A recent inventory of the bats of Mozambique with documentation of seven new species for the country Author Monadjem, Ara All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Swaziland, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Swaziland ara@uniswacc.uniswa.sz Author Schoeman, M. Corrie School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, Republic of South Africa Author Reside, April All Out Africa, P. O. Box 153, Lobamba, Swaziland Author P Io, Dorothea V. Département d’Ecologie et Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Biophore 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland Author Stoffberg, Samantha Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X 1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, Republic of South Africa Author Bayliss, Julian Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust (MMCT), P. O. Box 139, Mulanje, Malawi & Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Author (Woody) Cotterill, F. P. D. AEON - Africa Earth Observatory Network, Departments of Geological Sciences, and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Republic of South Africa Author Curran, Michael Institute of Biogeography, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, CH- 4056, Switzerland Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, HIF C 13, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 15, CH- 8093 Zurich, Switzerland Durban Natural Science Museum, P. O. Box 4085, Durban, Republic of South Africa Department of Ecology and Resource Management, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X 5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, Republic of South Africa Corresponding author: E-mail: ara @ uniswacc. uniswa. sz Author Kopp, Mirjam Institute of Biogeography, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Vorstadt 10, CH- 4056, Switzerland Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, HIF C 13, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 15, CH- 8093 Zurich, Switzerland Durban Natural Science Museum, P. O. Box 4085, Durban, Republic of South Africa Department of Ecology and Resource Management, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X 5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, Republic of South Africa Corresponding author: E-mail: ara @ uniswacc. uniswa. sz Author Taylor, Peter J. Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, HIF C 13, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 15, CH- 8093 Zurich, Switzerland 11 Durban Natural Science Museum, P. O. Box 4085, Durban, Republic of South Africa text Acta Chiropterologica 2010 2010-12-01 12 2 371 391 journal article 21491 10.3161/150811010X537963 d8534224-63f8-4837-bff7-f3639a531b3d 1733-5329 3944583 Rhinolophus cf. swinnyi Gough 1908 A series of small rhinolophids was collected from a cave (‘Gerhard’s cave’) south of the Save River, and from Mount Inago and Mount Namuli in northern Mozambique . Using existing keys based on morphological and cranial measurements ( Taylor, 2000 ; Csorba et al ., 2003 ), these specimens were identifiable as R. swinnyi . However, molecular analyses of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene (which included other Southern African species such as R. blasii , R. capensis , R. denti , R. landeri , R. simulator and R. swinnyi ) show that these individuals group with typical R. simulator (S. Stoffberg, unpublished) from which they differ both in morphology (smaller skull lengths) and echolocation (peak echolocation frequencies ranging between 99– 103 kHz; Pettersson D980, n = 10). Specimens were observed to have dark-brown coloured spots on the cheeks. We thus chose to provisionally designate these genetically distinctive, small, brown-cheeked specimens (which are most likely an undescribed cryptic species morphologically similar to swinnyi ) as ‘ cf. swinnyi ’. Peak echolocation frequencies of R. swinnyi in South Africa are similar at 106.6 kHz, but those for R. simulator in South Africa are 20 kHz lower ( Schoeman and Jacobs, 2008 ). This suggests that these individuals may represent an undescribed species. Field measurements: FA (adult male) 42.5 ± 0.56 (42.0–43.3, 5); Bm (adult male) 6.0 ± 0.82 (5.0–7.0, 4); FA (adult female) 42.5 ± 0.60 (41.6–43.1, 5); Bm (adult female) 6.7 ± 0.97 (5.5–8.0, 5). Mean noseleaf width was 7.24 ± 0.44 for males ( n = 5) and 7.38 ± 0.31 for the females ( n = 5). (See Table 2 for cranial measurements).