Revision of the endemic African genus Dinapsis (Dinapsini, Megalyridae, Hymenoptera) with description of seven new species Author van Noort, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6930-9741 Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000 South Africa & Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa svannoort@iziko.org.za Author Shaw, Scott Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-4594 U. W. Insect Museum, Department of Ecosystem Science and Management (3354), University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming 82071 - 3354, USA Author Copeland, Robert S. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P. O. Box 30772 Nairobi, Kenya & Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA text ZooKeys 2022 2022-07-12 1112 27 122 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1112.82307 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1112.82307 1313-2970-1112-27 66B4E8F06AA1445184C78589B97DD840 B42162CE96565FF6AD6694DB673F49A9 Dinapsis turneri Waterston, 1922 Figs 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 Material examined. Holotype . South Africa • ♀ ; [ Western Cape ], Cape Province , Ceres ; [ 33.358903°S , 19.298398°E ]; Feb. 1921 ; R.E. Turner leg.; Brit. Mus. ; 1921-115; Dinapsis turneri , Waterst. ♀ ; B.M. TYPE HYM 3,a,313, NHMUK 010198789; see slide collection; IMAGED WaspWeb LAS 4.4 SAMC 2015 [yellow label]; Type H.T. [white circular label with red rim] ; HOLOTYPE Dinapsis turneri Waterston [red label]; NHMUK. Additional material. South Africa • 1 ♀ ; Eastern Cape , Asante Sana Game Reserve ; 32°16.762'S , 24°57.309'E ; 1186 m a.s.l. ; 7 Apr. -28 Jul. 2010 ; S. van Noort leg.; Malaise trap ; Southern Karoo Riviere Riverine Woodland ; ASA09-WOO1-M10; SAM-HYM-P043547; SAMC • 1 ♀ ; same data except for 28 Jul. -6 Oct. 2010 ; ASA09-WOO1-M14; SAM-HYM-P043548; SAMC • 2 ♀♀ ; same data except for 6 Oct. 2010 - 17 Jan. 2011 , ASA09-WOO1-M18; SAM-HYM-P043549; SAMC • 1 ♀ ; Eastern Cape , Huntly Glen Farm ; 1065 m a.s.l. ; 32°24.561'S , 25°05.946'E ; 6 Oct. 2010 - 18 Jan. 2011 ; S. van Noort leg.; Yellow pan trap ; Great Fish Thicket ; HUN10-ACA1-Y05; SAM-HYM-P048022; SAMC • 1 ♀ ; Northern Cape , Avontuur Farm , 16 km NW Nieuwoudtville ; 31°16.249'S , 19°02.900'E ; 764 m a.s.l. ; 28 Sep. -29 Dec. 2010 ; S. van Noort leg.; Malaise trap ; Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos ; GL07-FYN1-M152; SAM-HYM-P088316; SAMC • 1 ♀ ; Western Cape , Banghoek Valley , Dwarsriviershoek Farm ; 33°56.824'S , 18°58.123'E ; 400 m a.s.l. ; 7 Oct. -Nov. 2014 ; S. van Noort leg.; Malaise trap ; Mesic Mountain Fynbos; BH12-FYN6-M22; SAM-HYM-P048073; SAMC • 3 ♀♀ ; same data except for 24 Jun. -21 Sep. 2015 ; BH12-FYN6-M30; SAM-HYM-P088348; SAM-HYM-P088349; SAM-HYM-P088350; SAMC • 2 ♀♀ ; same data except for 21 Sep.-3 Nov. 2015 ; BH12-FYN6-M31; SAM-HYM-P086443; SAM-HYM-P088320; SAMC • 1 ♀ ; 1 ♂ ; same data except for 26 Jun. -29 Mar. 2016 ; BH12-FYN6-M34; SAM-HYM-P088351; SAM-HYM-P088352; SAMC . Diagnosis. Scutoscutellar sulci meet transscutal articulation independently. The propodeum is short (twice as wide as long; Fig. 33C ). Forewing with narrow black bands, absent from costal cell; short, dark setae on dorsal surface of mesoscutum. Hind tibial dorsal setae large and white with fewer large black setae scattered between the white setae. Trochanter and trochantellus whitish yellow on all legs. Figure 33. Dinapsis turneri holotype female NHMUK010198789 (NHMUK) A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view D head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral right view E head and mesosoma, lateral left view F right antenna, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1000 µm ( A, B ); 500 µm ( C, D, F ); 200 µm ( E ). Distribution. (Fig. 44 ) South Africa (Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, and Western Cape provinces). Comments. Dinapsis turneri is associated with the Fynbos biome in the Western Cape and the Savanna biome in the Eastern Cape and appears to not be a forest-associated species. Revised description based on holotype and freshly collected specimens. Female. Body length 3-4 mm excluding ovipositor. Colour . Head and mesosoma black. Head with a dense covering of white setae on occiput, brown, more widely spaced setae on face and frons (rubbed off on holotype); mesoscutal plate black, mesosoma black; metasoma dark brown. Scape and pedicel orange-brown, F1-F4 and F8-F12 dark brown, F5-F7 yellowish brown forming a median anellus on antennae. Trochanter and trochantellus whitish yellow, rest of legs black, except tarsi which are lighter. Ovipositor orange-brown; mandibles reddish brown. Eyes and ocelli silvery. Wing membrane clear except for two dark brown pigmented bands across forewing, apical band wide, basal band narrow ca. 1/3 width of apical band with the apical band extending slightly as a medial infuscation towards apical wing margin. Figure 34. Dinapsis turneri holotype female NHMUK010198789 (NHMUK) A mesosoma, lateral right view B head, mesosoma, lateral right view C head, anterior view D head, mesoscutum, dorsal view E head, posterolateral view F hind coxa, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 200 µm ( A, C, D, E ); 500 µm ( B ); 100 µm ( F ). Head oval, 1.25 x wider than high; vertex, frons, and face evenly sparsely punctate, interstices polished and 1-3 x greater than puncture width; ocelli small, OOL twice ocellar diameter; all ocelli bounded by a semi-circular depression on the side facing outer edge of the triangle; ocellar triangle an isosceles (LOL 1.25 x LOL); eye large and slightly protuberant, inner margins nearly parallel in anterior view, but diverging slightly ventrally; eye evenly covered with minute white ocular setae; eye margined posteriorly by foveate groove; postocular orbital carina absent; antenna with 12 flagellomeres having flagellar length/width ratios as follows: F1 = 6, F2 = 5.5, F3 = 5.0, F4 = 5.0, F5-F7 = 4.0, F8 = 4.5, F9 to F11 = 4.0, F12 = 4.5; apical flagellomere wider than basal flagellomeres; temple adjacent to ocular orbital carina punctate-rugulose, temple width 0.75 x eye width in lateral view; malar length 1.5 x mandible width basally; occiput punctate-rugulose in contrast to the polished, sparsely punctate vertex; occipital carina wide and crenulate with large fovea. Figure 35. Dinapsis turneri holotype female NHMUK010198789 (NHMUK) A mesosoma, dorsal view B metasoma, legs, lateral view C hind leg, antiaxial view D wings, dorsal view E ovipositor tip, lateral view F data labels. Scale bars: 200 µm ( A, E ); 500 µm ( B-D ). Mesosoma . Pronotum medially polished, laterally excavated with a row of large oblong foveae situated dorsally, and posteriorly on the margin with the mesopleuron; medially with angled, central tri-radiating rows of foveae, dorsal two arms of fovea joining with dorsal row of fovea circumscribing a medial polished excavation. Mesoscutal anterior plate polished, with a medial row of punctures, and a lateral carina bounded by a shallow foveate groove; mesoscutum 1.18 x wider than long, mesoscutal shoulders evenly rounded, polished, with scattered long setae; mesoscutal lobes hardly evident; medial mesoscutal furrow deep and sinusoidally jagged with fovea; transscutal articulation a smooth furrow, anterior edge crenulated, posterior edge straight; scutoscutellar sulci comprising a line of adjacent large fovea, meeting transscutal articulation independently; scutellar disc medially polished, with scattered erect setae; mesopleuron in lateral view shallowly foveate on edges, except for posterior ventral margin, medially polished with dense long, white setae covering most of mesopleuron, except for glabrous posterior patch; with large median pit. Metanotum with raised, setose medial area flanked anteriorly by narrow foveate depression laterally grading into wider, larger foveae. Propodeum medially with strongly developed transverse carinae between submedian longitudinal carinae, fewer transverse carinae present in lateral longitudinal tracks. Medial track anteriorly with two deep fovea, lateral tracks each anteriorly with two or three deep foveae. Figure 36. Dinapsis turneri holotype female slide-mount NHMUK010198789 (NHMUK) A antenna, lateral view B maxillolabial complex, dorsal view C mandible, posterior view D sitophore and pharyngeal plate on left, structure on the right not identifiable (possibly part of the maxillolabial complex) E wings, dorsal view F slide. Scale bars: 500 µm ( A, E ); 200 µm ( B, C ); 100 µm ( D ). Legs . Apex of fore tibia with comb of stout spines; hind coxa sparsely punctate, densely covered with long, silky, white setae obscuring surface on ventral 1/2; hind femur stout, polished, 2.8 x longer than wide, outer surface of hind femur sparsely, but evenly covered with short, erect, white setae, inner surface of hind femur polished, sparsely punctate with very short setae; surface of elongate (7.5 x longer than wide) hind tibia polished, with long erect white setae dorsally and fewer large black setae scattered between the white setae, shorter setae laterally and ventrally; dorsal setae lacking spatulate tips; inner ventral margin of hind tibia with a dense longitudinal patch of shorter whitish yellow setae; hind basitarsus long, subequal in length to remaining four tarsomeres combined; basitarsus ventrally with dense preening brush consisting of numerous short, whitish yellow setae, inclined anteriorly; basitarsus dorsally with normal scattered long, white setae, lacking spatulate tips; T2 and T3 1.3 x as long as wide, T4 as long as wide, T5 4 x as long as wide; all tarsomeres with normal hair-like setae; tarsal claw simple, strongly curved. Figure 37. Dinapsis turneri non-type female, Asante Sana, SAM-HYM-P043549 (SAMC) A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, lateral view C head, mesosoma, dorsal view D head, mesosoma, lateral view E head, anterior view F head, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1000 µm ( A, B ); 500 µm ( C, D ); 200 µm ( E, F ). Wings . Forewing length 2.9 mm, 2.9 x longer than wide; wing basally with cells R and 1A largely devoid of setae; 1R1, 1M and 2CU with very small, sparse setae compared to wing apical of these cells, which is evenly covered with small, scattered setae; wing clear with two dark pigmented vertical bands. Basal wing band much narrower than apical band, narrowest dorsally widening progressively towards ventral wing margin, covering basal 1/2 of cell 1M, anterior eighth of cells R and 1Cu, extending ventrally to wing margin, covering entire cell 2CU and 3A; apical wing band wider, starting at base of pterostigma, and anterior 1/3 of 1R1, extending apically to cover entire marginal cell 2R1, ventrally to cover entire cell 1+2RS, medially more diffuse, slightly extending towards apical wing margin; extending ventrally with infuscate pigmentation across cells 2+3M and 3CU, to lower wing margin; forewing venation with vein Rs apically curving abruptly towards anterior wing margin to form short, truncate marginal cell 2R1; apical segment of vein M long, extending beyond apex of marginal cell, vein M with small white bulla situated at 0.425 x vein length. Hind wing with apical stub of vein Rs 2/3 of shortest width between the propodeal submedian longitudinal carinae. Figure 38. Dinapsis turneri non-type female, Asante Sana SAM-HYM-P043549 (SAMC) A mesosoma, dorsal view B mesosoma, lateral view C metasoma, dorsal view D metasoma, lateral view E hind leg, antiaxial view F wings, dorsal and ventral view (inset: data labels). Scale bars: 200 µm ( A-E ); 500 µm ( F ). Metasoma in dorsal view 1.57 x longer than wide, with seven dorsally visible terga, all polished; pygostyles long, setose, pale yellow; exposed portion of ovipositor, in lateral view 2.0 x longer than metasomal length; ovipositor sheaths setose, strongly curled (an artefact of preservation). Variation. Male much smaller than female, 2.0 mm body length; flagellum uniformly yellowish brown without medial lighter coloured band section.