To which species should the name heynei Rühl, [1893] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) be referred? Author Russell, Peter J. C. Author Lukhtanov, Vladimir A. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-12-11 4531 1 81 94 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4531.1.3 c4772e28-a2d9-4502-a841-cc95513dda03 1175-5326 3713990 E688A2A5-DA8F-4F07-A40D-1F5CE82A8BEF M. arduinna heynei Rühl , [1893], TL: Kyrgyzstan , Alai Mts (southern slope), Daroot-Korgon, 2700 m ( Figs 3, 4 ); this form is small ( lectotype wing span only 34 mm ), this feature was probably the main reason for confusing it with M. cinxia . (Larger forms such as M. arduinna evanescens and M. a. rhodopensis cannot be confused with M. cinxia ). Ground colour similar to M. arduinna arduinna but black markings reduced in the postdiscal area (see also Fig. 2 ), melanic females as yet unknown. FIGURES 6–14. Melitaea arduinna and M. cinxia (Scale bar = 10 mm). 6-8: M. arduinna arduinna , Russia, Orenburg Region, Krasnoznamenka, 230 m, 30 May 2011, P. Russell leg. (6: male, upperside; 7: male, underside; 8: melanic female, upperside). 9-10: M. cinxia , male, Russia, Orenburg Region, Krasnoznamenka, 230 m, 30 May 2011, P. Russell leg. (9: upperside; 10: underside). 11-12: M. arduinna evanescens , male, Tajikistan, Peter the Great Mts, Ganishou, 1900 m, 30 June 2017, V. A. Lukhtanov leg. (11: upperside; 12: underside). 13-14: M. arduinna rhodopensis , male, reared ex larvae, Serbia, Stara Planina, South of Kalna, emerged 12 June 2011, P. Russell leg. (13: upperside; 14: underside). M. arduinna heynei appears to be a distinct subspecies. It differs from M. arduinna evanescens , which inhabits nearby regions in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan , not only by small size, but also by the ground colour and pattern design of the hind-wing underside, which is similar to that of M. arduinna arduinna . The phenotypic difference between M. arduinna heynei and M. arduinna evanescens seems to be comparable to that existing between M. arduinna evanescens and M. avinovi Sheljuzhko, 1914 (see Plate LXXIV, figs 1–15 in Tshikolovets, 2003 : 327– 328). Further, more detailed morphological, molecular and chromosomal studies (e.g. as in Lukhtanov 2017 ) are required to clarify the status (species or subspecies) of M. arduinna heynei .