Revision of the Congo River Lamprologus Schilthuis, 1891 (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species Author SCHELLY, ROBERT C. Author STIASSNY, MELANIE L. J. text American Museum Novitates 2004 2004-08-23 3451 1 40 http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282004%29451%3C0001%3AROTCRL%3E2.0.CO%3B2 journal article 10.1206/0003-0082(2004)451<0001:ROTCRL>2.0.CO;2 0003-0082 5382463 57947CF1-7808-4D04-9A5E-F4712C57D8DE KEY TO SPECIES OF CONGO RIVER LAMPROLOGUS 1. 32 or more scales in lateral line; 30 or more vertebrae; head length 34.6% SL or less.. .................................. 2 – 29–31 scales in lateral line; 28–29 vertebrae; head length 34.6–37.0% SL; four sensory pore openings on the lachrymal; no interdigitation at LPJ suture (fig. 1a); supraneurals absent; relatively elevated supraoccipital crest continuous with frontal ridge extending to median coronal pore (fig. 2a)....................... Lamprologus tumbanus 2. Flank scales irregular in size (fig. 3a), obscuring parallel rows; scaleless patch on head extending caudally well beyond dorsal fin origin (fig. 4a); supraoccipital crest low, no frontal ridge extending to median coronal pore (fig. 2c)...................... 3 – Flank scales are of uniform size (fig. 3b), arranged in parallel rows; nape scaled to dorsal fin origin or beyond (fig. 4b,c); supraoccipital crest variable............... 4 3. Eyes greatly reduced and covered by thick skin; body depigmented; head dorsoventrally flattened; body depth 17.9% SL; 43–49 scales in lateral line; four sensory pore openings on the lachrymal; strongly interdigitating LPJ suture (fig. 1b); supraneural absent................. Lamprologus lethops Fig. 1. Schematic of lower pharyngeal jaw ventral suture: ( a ) no interdigitation; ( b ) strongly interdigitating. Fig. 2. Schematic of various manifestations of supraoccipital crest and frontal ridge: ( a ) Elevated supraoccipital crest continuous with frontal ridge to neurocranial lateral line foramen 0; ( b ) low supraoccipital crest continuous with frontal ridge to neurocranial lateral line foramen 0; ( c ) low supraoccipital crest, no frontal ridge extending to neurocranial lateral line foramen 0. – Eyes not reduced; body pigmented; head not flattened; body depth 22.5–27.4% SL; 35– 42 scales in lateral line; five sensory pore openings on the lachrymal; no interdigitation at LPJ suture (fig. 1a); supraneural polymorphic............ Lamprologus symoensi 4. Dark pigment around entire caudal edge of each scale, giving chain­link fence appearance of intersecting bands on sides of body; scales extend anteriorly onto nape, or at least to dorsal fin origin (in L. teugelsi , n.sp. ); single supraneural present or polymorphic....... 5 – Dark pigment restricted to dorsal half of caudal edge of each scale, giving appearance of oblique parallel bands; nape and region just below dorsal fin origin scaleless (fig. 4b); supraoccipital crest low, no frontal ridge extending to median coronal pore (fig. 2c); supraneural absent.................................... Lamprologus mocquardi 5. Pelvic fin extending posteriorly beyond anus; interdigitation at LPJ suture strong; low or elevated supraoccipital crest, continuous with frontal ridge extending to median coronal pore (fig. 2a,b)................. 6 – Pelvic fin very seldom (only in some large L. werneri males) or never reaching to anus; interdigitation at LPJ suture weak or absent (fig. 1a); low supraoccipital crest, continuous with frontal ridge extending to median coronal pore (fig. 2b)............... 7 6. 32–35 scales in lateral line; 14 precaudal, 30– 31 total vertebrae; BD 21.0–27.8% SL; elevated supraoccipital crest, (fig. 2a); 5–6 dark vertical bars on flanks; nuccal hump of fatty tissue forms in adult males...................... Lamprologus congoensis Fig. 3. Schematic of flank squamation patterns: ( a ) scales of irregular size, such that parallel oblique rows are obscured; ( b ) scales of uniform size, forming parallel oblique rows. – 35–37 scales in lateral line; 14 precaudal, 31– 33 total vertebrae; BD 17.1–24.4% SL; low supraoccipital crest, (fig. 2b); 9–10 dark vertical bars on flanks............................ Lamprologus tigripictilis , n.sp. 7. 34–37 scales in lateral line; 15 precaudal, 31– 33 total vertebrae; 12–15 total gill rakers on first gill arch; shallow bodied, BD 17.3– 20.3% SL......... Lamprologus werneri – 32–34 scales in lateral line; 14 precaudal, 30– 32 total vertebrae; 8–11 total gill rakers on first gill arch; relatively deep­bodied, BD 21.9–28.6% SL.................................. Lamprologus teugelsi , n.sp.