A new Species of Anthurium section Calomystrium, subsection Rupicola (Araceae) from Peru Author Martel, Carlos 0000-0001-9892-1999 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK & Instituto de Ciencias Ómicas y Biotecnología Aplicada, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru & c. martel @ kew. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9892 - 1999 c.martel@kew.org Author Croat, Thomas B. 0000-0003-2588-7499 P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis, MO 63166 - 0299, USA & thomas. croat @ mobot. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2588 - 7499 thomas.croat@mobot.org text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-03-02 585 3 225 232 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.4 journal article 29677 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.3.4 3ef37284-f13a-4144-8e8d-08afa83d089b 1179-3163 7690785 Key to species of sect. Calomystrium subsect. Rupicola 1. Leaves with a single midrib, either lacking a pair of basal veins or with a single pair of basal veins (one on either side of the midrib) promptly merging with the margin....................................................................................................................................................2. - Leaves with 3 to 9 veins (including the midrib) at the base of the leaf blade and with one or more pairs of basal veins extending all the way to the apex ............................................................................................................................................................................5. 2. Spathe broadly ovate, flamingo-orange; spadix orange ................................................................................. A. vanderknaapii Croat - Spathe lanceolate or elliptic, usually green, sometimes white or lavender-purple; spadix purplish, whitish or greenish ................3. 3. Leaf blades more than 30 cm long, broadest well above the middle; collective veins arising from just above the base; tertiary veins not prominulous; Colombia , Antioquia , ca. 200 m ................................................................................................. A. callejasii Croat - Leaf blades less than 22 cm long, broadest at about the middle; collective veins arising from one of the primary lateral veins in the middle or lower third of the blade; tertiary veins prominulous; Central Panama and NE Ecuador , 200–550 m ..............................4. 4. Spadix green; berries early emergent, tapered and pointed at the apex, initially obovoid and green, maturing red-orange; fibres of weathered cataphylls eventually falling; Central Panama , 200–400 m ..................................................................... A. sytsmae Croat - Spadix yellow; berries emerging mature, globose and purple; fibres of weathered cataphylls very persistent; NE Ecuador , 500–550 m .................................................................................................................................................................................. A. werffii Croat 5. Leaves rhombic or ovate-rhombic, broadest well below the middle; 7–11 veins at the base of leaf blade (3–5 basal veins per side) or with basal veins lacking; spadix white..........................................................................................................................................6. - Leaves lanceolate or elliptic; 3 veins at the base of leaf blade (midrib and a single pair of basal veins); spadix white or lavender7. 6. Leaf blades rhombic, drying subcoriaceous, dark brown on upper surface; spathe white; Colombia , slopes of western Andes in Valle Department, 0–250 m ............................................................................................................................ A. antrophyoides Killip - Leaf blades ovate-rhombic, drying moderately thin, greenish to greyish yellow-brown on the upper surface (if the weak submarginal veins are included); spathe green; Ecuador , slopes of eastern Andes in Napo Department , 1800 m ............... A. palacioanum Croat 7. Primary lateral veins numerous (more than 10 per side), sometimes not distinguishable from interprimary veins; cataphylls weathering into persistent fibres; spathe green; spadix white at anthesis ............................................................. A. chocoense Croat - Primary lateral veins 3–5 pairs per side, distinguishable from interprimary veins; cataphylls deciduous with only their papery bases remaining or persistent and intact, never fibrous; spathe white to lavender; spadix dark violet-purple, lavender-purple, yellowish or pink at anthesis..............................................................................................................................................................................8. 8. Epiphytic plants from Central Peru ; spathe white (weakly tinged with lavender) or light lavender, ovate; spadix lavender-violet; scent spicy with honey notes ................................................................................................................. A. huaytae Croat & C.Martel - Epipetric plants from Panama or Colombia ; spathe white to purplish violet, lanceolate or ovate; spadix lavender or dark violetpurple; scent spicy or mint-scented ...................................................................................................................................................9. 9. Spathe ovate, lavender to purplish violet; spadix dark violet-purple; flower scent spicy, but not smelling of mint; berries almost purple; stems 4–6 mm diam.; cataphylls 4–5 cm long, soon deciduous, only their papery bases remaining; Central Panama , Coclé Province .............................................................................................................................................................. A. amnicola Dressler - Spathe lanceolate, usually white, rarely lavender; spadix lavender; flower scent minty; berries green or white; stems 12–15 mm diam.; cataphylls 5–11 cm long, persisting intact, drying reddish brown; north-western region of Colombia ................................... ......................................................................................................................................................................... A. antioquiense Engler