A review of the subgenera Carinichelonus, Microchelonus, Parachelonus and Stylochelonus of the genus Chelonus Panzer (Braconidae: Cheloninae) with descriptions of twenty-one new species from China Author Zhou, Jin-Jin State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & auzhou @ zju. edu. cn; https // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1563 - 8408 auzhou@zju.edu.cn Author Achterberg, Cornelis Van State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & kees @ vanachterberg. org; https // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6495 - 4853 kees@vanachterberg.org Author Tang, Pu State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Author Chen, Xue-Xin State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. & xxchen @ zju. edu. cn; https // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9109 - 8853 * Corresponding author: ptang @ zju. edu. cn; https // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2296 - 9544 xxchen@zju.edu.cn text Zootaxa 2024 2024-02-16 5412 1 1 127 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5412.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5412.1.1 1175-5334 10675974 DB6DD20F-6EB7-4152-AC80-2F67EE06684B Chelonus ( Microchelonus ) staurorhytis sp. nov. Figs 77–80 Material examined. Holotype : female, Baishanzu , Zhejiang Prov. , China , 20.VII.2003 , Hong Wu, No. 946956 ( ZJUH ) . Paratypes : 1 male , Nanling , Guangdong Prov. , China , 23.VII.2003 , Zaifu Xu, No. 20047714 ; 1 female , Longxi Mt. , Fujian Prov. , China , 16.VII.1991 , Changming Liu, No. 20006982 . Diagnosis. This new species is similar to C. ( M. ) bullatus sp. nov. ( Fig. 15 ) considering the distinctly incurved metasoma, narrowed temples and carapace with yellowish band in basal 1/3, but the two species can be separated by the following characters: posterior excavation of head very deep (> 35%) ( Figs 78G , 80H ) ( versus less deep (25–35%) in C. ( M. ) bullatus ( Fig. 16H )); pterostigma 1.9 × longer than wide ( Figs 78A , 80A ) ( versus 3.1 × ( Fig. 16A )); metasoma in posterior view without convexity ( versus with a plug-like convexity ( Fig. 16F )). Description. Holotype , female, length of body 3.1 mm , of fore wing 2.3 mm . Head. Head transverse, width of head 3.2 × its dorsal length; occiput deeply excavated; antenna slightly widened medially; antennomeres 16, length of 3 rd and penultimate antennomeres 3.5 × and 1.0 × their width, respectively; eye 1.0 × as long as temple in dorsal view; OOL: OD: POL=22: 6: 13; temples narrowed posteriorly; frons and vertex very finely striate-rugose ( Fig. 78G ); face flat, longitudinally punctate-rugose; clypeus evenly convex, transversely striate-rugulose; face 1.9 × wider than high; eyes about parallel ( Fig. 78F ). Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; side of pronotum and mesopleuron moderately reticulate-rugose, ventrally densely setose ( Fig. 78B ); scutellum reticulate-rugose; scutellar suture comparatively deep, narrow, with carinae; propodeum coarsely rugose, lateral tubercles very small and weak ( Fig. 78C ). Wings. Vein r straight; marginal cell 0.8 × as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.1 × longer than wide; r: 3-SR: SR1=12: 13: 48; SR1 straight; marginal cell 2.0 × longer than second submarginal cell; 1-CU1: 2-CU1=11: 27; 2-R1 indistinct ( Fig. 78A ). FIGURE 74. Chelonus ( Microchelonus ) semilunaris ( Tobias, 2000 ) , female. A , fore wing; B , mesosoma, lateral aspect; C , mesosoma, dorsal aspect; D , metasoma, lateral aspect; E , metasoma, dorsal aspect; F , head, anterior aspect; G , head, dorsal aspect; H , antenna; I , head, lateral aspect. FIGURE 75. Chelonus ( Microchelonus ) semilunaris ( Tobias, 2000 ) , male, habitus, lateral aspect. Legs. Hind coxa punctate laterally; length of hind femur and tibia 3.5 × and 3.7 × their maximum width, respectively; length of inner hind tibial spur 0.4 × hind basitarsus. Metasoma. Length of carapace 2.1 × its maximum width in dorsal view, widest at middle, apically rounded; base of carapace striate-rugose, up to middle, posteriorly rugose-striate ( Fig. 78E ); carapace in lateral view 2.6 × longer than high, posteriorly rounded, posterior height of metasoma 1.6 × its anterior height ( Fig. 78D ); apex of metasomal carapace distinctly incurved and ventral opening of carapace 0.7 × as long as carapace. Colour. Body black; antenna bicoloured, 3 rd –8 th antennomeres yellow and remainder of antenna brown, palpi light brown; pterostigma light brown; middle of wing and its veins medium dark brown, but vein 1-M and parastigma light yellowish; legs almost entirely yellowish brown but apex of hind femur and hind coxa dark brown, hind tibia with rather long light base; carapace with yellowish band in basal 1/3. Male. Antennomeres 22, antenna filiform, not widened medially ( Fig. 80I ); temple parallel-sided behind eyes ( Fig. 80H ); metasomal carapace narrowed to apex in dorsal view ( Fig. 80E ) and apically longer dorsally than ventrally ( Fig. 80D ); apical aperture in posterior view medium-sized, nearly round and median process of aperture horizontal and oval ( Fig. 80F ); other characters as in female. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China ( Fujian , Guangdong , Zhejiang ). Etymology. Named after the transversely striate-rugulose clypeus of this species: “ stauros ” is Greek for crosswise, “ rhytis ” is Greek for wrinkle.