A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador Author Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina Author Whitfield, James B. Author Janzen, Daniel H. Author Winifred Hallwachs, Author Dyer, Lee A. Author Smith, M. Alex Author Hebert, Paul D. N. Author Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. text ZooKeys 2019 890 1 685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 1313-2970-890-1 FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 Glyptapanteles garygibsoni Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 86 , 87 Female. Body length 2.22 mm , antenna length 2.53 mm , fore wing length 2.42 mm . Type material. Holotype : COSTA RICA • 1♀ ; 91-SRNP-1820, DHJPAR0000063; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste , Guanacaste , Sector Santa Rosa , Cafetal ; 280 m ; 10.85827 , -85.61089 ; 16.vii.1991 ; gusaneros leg.; separate, light brown cocoons on back of caterpillar and formed on 25.vii.1991 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 01.viii.1991 ; ( CNC ) . Paratypes . • 60 ( 2♀ , 3♂ ) ( 44♀ , 11♂ ); 91-SRNP-1820, DHJPAR0000063; same data as for holotype; ( CNC ) . Other material. Reared material. COSTA RICA : Area de Conservacion Guanacaste , Guanacaste , Sector Santa Rosa , Area Administrativa : • 57 ( 3♀ , 3♂ ) ( 43♀ , 8♂ ); 82-SRNP-418, DHJPAR0000052; dry forest; 295 m ; 10.83764 , -85.61871 ; 01.vii.1982 ; DH Janzen leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar, found with the cocoons already out of the caterpillar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoids emerged on 03.vii.1982 and caterpillar was still alive when the wasps eclosed . Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Guanacaste , Sector Santa Rosa , Cafetal : • 13 ( 3♀ , 3♂ ) ( 15♀ , 2♂ ); 91-SRNP-1814, DHJPAR0000061; 280 m ; 10.85827 , -85.61089 ; 16.vii.1991 ; gusaneros leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 25.vii.1991 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 01.viii.1991 . • 8 ( 2♀ , 2♂ ) ( 4♀ , 0 ♂ ); 91-SRNP-1816, DHJPAR0000062; same data as for preceding except: hard dorsal cocoons adhered to the larval cuticle; adult parasitoids emerged on 24.viii.1991 . Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Guanacaste , Sector El Hacha , Sendero Bejuquilla : • 3 ( 1♀ , 1♂ ) (0 ♀ , 1♂ ); 98-SRNP-5332, DHJPAR0000113; intergrade dry-rain forest; 280 m ; 11.03004 , -85.52699 ; 03.vii.1998 ; Roster Moraga leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; small white-gray somewhat separate cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 11.vii.1998 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 21.vii.1998 . Diagnosis. Phragma of the scutellum partially exposed ( Figs 86B, C , 87B, C ), longitudinal median carina on face absent, inner margin of eyes straight throughout, scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( Figs 86B, C , 87B, C ), petiole on T1 distally with lateral margins curved (convex, Figs 86D, G , 87D, G ), propodeal spiracle without distal carina ( Figs 86B, C , 87B, C ), nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae ( Figs 86B, C , 87B, C ), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( Figs 86B, C , 87B, C ), antenna longer than body, fore wing with 2RS vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Figs 86I , 87I ), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition ( Figs 86D, G , 87D, G ). Figure 86. Glyptapanteles garygibsoni sp. nov. female 91-SRNP-1820 DHJPAR0000063 A Habitus B, E Mesosoma B Dorsolateral view E Lateral view C Metanotum, propodeum, dorsolateral view D T1-2, dorsal view F, G Metasoma F lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind. Figure 87. Glyptapanteles garygibsoni sp. nov. male 91-SRNP-1820 DHJPAR0000063 A Habitus B, E Head, mesosoma B Dorsolateral view E lateral view C Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view D T1-3, dorsal view F, G Metasoma F lateral view G Dorsal view H Genitalia: parameres, lateral view I, J Wings I Fore J Hind. Coloration ( Fig. 86A ). General body coloration light brown except labrum, mandibles, glossa, maxillary and labial palps, scape, pedicel, and tegulae yellow; three-four most proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), following flagellomeres dark brown on both sides. Eyes gray and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except coxae and claws brown; hind legs yellow except coxae, apex of femora, distal 3/4 of tibiae and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 yellow-brown/light brown, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow-brown; T2 with median and wide adjacent areas light brown, and lateral ends yellow-brown; T3 and beyond light brown; distally each tergum with a very narrow transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 and S1-3 completely yellow-brown remaining terga and sterna brown. Description. Head ( Fig. 86A ). Head rounded with pubescence short and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.16:0.05, 0.18:0.05, 0.18:0.05), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.10:0.05, 0.08:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.53, 2.22); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, with dense fine punctations, interspaces with microsculpture and longitudinal median carina absent. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces with microsculpture. Inner margin of eyes straight throughout; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.08, 0.10). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide. Mesosoma ( Fig. 86 A-C , E ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces with microsculpture. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS , scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM ; ATS demilune with short stubs delineating the area and inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and depressed centrally. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM ; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with semircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved and relatively polished and distal half relatively polished; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally with a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove shallow, but visible and with faintly transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped. Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire, but with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.09, 0.06). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.23, 0.15), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.10). Wings ( Fig. 86I , J ). Fore wing with r vein curved, 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein straight; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area, vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A present only proximally as tubular vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe wide, subdistally straightened and subproximally straightened, and setae present proximally, but absent distally. Metasoma ( Fig. 86A, D, F-H ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 completely smooth and polished, with faint, satin-like sheen, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3, apex truncate (length 0.32, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.11), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition (length median area 0.09, length T2 0.14), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.09, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.04); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.20, 0.14) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. Cocoons ( Fig. 4P ). Light brown or gray oval cocoons with ordered silk fibers, but covered by a net. Cocoons on back of caterpillar or attached to the leaf substrate. Comments. This species looks like Distatrix , the lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 are far from the proximal edge of T3. Male ( Fig. 87 A-J ). The body coloration and the body shape similar to female. Etymology. Gary A. P. Gibson is a research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Ottawa, Ontario , Canada . His expertise is focused upon systematics of chalcid parasitoid wasps ( Chalcidoidea ), especially the families Eupelmidae and Pteromalidae and functional and comparative morphology of Chalcidoidea and Hymenoptera . Distribution. Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica , ACG, Sector El Hacha (Sendero Bejuquilla) and Sector Santa Rosa ( Area Administrativa and Cafetal), during July of 1982, 1991, and 1998 at 280 m and 295 m in coffee plantations, dry forest, and intergrade dry-rain forest. Biology. The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. Host. Nystalea collaris Schaus ( Fig. 4P ) ( Noctuidae : Nystaleinae ) feeding on Psidium guineense and Eugenia salamensis ( Myrtaceae ) and N. guzmani Schaus feeding on Calyptranthes chytraculia ( Myrtaceae ). Caterpillar were collected in fourth instar and cocoons were already out of the caterpillar.