Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus.
Author
Wilson, E. O.
text
2003
Harvard University Press
Cambridge, MA
http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017
book
20017
Pheidole floridana Emery
Pheidole flavens subsp. floridana Emery
1895d: 293. Raised to species level by Pergande 1896: 883. Syn.:
Pheidole lauta Wheeler
1908h: 470, synonymy by Gregg 1959: 21.
types Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard; Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova.
Etymology Named after the state of origin.
Diagnosis Nearly identical with
bilimeki
and its Neotropical variants, distinguished as follows.
Major: foveolation on dorsum of head very fine; first gastral tergite smooth and shiny; humerus less prominent in
dorsal-oblique view.
Minor: antennal scapes relatively short, just reaching or barely surpassing the occipital corner; first gastral tergite smooth and shiny, with at most a light shagreening at the base of the tergite.
Both castes are consistently yellow.
P. floridana
is very close to
bilimeki
, and also to
stomachosa
of Jamaica, which coexists on the island with
bilimeki
.
P. stomachosa
is distinguished from both
bilimeki
and
floridana
by the head and pronotum of the minor being smooth and shiny (q.v.).
Measurements (mm) Lectotype major: HW 0.92, HL 1.00, SL 0.44, EL 0.10, PW 0.46. Paralectotype minor: HW 0.44, HL 0.52, SL 0.42, EL 0.06, PW 0.30. Color Major and minor: concolorous yellow.
range
P. floridana
has been recorded by Stefan Cover (personal communication) from the coastal plain of North Carolina south to the Florida Keys and west to central Texas (Austin and surrounding area), thence south into Mexico.
biology At Bald Point, Franklin Co., Florida, I found colonies nesting at a roadside in open sandy soil; and in Mobile, Alabama (in 1942) what was probably this species nesting beneath a whiskey bottle in a vacant lot. Winged reproductives have been found in nests during September and October. Stefan Cover (personal communication) reports that
floridana
"occurs in a
variety
of woodland habitats, nests in soil, litter, and rotten wood, and in both xeric and mesic situations. Colonies are monogynous, may contain 1000 or more ants, and are sometimes polydomous. The species is omnivorous, but does not appear to harvest seeds."
Figure Upper: lectotype, major (damaged specimen; pilosity added from a fresh specimen); the upper dorsal-oblique profile of mesosoma is the lectotype, and the lower profde is a major from Sarasota, Florida. Lower: paralectotype, minor (damaged specimen; pilosity added from a fresh specimen). Scale bars = 1 mm.