Taxonomy of subtidal marine Polyclads from Tabarka (northwest Tunisia) with remarks on their habitat preferences
Author
Gammoudi, Mehrez
Author
Ahmed, Raja Ben
Author
Tekaya, Saïda
text
Ecologica Montenegrina
2016
2016-10-17
9
1
9
journal article
53726
10.37828/em.2016.9.1
d7b505fd-c8c2-4bcd-bed4-09b056a6de95
2336-9744
8033329
Prosthiostomum siphunculus
(Delle Chiaje, 1822)
Lang, 1884
General features.
The worm is of elongated oval shape rounded anteriorly and tiped posteriorly. The dorsal surface is smooth brownish (
Fig. 3a
). Tubular pharynx is located in the second fourth of body. Usually, the animal protrudes its pharynx as a reaction to fixation. Marginal eyes form a semi circle band located in the anterior part of body (
Fig. 3b
). Cerebral eyes are larger than marginal ones and form two clusters included in the semi circle formed by the marginal eyes (
Fig. 3b
). The ventral surface is whitish transparent and shows the tubular muscular pharynx, two genital pores and a well developed sucker located
1mm
behind female genital pore.
Ecol. Mont., 9,
2016, 1-9
Reproductive apparatus.
Testes are numerous and are scattered mainly in ventral parenchyma more than dorsal one. The ovaries are bigger in size and lie more or less dorsally. The male gonopore leads to a horizontal male antrum housing the pointed strong stylet (
Fig. 3d, e
). The usual eosinophilous granulations indicatives of prostatic secretions are observed in the wall around the stylet supported by small penis papillae (
Fig. 3e
). The latter receive the ejaculatory duct from seminal vesicle and the two prostatic ducts from paired free prostatic vesicles (accessory vesicles) (
Fig. 3c
). The two vesicles are round muscular bodies with narrow lumen and muscularized wall formed by circular fibres (
Fig. 3c
).
Figure 2.
Echinoplana celerrima
.
a
Dorsal view. Scale bar = 1mm.
b
Cerebral
ce
and tentacular eyes
te
. Scale bar = 1mm.
c
Section through comb-shaped corrugated surface
cs.
Scale bar = 1mm.
d
Section through cirrus sac
cs
showing cirrus provided with sclerotized spines
arrows.
Scale bar = 1mm. Cirrus lumen
cl
e
details of sclerotized spines
arrows.
Scale bar = 1mm.
f
Follicular testis showing differents germ cells. Scale bar = 10µ.
g
Section through uterus filled with eggs
arrows
. Scale bar = 10µ.
Figure 3.
Prosthiostomum siphunculus
a
Dorsal view. Scale bar = 1mm.
b
Anterior region showing the arrangement of eyes. Note the presence of marginal eyes
me
and two clusters of cerebral eyes
ce.
Scale bar =10µ.
c
Ventral view of anterior region showing the paired prostatic vesicles pv. Prostatic canal
pc.
Scale bar =10µ.
d
Ventral view of anterior region showing the prominent stylet
st.
male
gonopore
mg,
prostatic canal
pc.
Scale bar = 10µ.
e
section through male apparatus. Prostatic vesicle
pv
, male atrium
ma
, male gonopore
mg
, stylet
st,
median intestine
mi.
Scale bar = 10µ.
f
Section through female genital apparatus, note the presence of cement pouch
cp
in the vagina. female gonopre
fg
, main intestine
mi.
Scale bar =10µ.
The main feature of the female genital apparatus is the presence of cement pouch characteristic of sub-order Cotylea (
Fig. 3 f
). The vagina is oriented vertically and it is connected with two uteri. The sucker is well developed and lies
1 mm
behind female genital pore (
Fig. 3e
).
Habitat.
The single specimen of
Prosthiostomum siphunculus
was found creeping on a stone from a depth of
29m
.
The associated fauna included the sea urchin
Paracentrotus lividus
,
the sea cucumber
Holothuria (Roweothuria) polii
(Delle Chiaje, 1824)
and the polychaete
Protula tubularia
(Montagu, 1803)