Serina Gredler (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora: Enidae), the continuous-peristomed mountain snails endemic to the eastern slope of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Author Wu, Min Author Xu, Qin text Zootaxa 2013 3620 1 43 66 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3620.1.2 60ae7d68-88b7-4da4-acae-6e4cda073ea0 1175-5326 283400 3870AC9F-A4EE-4E36-86C7-E1D6967A2A2E 2. Serina cathaica Gredler, 1898 Figs. 1 , 2 B–C; Tables 1 , 3 Serina cathaica Gredler, 1898a: 11 , T. F. 7. Serina cathaica— Gredler, 1898b: 106. Yen, 1939: 87, pl. 8, fig. 20. Yen, 1942: 255. Chen, Zhou, Luo & Zhang, 2003: 442. Buliminus ( Serina ) cathaicus— Möllendorff, 1901: 360, pl.16, figs. 11–14. Kobelt, 1902: 862, pl. 123, figs. 11–14. Type locality. Between Yulinkuan and Wenxian (Gansu) . Material examined. ZI RAS (not numbered): 1 juv. NHM-1902.5.13.19 Reg.: 1 fms (measurements: wh 9.000, h 10.6 mm , w 2.8 mm , aph 3.0 mm, aw 2.4 mm ); Gansu. SMF-42046: 4 fms. Distribution. S Gansu. Diagnosis. Shell with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl. Whorls with a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Last whorl ascending immediately near aperture; straight at periphery; completely attached to body whorl. Aperture not duplicate. FIGURE 2. A. Serina belae (Hilber, 1883) , SMF-42069, paratype, Bangda. B, C. Serina cathaica Gredler, 1898 : B. SMF- 42046, between Yue-lin-kuan and Wen-hsien. C. NHM-1902.5.13.19. D. Clausiliopsis szechenyi (Böttger, 1883) , syntype of B . sobrina Preston , NHM-1912.3.26.9, Gansu. E – J. Serina egressa Sturany, 1900 . E. NHM-1902.5.13.21, Gansu. F. HBUMM- 05426–specimen 21, Wenxian . G. HBUMM-05426–specimen 23, Wenxian . H. SMF-42038 (from type locality, between Yuelin-kuan and Wen-hsien). I. HBUMM-5673–specimen 22, Lianghekou. J. HBUMM-5673–specimen 23, Lianghekou. K – O. Serina prostoma (Ancey, 1884) . K. NHM-1912.6.27.69–71. L. A paratype of Buliminus ( Holcauchen ) tubios Annandale, 1924 , NHM-1923.5.24.17–36, Gorge of Mekong above Yangtze. M. SMF-42050, paratype, Dshy-kow. N. HBUMM- 04296–specimen 25, Yanjing. O. HBUMM- 04296–specimen 24, Yanjing. TABLE 1. Shell measurements of Serina species (specimen lots: Serina belae , SMF-42069; S. cathaica , SMF-42046; S . egressa , HBUMM- 05426+ 05464+ 05538+ 05563+ 05648+ 0 5673, SMF-42038; S . prostoma , NHM-1912.6.27.69- 71+1923.5.24.17-36, SMF-42050, HBUMM- 04287- +04296; S . ser , SMF-42036; S . subser , HBUMM- 00287+ 05796+ 05709+ 0 5392, SMF-42041; S . soluta , SMF-42095+ 42096 ( S . soluta “ inflata ”), SMF- 42048 + 42049 ( S . soluta “ stenochila ”), SMF42047, HBUMM- 04318; S . vincentii , SMF 42032; S . denticulata n. sp. , HBUMM- 00281).

Species	n	Wh	Ewh	H (mm)	W (mm)
Serina belae	1	9 5/8	1 5/8	12.4	3.9
S. cathaica	4	8 1/8–8 3/8–8 5/8	1 1/4–1 1/2+–2	9.7–10.4–11.4	2.8–3.0–3.3
S. egressa	114	8–9 1/8+–10 1/2	1 1/2–1 3/4—2 1/8	10.1–11.5–14.1	3.1–3.7–4.2
S. prostoma	45	7 7/8–8 1/2–9 1/4	1 5/8–1 7/8+–2 1/8	11.2–13.3–14.9	3.4–4.5–5.5
S. ser	6	8 3/4–9 1/8–9 5/8	1 1/2–1 5/8-–1 3/4	12.2–13.0–14.5	4.1–4.6–4.9
S. subser	48	8 1/4–9 3/8-–11	1 1/2–1 3/4-–2	10.6–12.1–14.4	3.1–3.6–4.1
S. soluta	18	7 1/2–8 1/2-–9	1 1/2–1 5/8+–1 7/8	11.9–13.2–14.3	4.6–5.2–5.8
S. vincentii	3	6 7/8–7 1/8–7 1/2	1 1/2-1 1/2-1 1/2	8.0–8.6–8.9	5.0–5.1–5.3
S. denticulata n. sp.	19	8 1/8–8 3/4-–9 1/4	1 5/8–1 3/4+–2	10.2–11.5–13.9	3.5–3.9–4.5
continued.
Species	n	H/W	Aph (mm)	Apw (mm)	H/Aph
Serina belae	1	3.17	3.3	2.8	3.71
S. cathaica	4	3.30–3.45–3.68	2.7–2.9–3.4	2.0–2.4–2.8	3.37–3.59–3.83
S. egressa	114	2.62–3.09–3.66	2.9–3.3–3.7	2.3–2.9–3.4	2.91–3.41–4.14
S. prostoma	45	2.53–2.96–3.50	3.2–3.9–4.5	2.8–3.5–3.9	2.99–3.41–4.02
S. ser	6	2.66–2.83–2.96	3.5–3.9–4.7	3.1–3.4–4.0	3.11–3.38–3.52
S. subser	48	2.58–3.35–4.21	2.7–3.3–3.7	2.1–2.6–3.0	3.29–3.68–4.44
S. soluta	18	2.32–2.57–2.79	3.7–4.0–4.6	2.8–3.1–3.7	2.91–3.32–3.51
S. vincentii	3	1.61–1.66–1.69	3.5–3.7–3.9	3.5–3.6–3.7	2.30–2.30–2.50
S. denticulata n. sp.	19	2.66–2.94–3.35	3.0–3.5–3.8	2.5–2.8–3.0	2.96-3.30-3.82

TABLE 2. Measurements of genitalia of some Serina species (unit: mm; measured specimens: S . egressa , 2; S . prostoma , 2; S . subser , 2; S . denticulata n. sp. , 1).

Species	P	Ep	Fl	VD	Va	FO	BCD	BC	D	A-1+A-2 A-3	A-4+A-5
S . egressa	1.2 0.8	15.8 12.2	0.1 0.2	3.9 4.9	0.8 0.6	1.9 1.4	14.9 13.5	1.2 0.9	2.5 1.9	1.6 0.8 1.6 0.5	4.5 3.6
S . prostoma	2.5 2.1	3.9 6.6	0.6 0.6	4.5 5.5	1.6 2.6	1.6 2.1	2.3 2.5	1.6 2.3	3.5 3.6	1.4 0.4 1.5 0.2	4.3 4.3
S . subser	1.0 0.9	9.8 7.1	0.3 0.2	7.7 4.4	0.7 1.1	3.3 0.9	9.3 13.2	1.5 1.5	5.1 6.3	1.6 0.5 0.5 0.3	5.7 6.4
S . denticulata n. sp.	0.8	10.2	0.3	5.6	1.0	1.5	11.1	1.9	5.3	1.0 1.1	8.9

Shell. Turrited, or ovate-turriform; dextral; with apex not abruptly pointed; with the most swollen part occurred at penultimate whorl; height 9.7–10.4–11.4, diameter major 2.8–3.0–3.3, ratio of height /diameter major 3.30–3.45–3.68. Growth lines fine and clear. Whorls 8 1/8–8 3/8–8 5/8, convex; with a narrow, defined zone below the suture. Embryonic shell 1 1/4–1 1/2+–2 whorls. Postnuclear whorls smooth. Last whorl ascending immediately near aperture; straight at periphery; with a rugate region with abapertural crowded and/or thickened growthline-like folds. Aperture in a plane and straight; ovate; almost vertical; completely attached to body whorl; height 2.7–2.9–3.4, width 2.0–2.4–2.8, ratio of shell height /apertural height 3.37–3.59–3.83. Aperture not duplicate. Peristome and parietal callus almost completely fusing except for a channel at upper insertion of peristome. Reflexed part of peristome straight and not curved backward. Abapertural peripheral depression on body whorl spirally extending for ca. 1 whorl. Columellar margin reflexed. Columella arched. Umbilicus narrowly open. Shell uniformly chestnut, with aperture identically or brightly coloured. Measured specimens: SMF-42046, 4 shells.