Taxonomy of Bethylus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from China with description of nine new species Author Wang, Chung-Hong 0000-0003-0132-3218 Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218 xxchen@zju.edu.cn Author He, Jun-Hua 0000-0002-9109-8853 xxchen@zju.edu.cn Author Chen, Xue-Xin 0000-0003-0132-3218 State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China joycek 0324 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0132 - 3218 & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Corresponding author. xxchen @ zju. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9109 - 8853 xxchen@zju.edu.cn text Zootaxa 2021 2021-05-20 4974 2 361 382 journal article 6353 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.6 541dcb09-af62-4598-9b4c-bde7fee86a1f 1175-5326 4775728 1BCA80C0-C39F-43C0-9E90-BA594DB38CC3 Bethylus gansensis Wang, He & Chen sp. nov. Fig. 3 Description. Holotype ( Fig. 3a ). Female. Body length 2.55 mm . Color. Head castaneous; mandible castaneous to dark castaneous, teeth yellow; antenna yellow, darker distad. Mesosoma castaneous; legs yellow, coxae and femora light castaneous; tegula castaneous. Metasoma castaneous to dark castaneous. Forewing hyaline; veins and pterostigma pale yellow. Pubescence. Sides of head posterior to eyes and vertex crest with long setae; ventral area of gena with sparse setae. Ventral surface of mesosoma with short setae. Forewing with dense short white setae; radial cell and costal cell of forewing without setae. FIGURE 2. Bethylus crassicapitis sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma , dorsal view; g. Mesosoma , lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm. Head ( Fig. 3 b-e). Head longer than wide, LH 1.14 × WH. Mandible with four apical teeth, upper most with apex truncate. Apex of median clypeal lobe rounded; median clypeal carina slightly extending posterad into frons. Antennomeres II–VI in ratio of 1.14:1.05:1.05:1.08:1.0 in length and 1.83, 1.74, 1.53, 1.45, 1.43, 1.87 × width respectively; antennal scrobal carina absent. Frons coriaceous with punctures separate 1.0–4.0 × their diameter; WF 1.01 × LE. LE 1.51 × DEV. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle obtuse; POL 1.46 × AOL; OOL 1.21 × WOT; DPV 0.25 × DAO. Vertex coriaceous with punctures; vertex crest slightly outcurved. Sides of head posterior to eyes rounded. Occipital carina absent. Malar space narrow, malar line between mandible and eye absent. Gena coriaceous. FIGURE 3. Bethylus gansensis sp. nov. holotype, ♀. a. Habitus lateral; b. Head, frontal view; c. Mandible; d. Antenna; e. Head, lateral view; f. Mesosoma , dorsal view; g. Mesosoma , lateral view; h. Forewing. Scale bars: 0.15 mm. Mesosoma ( Fig. 3 f-g). Dorsal pronotal area coriaceous with shallow punctures; lateral margin not carinate, posterior margin curved; lateral pronotal area coriaceous. Mesoscutum coriaceous with shallow sparse punctures; parapsidal signum complete. Mesoscutellum coriaceous with few shallow punctures. Metapostnotum imbricate and depressed, median ridge weakly coriaceous, lateral and median carina absent; dorsal area of propodeum rugulose and elevated; lateral marginal carina incomplete, absent near transverse anterior carina of metapectal-propodeal disc; propodeal declivity coriaceous; anterior metapleural area coriaceous, metapleural line with three pits; lateral surface of metapectal-propodeal complex coriaceous. Propleuron coriaceous. Mesopectus coriaceous; mesopleural fovea and mesopleural pit developed. Forewing ( Fig. 3h ). Rs+M 2 v absent; Rs 2 v 1.87 × M 2 v; 2r-rs&Rs 2 v rounded arched apically. Metasoma . Metasomal terga shiny with shallow tiny punctures; longitudinal sulcus of first metasomal tergum present, almost 0.5 × length of first metasomal tergum. Metasomal sterna shiny with shallow tiny punctures. Male. Unknown. Variation. Body length: 2.55–2.77 mm . LH 1.14–1.16 × WH; WF 1.01–1.03 × LE; LE 1.49–1.51 × DEV; POL 1.46–1.62 × AOL; OOL 1.21–1.26 × WOT; DPV 0.25–0.41 × DAO. Type material. Holotype ♀ ( ZJUH ), China , Gansu Province , Dangchang Country , Daheba , 104°44′14″E , 33°43′59″N , 2530m , 31.vii.2004 , Xuexin Chen, No. 20047039 . Paratype : ♀ ( ZJUH ), China , Gansu Province , Dangchang Country , Daheba , 104°44′14″E , 33°43′59″N , 2530m , 31.vii.2004 , Xuexin Chen, No. 20046995 . Distribution. China ( Gansu ). Etymology. This species is named based on the type specimen locality. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other species of this genus by having LH at least 1.14 × WH, DPV shorter than DAO, and frontal angle of ocellar triangle obtuse ( Fig. 3b ).