<document id="FBF9D576A1C64A1080D9C48A40B77098" ID-CLB-Dataset="21712" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.661" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3041710b-7086-4d82-b50f-88a69663c8e4" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3888846" ID-ZooBank="0EB6286C-D047-4846-9983-7917616B606E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1591816778565" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Leduc, Daniel, Zhao, Zeng Qi &amp; Sinniger, Frederic" docDate="2020" docId="03C3806AFFCB8A1AFDE1735AFAA411FA" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-661_leduc_zhao_sinniger.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 661" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Lauratonematidae Gerlach 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFFAF812FFC18A10FFCD7152FFEC150F" masterDocTitle="Halanonchus scintillatulus sp. nov. from New Zealand and a review of the suborder Trefusiina (Nematoda: Enoplida)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698842297955" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="998DC9A6CDEB06EB8D50B43FD957C4B0">Halanonchus scintillatulus sp. nov. from New Zealand and a review of the suborder Trefusiina (Nematoda: Enoplida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B319B4518D66E041C6D1A4DFC0387B1">Leduc, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C1845F3875D8D9B2100E015FA86D0721">National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 14 - 901, New Zealand. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 9393949 F- 3426 - 4 EE 2 - 8 BDE-DEFFACE 3 D 9 BC &amp; Corresponding author: Daniel. Leduc @ niwa. co. nz</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C799C7C7FEFD544096C40AEC1CBA30C4">Zhao, Zeng Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="532F604D8215691D11B0D2FBCBA1C29E">Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. &amp; Email: ZhaoZ @ landcareresearch. co. nz &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: F 5 BEE 9 FD- 801 A- 49 C 6 - 9585 - C 765 EE 77 A 123</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="05EC709D03F8C2D24A18C5DD446712B6">Sinniger, Frederic</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="711D7439766194931F5B4007F5FF671E">Tropical Biosphere Research Centre, University of the Ryukyus, Motobu, Okinawa, Japan. &amp; Email: fredsinniger @ gmail. com &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 28 A 9340 C- 0 CC 3 - 4365 - 8 FB 2 - 1313 DCE 04 C 73</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9FE3387BE7DB488EE351B067AE813A5C" type="email">fredsinniger@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<treatment id="03C3806AFFCB8A1AFDE1735AFAA411FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5616613" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164500984" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5616613" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C3806AFFCB8A1AFDE1735AFAA411FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C3806AFFCB8A1AFDE1735AFAA411FA" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="C37062F7FFCB8A1AFDE1735AFBE4172D" box="[556,1032,519,546]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD5317CFFCB8A1AFDE1735AFBE4172D" blockId="10.[556,1032,519,546]" box="[556,1032,519,546]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D09D8610FFCB8A1AFDE1735AFBE4172D" box="[556,1032,519,546]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="2">
Family 
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFD4B735AFBE4172D" authority="Gerlach, 1953" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1953" box="[646,1032,519,546]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">
Lauratonematidae 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFCAC735AFBE4172D" author="Gerlach S. A." box="[865,1032,519,546]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="43 - 52" refId="ref19019" refString="Gerlach S. A. 1953. Lauratonema nov. gen., Vertreter einer neuen Familie mariner Nematoden aus dem Kustengrundwasser. Zoologischer Anzeiger 151: 43 - 52." type="journal article" year="1953">Gerlach, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37062F7FFCB8A1AFF70731BFB4416A4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD5317CFFCB8A1AFF70731BFD5F176C" blockId="10.[189,691,585,612]" box="[189,691,585,612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFF70731BFEDA176C" bold="true" box="[189,310,585,611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(emended from 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFE357318FD46176C" author="Lorenzen S." box="[504,682,585,612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref20257" refString="Lorenzen S. 1981. Entwurf eines phylogenetischen Systems der freilebenden Nematoden. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven 7: 1 - 472." type="journal article" year="1981">Lorenzen 1981</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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Cuticle distinctly striated. Metanemes absent. Outer labial setae and cephalic setae arranged in one circle. Amphideal fovea non-spiral, pocket- or club-shaped. Buccal cavity usually cuticularized; funnel-shaped pharyngostoma, sometimes with small teeth, cheilostoma cylindrical, shallow or deep. Secretory-excretory system either restricted to pharyngeal region or extends further posteriorly. Female reproductive system monodelphic with anterior reflexed ovary to the left of the intestine; vulva located very close to anus (
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFE7E727AFD6C164D" authorityName="De Coninck" authorityYear="1965" box="[435,640,808,834]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonemoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFE7E727AFD6C164D" box="[435,640,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonemoides</emphasis>
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) or ending in the cloaca (
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFC07727AFB84164E" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1953" box="[970,1128,808,833]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFC07727AFB84164E" box="[970,1128,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFB67727AFA89164D" authorityName="Tchesunov" authorityYear="1984" box="[1194,1381,808,834]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonemella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFB67727AFA89164D" box="[1194,1381,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<collectingRegion id="49AEFF9EFFCB8A1AFF707219FF15166A" box="[189,249,843,869]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Male</collectingRegion>
reproductive system monorchic or diorchic, posterior testis always to the right of the intestine; precloacal supplements absent. Spicules short, straight or only slightly bent; gubernaculum present or absent. Caudal glands lie completely within the tail. Tail conical or conicocylindrical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<heading id="D09D8610FFCB8A1AFF707281FEA616E2" bold="true" box="[189,330,979,1005]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFF707281FEA616E2" bold="true" box="[189,330,979,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="54D18FDEFFCB8A1AFF707281FF1616E2" box="[189,250,979,1005]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
genus
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5317CFFCB8A1AFF707550FDFC1113" blockId="10.[189,528,1025,1052]" box="[189,528,1025,1052]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFF707550FDE01113" authority="Gerlach, 1953" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1953" box="[189,524,1025,1052]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFF707550FEB71114" box="[189,347,1026,1051]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFEAF7553FDE01113" author="Gerlach S. A." box="[354,524,1025,1052]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="43 - 52" refId="ref19019" refString="Gerlach S. A. 1953. Lauratonema nov. gen., Vertreter einer neuen Familie mariner Nematoden aus dem Kustengrundwasser. Zoologischer Anzeiger 151: 43 - 52." type="journal article" year="1953">Gerlach, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37062F7FFCB8A1AFF707511FAA411FA" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD5317CFFCB8A1AFF707511FEC31152" blockId="10.[189,303,1091,1117]" box="[189,303,1091,1117]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D09D8610FFCB8A1AFF707511FEC31152" bold="true" box="[189,303,1091,1117]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFF707511FEC31152" bold="true" box="[189,303,1091,1117]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD5317CFFCB8A1AFF707520FAA411FA" blockId="10.[189,1399,1137,1269]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFF707520FE6A1184" author="Lorenzen S." box="[189,390,1137,1164]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref20257" refString="Lorenzen S. 1981. Entwurf eines phylogenetischen Systems der freilebenden Nematoden. Veroffentlichungen des Instituts fur Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven 7: 1 - 472." type="journal article" year="1981">Lorenzen (1981)</bibRefCitation>
states that this family is characterised by a monorchic male reproductive system; however, more recent species descriptions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFD0C75C6FC6411A1" author="Tchesunov A. V." box="[705,904,1172,1198]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="79 - 96" refId="ref21656" refString="Tchesunov A. V. 1984. Data for a revision of marine free-living nematodes of the family Lauratonematidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Science (Leningrad) 126: 79 - 96." type="journal article" year="1984">Tchesunov 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFC5875C6FBD211A1" author="Fadeeva N." box="[917,1086,1172,1198]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="33 - 39" refId="ref18774" refString="Fadeeva N. 1989. Free-living nematode family Lauratonematidae (Nematoda Enoplida) from the Sea of Japan. Biologicheskie Nauki 33 - 39." type="book chapter" year="1989">Fadeeva 1989</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFB8675C6FAC411A0" author="Chen Y. &amp; Guo Y." box="[1099,1320,1172,1199]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1777 - 1788" refId="ref17661" refString="Chen Y. &amp; Guo Y. 2015. Two new species of Lauratonema (Nematoda: Lauratonematidae) from the intertidal zone of the East China Sea. Journal of Natural History 49: 1777 - 1788. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2015.1006285" type="journal article" year="2015">Chen &amp; Guo 2015</bibRefCitation>
) show the presence of two opposed testes in some 
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFD2375EAFC6011DE" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1953" box="[750,908,1208,1233]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFD2375EAFC6011DE" box="[750,908,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFC6C75EAFB9A11DD" box="[929,1142,1208,1234]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFC6C75EAFB9D11DD" authorityName="De Coninck" authorityYear="1965" box="[929,1137,1208,1234]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonemoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Lauratonemoides</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4AFFFFCB8A1AFB7675EAFA9A11DD" authorityName="Tchesunov" authorityYear="1984" box="[1211,1398,1208,1234]" class="Adenophorea" family="Lauratonematidae" genus="Lauratonemella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91EED6EFFCB8A1AFB7675EAFA9A11DD" box="[1211,1398,1208,1234]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Lauratonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. The family was revised by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4C8DFFCB8A1AFD937589FCD911FA" author="Tchesunov A. V." box="[606,821,1243,1269]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="79 - 96" refId="ref21656" refString="Tchesunov A. V. 1984. Data for a revision of marine free-living nematodes of the family Lauratonematidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Science (Leningrad) 126: 79 - 96." type="journal article" year="1984">Tchesunov (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, who provided a key to species of the family.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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