The epigean Australasian species of Neobidessodes gen. n. diving beetles- a revision integrating morphology, cybertaxonomy, DNA taxonomy and phylogeny (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Bidessini) Author HENDRICH, LARS Author HAWLITSCHEK, OLIVER Author BALKE, MICHAEL text Zootaxa 2009 2009-11-12 2288 1 1 41 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2288.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.2288.1.1 1175-5326 10093582 Neobidessodes Hendrich & Balke gen.n. ( Figs 1–21 ) Type species . Bidessus denticulatus Sharp, 1882 by present designation. Diagnosis. Neobidessodes Hendrich & Balke gen.n. is assigned to the Bidessini based on the bisegmented parameres of the aedeagus ( Figs 17 , 18 ) ( Biström 1988 ). It is a genus of small to medium sized Bidessini ( 2.3–4.2 mm ), in Australia now represented by eight species and by one species in southern New Guinea . Etymology. The name Neobidessodes is derived from the Greek word Neo [new] and Bidessodes , a valid genus name for a group of Neotropical predaceous water beetles. Its gender is masculine. The new genus is well separated from all other Bidessini by the combination of the following combination of characters: 1) body elongate oval; 2) basal pronotal striae in some species absent or fine, in others sharply incised, oblique, not connected by a transverse groove; 3) elytra lacking basal striae and sutural striae; 4) epipleura lacking transverse carina; 5) head lacking cervical line and its foremargin not bordered; 6) prosternal process broad, distinctly excavated and marginated; 7) inner margin of both metacoxal wings strongly ridged; 8) hind margin of abdominal ventrites 3–5 without row of minor irregular dentate processes; 9) well-developed finger-like apical lobe on distal segment of paramere. All but two ( N. limestonensis and N. gutteridgei ) of the species studied have a more or less contrasting black/yellow surface. The ground pattern of these species includes various yellow or reddish spots ( Figs 1–12 ). The median lobes are simple and very elongate, in ventral view strongly tapered or rounded at tip. The Neotropical genus Bidessodes can be separated from Australian Neobidessodes gen.n. by having 1) a non excavated and marginated prosternal process, and 2) a visible distinct row of minor irregular dentate processes on the hind margin of the abdominal ventrites 3–5. Molecular systematics. Our phylogenetic analyses show ( Fig. 27 ) that Neobidessodes gen.n. is not part of the Allodessus / Limbodessus , the Uvarus / Gibbidessus / Kakadudessus or the Leiodytes / Clypeodytes clades. It is rather part of a separate lineage sister to the first two clades. The DNA sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 and 16S rRNA genes also show that Neobidessodes gen.n. does not belong to any of the known Oriental and Australasian Bidessini genera (the morphologically strongly deviating Borneodessus Balke, Hendrich, Mazzoldi & Biström, 2002 was not available for sequencing). Our data show that Australian Neobidessodes gen.n. are not closely related to South American Bidessodes and recognition of Neobidessodes gen.n. does not create paraphyly among other Australasian genera. This result is well supported in all analyses ( Fig. 27 ). Essentially the same tree topology was recovered with different analytical approaches (maximum likelihood, parsimony and Bayesian probabilities as implemented in MrBayes, Fig. 27 , node support values). Remarks. The placement of the two stygobitic species in this genus was primarily based on evidence from cox1 and 16S sequence data ( Watts & Humphreys 2003 ) which suggested a relationship of the two species with N. bilita ( Watts, 1978 ) , N. mjobergi ( Zimmermann, 1922 ) and/or N. flavosignatus ( Zimmermann, 1922 ) . A subsequent, comprehensive analysis of Australian stygobitic Bidessini and their epigean relatives ( Leys et al . 2003 ) suggests a sister-group relation of the stygobitic and the epigean Neobidessodes (under the name Bidessodes at the time). There are no morphological characters that would negate their placement in Neobidessodes as currently defined. Our species level cox1 data analysis ( Fig. 28 ) confirms the sister-group relationship between stygobitic and epigean Neobidessodes .