Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World Author Oliveira, Fábio G. L. Author Cipola, Nikolas G. Author Almeida, Eduardo A. B. text Insect Systematics & Evolution 2020 2020-01-02 51 81 138 journal article 10.1163/1876312X-00002201 63257f64-79ba-4237-86d2-151af268a7c7 1876-312X 3786728 ABEAF11E-128B-4EC9-A3A9-94A2B7D08165 Salina maculipenis sp.n. Oliveira & Cipola Figures 9E , 10E , 11E , 12E , 13E , 14B and H , 15E , 16E , 18 A-B, 19G ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/ A705FAA7-2E57-4749-817E-D04B82B33575 Diagnosis Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band and Abd IV with a penis-shaped spot, legs yellowish; Ant I with 5 mac; cephalic groove with 2 serrated mic, without smooth chaetae; Th II–Abd I with 3–6, 3–4, 1–2 central mac, respectively; Abd III with 3 lateral mac ( am6 , pm6 , p6 ); Abd IV with 8 central mac ( A3–5 absent) and lateral 12 mac; collophore with 11 anterior, 2 posterior and 15 lateral flap chaetae; trochanteral organ with 14 spine-like chaetae; manubrial plate with 3 chaetae. Type material Holotype ♂ on slide (COLLE 045/INPA): Brazil , Rio Grande do Sul , Estrela Velha municipality, villa “Itaúba”, margin of river “Jacuizinho”, 29°16’43.9”S , 53°08’40.3”W , Atlantic Forest , 145 m , 13-14.i.2015 , Malaise-trap , K Schoeninger coll. Paratypes on slides (COLLE 045A-C/INPA): 2 ♂ and 1 ♀ and 1 specimen in alcohol, same data as holotype . Additional examined material 2 ♂ and 1 ♀ in on slide (INPA): Brazil , Paraná , Medianeira municipality, neighborhood “Condá”, 25°16’39”S , 54°06’03”W , urban region, 415m , 05-07.v.2015 , plate trap , NG Cipola coll. Description Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.9 mm. Specimens pale white with dark blue pigments on anterior head, Ant I–II distally and Ant IV; orange pigments on basal Ant IV, Ant I–II medially, lateral head, Th II anteriorly, Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band, Abd III and IV posteriorly with one lateral spot, Abd IV with one central strong spot resembling a human penis; Abd V posteriorly, and distal half of the femur to tibiotarsus; eyepatches yellow and black ( Figure 9E ). Head. Ant I dorsally with 5 mac and 5 basal spiny smooth mic ( Figure 10E ). Posterior labial chaetotaxy series ‘CG’ with 6 ciliate chaetae ( CG 1–3 , CG 5 , CG 6p–7 ) and 2 serrated mic ( CG 4 , CG 6 ); series ‘PLM’ with 2 ciliate chaetae ( PLM 1–2 ); series ‘PLE’ with 2 ciliate chaetae ( PLE 1–2 ); lateral side with about 17 ciliate chaetae ( Figure 11E ). Dorsal chaetotaxy. Th II with 1 ‘m’ mac present or absent ( m1 ), 3–5 ‘p’ mac ( p1i , p1–4 ), p1i and p2 present or absent. Th III with 4–5 ‘p’ mac ( p1i , p1–3 , p5 ), p1 present or absent ( Figure 12E ). Abd I with 1–2 ‘m’ mac ( m3 , m4 ), m4 present or absent ( Figure 13E ). Abd III with 2 ‘m’ mac ( am6 , pm6 ); 1 ‘p’ mac ( p6 ) and 1 ‘p’ mes (p7i) ( Figure 14B ). Abd IV with 2 ‘A’ mac ( A1 , A6 ); 1 ‘Ae’ mac ( Ae1 ); 3 ‘B’ mac ( B3–5 ); 1 ‘Be’ mac ( Be1 ); 1 ‘C’ mac ( C1) ; 4 ‘E’ mac ( E1-4 ); 4 ‘F’ mac ( F1–F3p ); 4 ‘Fe’ mac ( Fe1–3 , Fe6 ); posterior side with 3 sens type IV ( ps and two unnamed) ( Figure 14H ). Abd V with 2 ‘a’ mac ( a3 , a5 ); 2–3 ‘m’ mac ( m2–3 , m5 ), m3 present or absent; and 2 ‘p’ mac ( p4-5 ) ( Figure 15E ). Appendages. Trochanteral organ with 14 smooth spine-like chaetae ( Figure 16E ). Collophore anterior side with 3 subapical mac of equal length, and 8 proximal smooth mic; posterior side with 1 apical and 1 subapical smooth chaetae; lateral flap formula 4(s), 6(m), 5(i) smooth chaetae, 2 inferior larger ( Figures 18 A-B). Manubrial plate with 2 chaetae ( Figure 19C ). Mucro with 4 teeth ( d1 , ap , v1-2 ) ( Figure 19G ). Etymology The name “maculipenis”, from Latin, refers to the human peniform dorsal spot on abdomen IV of this new species. Remarks Salina maculipenis sp.n. resembles S. tocantinensis sp.n. in general morphology, and dorsal chaetotaxy of Th II–III with at least 3 central mac, Abd I with 1 or more central mac, and Abd IV with 8 central mac. However, S. maculipenis sp.n. differs from S. tocantinensis sp.n. by dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd III with 3 lateral mac ( 6 in S. tocantinensis sp.n. ) and Abd IV with 4 mac in ‘Fe’ series ( 2 in S. tocantinensis sp.n. ). Others characteristics that differs S. maculipenis sp.n. from S. tocantinensis sp.n. are Ant I with 5 mac ( 4 in S. tocantinensis sp.n. ), cephalic groove with 2 serrated mic ( 1 in S. tocantinensis sp.n. ), manubrial plate with 3 chaetae ( 2 in S. tocantinensis sp.n. ), and collophore with 11 anterior chaetae (3 mac subequal), while in S. tocantinensis sp.n. has 7 anterior chaetae (1 mac smaller). The color pattern of S. maculipenis sp.n. also differs by Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band and Abd IV with a penis-shaped spot, while in S. tocantinensis sp.n. has blue spots on body and legs. For additional information, refer to Table 2 .