Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Author Zhang, Hui-Hong Author Cotton, Adam M. Author Condamine, Fabien L. Author Wang, Rong-Jiang Author Hsu, Yu-Feng Author Duan, Kuang Author Zhang, Xin Author Hu, Shao-Ji text Zootaxa 2020 2020-04-01 4759 1 77 97 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4759.1.5 5973e41e-4808-4a2f-a220-7afe5c899cff 1175-5326 3736008 1EB5FC41-215F-4560-8F17-296F1009F042 Graphium ( Pazala ) parus ( Nicéville, 1900 ) ( Figure 6 ) Papilio parus Nicéville, 1900 ; J. Bomb. nat. Hist. Soc., 13 (1): 172, pl. EE, f. 21; TL: ‘Tse Kou, Western China’ [Yanmen (in the upper Lancang-Mekong valley), Deqen, N.W. Yunnan , China ]. Cosmodesmus tamerlanus incertus O. Bang-Haas, 1927 , Horae Macrolepid., 1: 1, pl. 5, f. 3; TL: ‘ China mer. occ.: Szetschwan, Tatsienlu, Tsekou, Siaolu’ [Kangding, Yanmen, and Washan, Sichuan , SW. China ]. Cosmodesmus tamerlanus taliensis O. Bang-Haas, 1927 , Horae Macrolepid., 1: 2, pl. 5, f. 4; TL: ‘ China mer. occ.: Jünnan , Tali’ [Dali, Yunnan , SW. China ]. Pazala incerta Chou, 1994 ; Monographia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium: 55, 176. [unjustified emendation] Pazala eurous Leech ; Lee, 1995 ; Yunnan Butterflies: 51 (f. 65, n. 4). [misidentification] Pazala tamerlanus Oberthür ; Lee, 1995 ; Yunnan Butterflies: 51 (f. 67, n. 2), 140. [misidentification] FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of G. ( P. ) alebion (Gray, [1853]) from Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii and uncus (lines and arrows indicate the distance measured), V.: right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta. Diagnostic characters: Larger than G. ( P. ) alebion , forewing length: male 33.5–40.5 mm (mean=37.6 ± 1.4 mm , n = 83), female 39.5–42.0 mm (mean = 40.5 ± 1.3 mm , n = 3). Both wings broader, ground colour dull creamy white with a slight greyish tinge; all black markings on both wings rather thick and prominent. Forewing the 1 st , 2 nd , 8 th , 9 th black bands and the terminal (10 th ) black band all reach tornal margin in both sexes; area between the 8 th and 9 th bands distinctively filled by dark scales (the extent varies among individuals but without geographical association) in male, but not in the female (only indicated near the apex); the 7 th band not displaced inward in cell R 4 ; veins CuA 2 to M 2 stained with black distally. Hindwing discal band not broadened towards costa; no whitish small patch at the base of tail in cell M 3 ; tornal yellow spots much smaller and divided on both sides. Distribution: China (W. and N.W. Yunnan , W. Sichuan , and S.E. Tibet : mostly in the upper Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, and Yangtze watersheds); Myanmar (N. Kachin State ). Host plants: Shao-Ji Hu observed females in ovipositing posture around bushes of Litsea chuii var. likiangensis (Lauraceae) in Yulong Xueshan, N.W. Yunnan , but no eggs were collected for rearing to confirm whether this Litsea is its host plant. Male genitalia ( Figure 7 ): In total, 20 male genitalia of specimens collected from Yunnan and Sichuan were dissected, and the general characters were consistent. Highly sclerotized. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus small but moderately sclerotized; socius toothed laterally, distance between the base of socii 0.58–0.70 mm (mean = 0.64 ± 0.05 mm , n = 20). Valve short, oval in general, dorsal terminal harpe long pear-shaped, edge serrate with the base separated; the medial harpe long and slightly curved, the dorsal projection bayonet-shaped with pointed or toothed tip; no tooth in the middle of the medial harpe. Aedeagus long, strongly curved ventrally. Juxta long, weakly sclerotized with hairy membrane on both sides. FIGURE 5. Female genitalia of G. ( P. ) alebion (Gray, [1853]) from Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. FIGURE 6. G. ( P. ) parus ( Nicéville, 1900 ) ; upperside above, underside below; scale bar = 10 mm. A: ♂, Weixi, Yunnan, China; B: ♂, Zhongdian, Yunnan, China; C–D: ♂, Yulong Xueshan, Yunnan, China; E: ♀, ditto; ♂, F: Baoxing, Sichuan, China. FIGURE 7. Male genitalia of G. ( P. ) parus ( Nicéville, 1900 ) from Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, N.W. Yunnan, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii and uncus, V.: right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta. Female genitalia ( Figure 8 ): In total, two females were available for dissection, and the characters are consistent. Lamella postvaginalis small; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, covered with sclerotized wrinkles; ostial lobe much less sclerotized, sac-shaped with a blunt bifurcate tip in lateral view, the posterior margin curved with slight indentations in ventral view, and the ventral surface possesses a pair of small lobes in the median portion.