterior surstyle lobe with very small lateral hump (Fig. 14A, B : bp); apical part of anterior surstyle lobe triangular (Fig. 14A : al); lingula medium sized (Fig. 14D : l). Similar to Merodon serrulatus from which differs in reduced lateral hump on posterior surstyle lobe (Fig. 14A, B : bp) (in M. serrulatus distinct, Fig. 1A, B : bp, 14C: bp). Morphologically related to M. opacus sp. nov. and M. hirsutus from which can be distinguished by the presence of yellow-orange lateral maculae on tergum 2 (in M. opacus sp. nov. and M. hirsutus tergum 2 dark). Additionally, differing from M. hirsutus by shorter dorsolateral pile on metafemur (Fig. 13E ) and posterior surstyle lobe with very small lateral hump (Fig. 14A, B : bp), well developed in M. hirsutus (Fig. 14E, F : bp) and M. opacus sp. nov. (14H, I: bp). Figure 12. Antenna. A Merodon opacus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, male B Merodon opacus sp. nov., inner side, lateral view, male C Merodon opacus sp. nov., dorsal view, male D Merodon opacus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, female E Merodon opacus sp. nov., inner side, lateral view, female F Merodon opacus sp. nov., dorsal view, female G Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, male H Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., inner side, lateral view, male I Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, female J Merodon defectus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, male K Merodon defectus sp. nov., outer side, lateral view, female. Scale bar: 1 mm. Figure 13. Metaleg, lateral view. A Merodon opacus sp. nov., male B Merodon opacus sp. nov., female C Merodon hirsutus , male D Merodon hirsutus , female E Merodon defectus sp. nov., male. Scale bar: 2 mm. Figure 14. Male genitalia. A Merodon defectus sp. nov., epandrium, lateral view B Merodon defectus sp. nov., epandrium, ventral view C Merodon serrulatus , epandrium, ventral view D Merodon defectus sp. nov., hypandrium, lateral view E Merodon hirsutus , epandrium, lateral view F Merodon hirsutus , epandrium, ventral view G Merodon hirsutus , hypandrium, lateral view, H Merodon opacus sp. nov., epandrium, lateral view I Merodon opacus sp. nov., epandrium, ventral view J Merodon opacus sp. nov., hypandrium, lateral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstyle lobe, bp-basolateral protrusion, c-cercus, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstyle lobe. Scale bar: 0.2 mm. Figure 15. Abdomen, dorsal view. A Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., male B Merodon defectus sp. nov., female. Scale bar: 2 mm. Description. Male. Head. Antennae black to dark brown; basoflagellomere elongated, 1.8 times as long as wide, and 2.3 times as long as pedicel, concave dorsally with acute apex; dorsolateral fossette large; arista dark brown and thickened at basal one third, covered with dense microtrichia, 1.6-1.8 times as long as basoflagellomere (Fig. 12J ); face black with gray microtrichia, covered with whitish pile; oral margin microtrichose, with small, shiny, lateral bare area; lunule shiny black; frons microtrichose, with yellowish gray pile; eye contiguity ca. eight facets long; vertex isosceles, with long, pale whitish yellow pile, mixed with black pile on the ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle isosceles (Fig. 16C ); occiput shiny, with gray-yellow pile; eyes covered with dense pile; vertical triangle: eye contiguity: frons = 3: 1: 3. Figure 16. Head of male. A Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., lateral view B Merodon disjunctus sp. nov., dorsal view C Merodon defectus sp. nov., dorsal view. Scale bar: 2 mm. Thorax. Scutum and scutellum black with bronze luster, covered with dense, erect, yellow pile; scutum at wing basis with short black pile and some black pile between wing basis, from few ones to fascia of black pilosity in some specimens; scutum usually with two or more microtrichose vittae, anteriorly connected and posteriorly reaching the scutellum; scutum dull; posterodorsal part of anterior anepisternum, posterior anepisternum (except anteroventral angle), anterior anepimeron, dorsomedial anepimeron, and posterodorsal and anteroventral parts of katepisternum with long, pale yellow pile and grayish microtrichia; wings entirely covered with microtrichia; wing veins brown; calypteres yellowish; halteres brown-yellow; legs mostly black, except brown tarsi ventrally in some specimens; pile on legs gray-yellow; metafemur moderately incrassate, ca. three times longer than wide; pile on postero- and anteroventral surface of medium length; pile on dorsolateral surface dense and length ca. one third to one fourth of width of metafemur (Fig. 13E ). Abdomen. Tapering, 1.2 times longer than mesonotum; terga dark brown to black, except pale yellow-orange lateral maculae on tergum 2; terga 2-4 each with a pair of white microtrichose, oblique fasciae (on tergum 2 triangular); pile on terga long, yellow, except some black pile on terga 3 and 4 medially; sterna dark brown, covered with long whitish yellow pile. Male genitalia. Apical part of anterior surstyle lobe triangular, ca. two times longer than wide, covered with dense, short pile (Fig. 14A : al); posterior surstyle lobe with very small basolateral protrusion (Fig. 14A, B : bp); hypandrium sickle-shaped, without lateral projections; lingula medium size (Fig. 14D : l). Female. Similar to the male except for normal sexual dimorphism and for the following characteristics: basoflagellomere ca. two times longer than wide (Fig. 12K ), fossette dorsal; frons with broad microtrichose vittae along eye margins; frons covered with pilosity of variable color, from mostly gray-yellow to predominantly black; ocellar triangle covered with black pile; terga with whitish pile, except terga 2-5 medially with short black pile; microtrichose fasciae on terga 3 and 4 conspicuous (Fig. 15C ). Etymology. Latin adjective defectus (reduced in size, smaller) refers to small basolateral protrusion (lateral hump) on posterior surstyle lobe. Distribution. Merodon defectus sp. nov. has been identified in western Turkey (Fig. 7 ). Ecology. Preferred environment: forest/open ground; thermophilous and evergreen Quercus forest; Castanea forest, dry Pinus forest; unimproved grassland and tracksides; coniferous forest with some yellow flowers along a stream [ Reemer and Smit (2007) refer to this last observation as being Merodon alexeji Paramonov, 1925]. Flowers visited: Ornithogalum spp., Potentilla spp., and Thymus spp. Flight period: May-July. Type material. Holotype . Turkey • ♂; Bozdag mountain, Near Bozdag ; 38°22'28"N , 28°04'38"E ; 1140 m a.s.l.; 7 Jun. 2014; A. Vujic , J. Acanski leg.; FSUNS 06950. Original label: "HOLOTYPE of Merodon / defectus Vujic , Likov et / Radenkovic sp.n. 2019" [red label], "Turkey, Bozdag Mountain, / near Bozdag 7/6/2014 / 38.374523 28.077339 1140m / Leg. Vujic , Acanski" , "AU305" , "06950" (See Supplementary file 2: Figure 2A ). Paratypes . Turkey • 1 ♂; Mugla , 14 km NE from Agla , Lake Kartar; 37°01'50"N , 28°45'09"E ; 1600 m a.s.l.; 31 May 2000; J. T. Smit leg.; J. T. S. coll. 04066 [published in Reemer and Smit (2007) under name Merodon alexeji ] • 1 ♀; Mugla , 14 km NE from Agla , Lake Kartar; 37°01'50"N , 28°45'09"E ; 1600 m a.s.l.; 31 May 2000; J. T. Smit leg.; J. T. S. coll. 04067 [published in Reemer and Smit (2007) under name Merodon alexeji ] • 4 ♀♀; Isparta, Yenisarbademli , Melikler Yaylasi 2; 37°41'38"N , 31°17'56"E ; 1770 m a.s.l.; 21 Jun. 2016; R. Hayat, A. Vujic , O. Demiroezer , J. Acanski leg.; EMIT 12301 to 12304 • 1 ♂; Babadag , Near Denizli valley I; 37°41'43"N , 28°59'35"E ; 1870 m a.s.l.; 5 Jul. 2015; A. Vujic , S. Radenkovic , J. Acanski , S. Goekhan , N. Velickovic leg.; FSUNS 09774 • 2 ♀♀; Babadag , Near Denizli valley I; 37°41'43"N , 28°59'35"E ; 1870 m a.s.l.; 5 Jul. 2015; A. Vujic , S. Radenkovic , J. Acanski , S. Goekhan , N. Velickovic leg.; FSUNS 09773, 09775 • 3 ♂♂; Isparta, Yenisarbademli , Melikler Yaylasi ; 37°41'52"N , 31°17'39"E ; 1730 m a.s.l.; 30 Jun. 2015; A. Vujic , R. Hayat, O. Dermiroezer , A. Uzal leg.; EMIT 09953 to 09955 • 3 ♀♀; Isparta, Yenisarbademli , Melikler Yaylasi ; 37°41'52"N , 31°17'39"E ; 1730 m a.s.l.; 30 Jun. 2015; A. Vujic , R. Hayat, O. Demiroezer , A. Uzal leg.; EMIT 09952, 09956, 09957 • 8 ♂♂; Isparta, Yenisarbademli , Melikler Yaylasi 1; 37°41'52"N , 31°17'39"E ; 1730 m a.s.l.; 21 Jun. 2016; R. Hayat, A. Vujic , O. Demiroezer , J. Acanski leg.; EMIT 12249 to 12251, 12256, 12257, 12260, 12264 • 9 ♀♀; Isparta, Yenisarbademli , Melikler Yaylasi 1; 37°41'52"N , 31°17'39"E ; 1730 m a.s.l.; 21 Jun. 2016; R. Hayat, A. Vujic , O. Demiroezer , J. Acanski leg.; EMIT 12253 to 12255, 12258, 12259, 12261 to 12263, 12265 • 3 ♀♀; Babadag , Near Denizli on the top; 37°42'33"N , 28°59'23"E ; 2060 m a.s.l.; 5 Jul. 2015; A. Vujic , S. Radenkovic , J. Acanski , S. Goekhan , N. Velickovic leg.; FSUNS 09769, 09770, 09772 • 1 ♀; Bozdag mountain, Near Bozdag ; 38°19'58"N , 28°06'35"E ; 1570 m a.s.l.; 7 Jun. 2014; A. Vujic , J. Acanski leg.; FSUNS 06931 • 8 ♂♂; Bozdag mountain, Near Bozdag ; 38°20'50"N , 28°04'08"E ; 1170 m a.s.l.; 7 Jun. 2014; A. Vujic , J. Acanski leg.; FSUNS 06952, 06953, 06956, 06957, 06959 to 06962 • 6 ♀♀; Bozdag mountain, Near Bozdag ; 38°20'50"N 28°04'08"E ; 1170 m a.s.l.; 7 Jun. 2014; A. Vujic , J. Acanski leg.; FSUNS 06954, 06955, 06958, 06963 to 06965 • 1 ♂; Balikesir , Edremit-Akcay ; 39°40'40"N , 26°54'09"E ; 27 Jul. 2015; J. Devalez leg.; MAegean 10131.