Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia) Author Stonis, Jonas R. Author Diškus, Arūnas Author Remeikis, Andrius Author Karsholt, Ole Author Torres, Nixon Cumbicus text Zootaxa 2017 4257 1 1 70 journal article 33173 10.5281/zenodo.556874 90f99d44-c68c-4602-90f1-2802409db73d 1175-5326 556874 98E19676-EC03-4026-B4B6-39BEC10B5A05 28. Stigmella coronaria Diškus & Stonis , sp. nov. ( Figs 2 , 9 , 25–28 , 33 , 82–91 , 106, 107 , 139–147 ) Type material. Holotype : ♂ , BOLIVIA : Nor Yungas Province , Coroico , 16°11'45˝S, 67°43'10˝W, elevation 1980 m , mining larvae on Trixis sp. 25.iv.2014 , ex pupa v.2014 , field card no. 5161, leg. A. Diškus , genitalia slide no. AD 747♂ ( ZMUC ) . Paratypes: 7 ♂, 14 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slides nos AD643♂, AD768♂, AD769♀, AD771♀ (ZMUC). Diagnosis . The large apical spines on the phallus distinguish S. coronaria sp. nov. from all other Stigmella species. Male ( Fig. 33 ). Forewing length 2.0– 2.3 mm ; wingspan 4.5–5.1 mm . Head: palpi cream; frontal tuft orange to brownish orange; collor dark golden cream to concolorous with thorax, olive brown with strong golden gloss; scape golden cream; antenna slightly longer than half the length of forewing; flagellum with 39–30 segments, dark brown-grey to grey on upper side, pale grey to brownish cream on underside. Thorax and tegula olive brown with strong golden gloss and some purple iridescence. Forewing with two fasciae: narrow golden shiny postmedian and short silvery golden apical; basal half of forewing concollorous with thorax; narrow area before postmedian fascia and whole apical area in between postemdian and apical fasciae fuscous with strong blue and purple iridescence; fringe brown with golden gloss; underside of forewing brown-black, without spots or androconia. Hindwing greybrown with light purple iridescence on upper side and underside, without spots or androconia; its fringe greybrown. Legs dark grey on upper side, pale brown to brownish cream on underside. Abdomen fuscous with some purple iridescence on upper side, pale brown to brownish cream on underside; tufts very short, fuscous; genital segments brownish cream to grey or dark grey. Female ( Fig. 33 ). Flagellum with 24–26 segments. Postmedian fascia of forewing tends to be slightly wider than in males. Abdomen fuscous upper side, brown on underside; ovipositor long, narrow and pointed; anal tufts overlapping over ovipositor and long (as long as ovipositor). Otherwise as in males. Male genitalia ( Figs 82–91 ). Capsule longer (235 µm) than wide (165 µm). Vinculum with small pointed lateral lobes. Uncus with four small lobes caudally. Gnathos with two slender caudal processes and medially very slender plate. Valva 145–150 µm long, 55–60 µm wide, with two sharp apical processes; transtilla with triangular corners but without sublateral processes. Juxta membranous. Phallus ( Figs 87–96 ) 225 µm long, 55–75 µm wide, with numerous large spines (carinae) on caudal edge ( Figs 88–92 ); vesica with numerous small spine-like cornuti about five very large horn-like cornuti; most of them strongly curved ( Fig. 88 ). Female genitalia ( Figs 106, 107 ). Total length 785–790 µm. Anterior and posterior apophyses almost equal in length; anterior apophyses blunt distally; posterior apophyses very slender. Vestibulum narrow, without sclerites. Corpus bursae with short, heavily folded distal part large, oval-shaped, 455 µm long, 320 µm wide basal part; pectinations comb-like, distintive; signa absent. Accessory sac wide but short; ductus spermathecae without convolutions. Abdominal apex tapered. Bionomics ( Figs 139–147 ). Larva mines in leaves of Trixis P. Browne ( Asteraceae : Mutisioideae ) ( Fig. 139 ). Larva ( Fig. 143 ) bright yellow with indistinctive intestine and brown or pale brown head; mine in April. Leaf-mine ( Figs 140–145 ) as a short, contorted gallery filled with brown and black-brown frass. Larval exit slit on upper side of the leaf. Cocoon ( Figs 146, 147 ) pale beige to dark beige or ochre beige; length 2.3–2.5 mm , maximum width 1.3–1.4 mm . Distribution ( Figs 9 , 25–28 ). This species occurs in the montane forest of the Bolivian Andes ( Bolivia : Nor Yungas Province) at altitudes about 1980 m . Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin coronarius (of a wreath) in reference to the numerous large spines on caudal edge of the phallus.