The genus Leucophenga (Diptera, Drosophilidae), part I: the abbreviata species group from the Oriental region with morphological and molecular evidence Author Su, Yirui Author Lu, Jinming Author Chen, Hongwei text Zootaxa 2013 3637 3 361 373 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3637.3.8 f1795ddd-2437-46c3-8d8f-2c3430565140 1175-5326 221710 19493296-421C-475E-AA1A-39129F2A4BBF Leucophenga abbreviata (de Meijere, 1911) ( Figs 3 A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 5) Drosophila abbreviata de Meijere, 1911: 400. Drosomyiella abbreviata . Hendel, 1914: 113. Leucophenga ( Leucophenga ) abbreviata . Duda, 1924: 185. Leucophenga abbreviata . Okada, 1966: 18. Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. sujuanae sp. nov. in the patterns of abdominal tergites ( Fig. 4 A), but can be differentiated from it by having the black bands of abdominal second to fifth tergites continuous on posterior margins ( Fig. 4 A), the pleura with a curved, brown longitudinal stripe above (running from base of foreleg to base of halter), but sometimes variable in length ( Fig. 3 C), the aedeagus round apically ( Fig. 5 C). FIGURE 3. Wing, mesonotum, scutellum and pleura of male: A, B, C. Leucophenga abbreviata (de Meijere, 1911); D, E, F. Leucophenga brevivena sp. nov. ; G, H, I. Leucophenga sujuanae sp. nov. ; J, K, L. Leucophenga zhenfangae sp. nov. Description. Mesonotum and scutellum mostly brownish yellow ( Fig. 3 B). Postpronotal lobe yellow. Katepisternum yellowish, pale below ( Fig. 3 C). Halter white basally, grayish brown apically ( Fig. 3 C). Abdominal fifth tergite sometimes nearly entirely black in some Taiwan samples. Male terminalia: Epandrium with sparse pubescence and ca. 8 setae near posterodorsal to ventral margins per side; apodeme developed ( Fig. 5 A). Hypandrium with a few minute sensilla subbasolaterally ( Fig. 5 B). Paramere slender, with a few minute sensilla distally ( Fig. 5 B). Measurements . BL = 3.02–3.82 mm in 63, 2.96–3.40 mm in 5Ƥ, ThL = 1.42–1.52 mm in 3, 1.40–1.48 mm in Ƥ, WL = 2.60–3.11 mm in 3, 2.48–3.00 mm in Ƥ, WW = 1.16–1.47 mm in 3, 1.08–1.24 mm in Ƥ, arb = 5–7/3– 5, avd = 0.79–1.00, adf = 2.50–2.80, flw = 2.00–2.27, FW/HW = 0.30–0.32, ch/o = 0.05 (0.05–0.06), prorb = 0.50– 0.72, rcorb = 0.48–0.78, vb = 0.40–0.55, dcl = 0.50–0.56, presctl = 0.37–0.39, sctl = 1.47–1.52, sterno = 0.60–1.00, orbito = 1.80–2.33), dcp = 0.23–0.25, sctlp = 0.67– 0.71, C = 1.88–2.66, 4c = 0.92–1.16, 4v = 1.25–1.71, 5x = 0.83–1.00, M = 0.21–0.44, C3F = 0.67–0.88. FIGURE 4. Patterns of abdominal tergites of male: A. Leucophenga abbreviata (de Meijere, 1911); B. Leucophenga brevivena sp. nov. ; C. Leucophenga sujuanae sp. nov. ; D. Leucophenga zhenfangae sp. nov. FIGURE 5. Leucophenga abbreviata (de Meijere, 1911), male terminalia. A. Epandrium (epan), cercus (cer) and surstylus (sur) (lateral view); B. Hypandrium (hypd), paramere (pm) and aedeagal apodeme (aed a) (lateral view); C. Aedeagus (aed) and gonopods (gon) (lateral view). Scale lines = 0.1 mm. Specimen examined. CHINA : 1Ƥ (SCAU, No. 122273 ), Maolin, Gaoxiong, Taiwan , alt. 300m , 3.vi.2011 , XY Liu; 831Ƥ (SCAU, Nos. 122300 – 122308 ), Xiushan, Nantou, Taiwan , 23°46ʹN, 120°45ʹE, alt. 350m , 18.x.2012 , swept from tree trunks and tussock, HW Chen, JJ Gao; 131Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122309 –10), Zhiben, Taidong, Taiwan , 23°10ʹN, 121°03ʹE, 30.x.2012 , alt. 340m , swept from tree trunk, HW Chen; 14312Ƥ (SCAU, Nos. 122274 – 122299 ), Huolushan, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 24°50ʹN, 123°52ʹE, alt. 230m , 19.iii.2005 , 5.iv.2005 , JJ Jiang, MF Xu; 8313Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122311 –31), Dinghushan, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, 24.xi.2004 , 15.iv.2005 , HL Cao, HW Chen, MF Xu; 13 (SCAU, No. 122334 ), Jianfengling, Ledong, Hainan, 18°41ʹN, 108°52ʹE, alt. 940m , 24.iv.2007 , T Li; 131Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122332 , 33), Bapeng, Fusui, Guangxi, 22°05ʹN, 107°32ʹE, alt. 220m , 18.viii.2004 , HW Chen; 236Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122357 –64), Zhengxing, Jinggu, Yunnan, 22°49ʹN, 100°02ʹE, alt. 1100m , 24.vii.2009 , L Wang, L Wu; 9315Ƥ (434Ƥ in KIZ; 5311Ƥ in SCAU, Nos 122335 –50), Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 21°41ʹN, 101°25ʹE, alt. 700m , 12.ix.2002 , 24–26.xii.2003, 17.iv.2007 , 12.iv.2010 , 27, 28.ix.2011 , HW Chen, JJ Gao, YR Su, L Wang, L Wu; 135Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122351 –56), Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, 21°28ʹN, 101°38ʹE, alt. 600m , 13.iv.2010 , JJ Gao, YR Su. Distribution. China ( Taiwan , Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan), Myanmar , Nepal , India (Orissa), Sri Lanka , Malaysia , Singapore , Indonesia (Sumatra, Java). Leucophenga brevivena sp. nov. ( Figs 3 D, 3E, 3F, 4B, 6) Diagnosis. This species is similar to L. zhengfangae in the patterns of abdominal tergites ( Fig. 4 B), but can be differentiated from it by having the mesonotum mostly yellowish brown and the scutellum brown ( Fig. 3 E), the pleura with a dark brown longitudinal stripe above ( Fig. 3 F), the katepisternum dark brown above, yellow below ( Fig. 3 F), the aedeagus acute apically ( Fig. 6 C). Description. Halter white basally, brownish distally ( Fig. 3 F). Abdominal tergites brownish; second yellow medially and a small patch laterally; third and fourth each with narrow bands on anterior margins and a small patch laterally ( Fig. 4 B). Male terminalia: Epandrium with pubescence except for anterior margin and ca. 10 setae near posterodorsal to ventral margins per side; apodeme developed ( Fig. 6 A). Hypandrium with a few minute, sensilla subbasolaterally ( Fig. 6 B). Paramere slender, with a few minute sensilla distally ( Fig. 6 B). Measurements . BL = 3.60 mm in the holotype (range in 23 and 2Ƥ paratypes : 3.08–3.80 mm in 3, 3.20–3.40 mm in Ƥ), ThL = 1.60 mm ( 1.40–1.80 mm in 3, 1.28–1.60 mm in Ƥ), WL = 2.88 mm ( 2.16–3.08 mm in 3, 2.68 mm in Ƥ), WW = 1.36 mm (1.00– 1.40 mm in 3, 1.08–1.24 mm in Ƥ), arb = 7/4 (7–8/4–6), avd = 0.77 (0.67–0.83), adf = 2.60 (2.20–2.40), flw = 2.20 (2.00–2.20), FW/HW = 0.29 (0.27–0.31), ch/o = 0.06 (0.05–0.06), prorb = 0.67 (0.59–0.81), rcorb = 0.72 (0.65–0.79), vb = 0.63 (0.42–0.67), dc1 = 0.48 (0.44–0.52), presct1 = 0.58 (0.47–0.55), sct1 = 0.90 (0.90–1.29), sterno = 0.79 (0.82–0.92), orbito = 1.20 (1.17–1.75), dcp = 0.52 (0.32–0.67), sct1p = 0.77 (0.73–1.25), C = 2.33 (1.60–2.37), 4c = 0.94 (0.77–1.00), 4v = 1.06 (1.04–1.29), 5x = 0.67 (0.56–1.00), ac = 3.25 (3.25–5.33), M = 0.31 (0.16–0.33), C3F = 0.67 (0.56–0.68). Type material. Holotype 3 (SCAU, No. 122365 ), CHINA : Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, alt. 700m , 12.ix.2002 , HW Chen. Paratypes : 232Ƥ (SCAU, Nos 122366 –69), same data as holotype . Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: brevis (= short) and vena (= vein), referring to the M1 not reaching wing margin. Distribution. China (Yunnan).