A revision of the genus Pontocrates Boeck, 1871 (Amphipoda, Oedicerotidae) with the description of P. moorei sp. nov. and the re-establishment of P. norvegicus (Boeck, 1860)
Author
Myers, Alan A.
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork Enterprise Centre, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.
Author
Ashelby, Christopher W.
APEM Ltd, Diamond Centre, Works Road, Letchworth Garden City, Hertfordshire, SG 6 1 LW, UK.
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-03-16
5115
4
582
598
journal article
20201
10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.8
df73d0c5-ddbd-4e36-8dd0-b49a0b6e4ab3
1175-5326
6361696
6EC597E1-684B-4F42-A3B2-1C389B8E746F
Pontocrates arcticus
Sars, 1895
(
Fig. 1
,
2
)
Pontocrates arcticus
Sars, 1895
, 693.—? Raitt, 1938, 10,11.—
Gurjanova, 1951
, 525, fig. 343.
Pontocrates norvegicus
Schneider, 1883
, 17, pl. 2, fig. 15, pl. 3, figs 21–22.—
Schneider, 1885a
, 13, pl. 1, figs 1–18.—
Sars, 1892
, 315, pl. 111, fig. 2.
Not
Pontocrates norvegicus
Boeck, 1871
, 171.
Type material
.
Syntypes
(11 animals),
Hasvig
,
West Finmark
(UiO F14210)
Material studied
.
1 male
North Sea
,
UKCS 16
/29a,
57°57’36.00”N
001°48’57.60”E
;
88 m
depth
;
Muddy Sand
; leg.
Gardline
,
16/10/2018
.
1 female
North Sea
,
UKCS 16
/29a,
57°57’36.00”N
001°48’57.60”E
;
88 m
depth
;
Muddy Sand
; leg.
Gardline
,
16/10/2018
.
1 male
,
1 female
North Sea
,
UKCS 22
/11,
57°39’46.40”N
001°08’44.00”E
;
83.4 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
Fugro
,
04/01/2014
.
1 male
North Sea
,
UKCS 16
/29a,
57°57’36.00”N
001°48’57.60”E
;
88 m
depth
;
Muddy Sand
; leg.
Gardline
,
17/10/2018
.
2 females
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
10/03/2016
.
1 female
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
10/03/2016
.
3 females
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
10/03/2016
.
1 female
.
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’28.20”N
005°34’03.00”W
;
34 m
depth
;
Sand
and
Shell
; leg.
DAERA
,
22/06/2016
.
2 females
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
05/03/2013
.
1 male
,
1 female
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
10/03/2016
.
1 female
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
08/03/2018
.
2 females
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
08/03/2018
.
1 female
,
Belfast
Lough
,
54°43’59.88”N
005°35’60.00”W
;
32 m
depth
;
Sand
; leg.
DAERA
,
08/03/2018
.
1 female
Tartan Oil Field
,
58°21’50.37”N
000°05’21.32”E
;
142 m
depth
;
Sandy Mud
; leg.
APEM
,
14/09/2019
.
1 female
Tartan Oil Field
,
58°22’54.30”N
000°04’45.40”E
;
141 m
depth
;
Sandy Mud
; leg.
APEM
,
12/09/2019
.
1 female
Tartan Oil Field
,
58°20’54.10”N
000°06’55.71”E
;
142 m
depth
;
Slightly
sandy mud; leg.
APEM
,
18/09/2019
.
1 female
Tartan Oil Field
,
58°20’56.47”N
000°06’50.58”E
;
142 m
depth
;
Sandy Mud
; leg.
APEM
,
16/09/2019
.
Description
(male,
Belfast
Lough
4.5 mm
)
Head
Head
rostrum short, strongly deflected, triangular in frontal view.
Antenna 1
less than one third body length, peduncular article 3 much longer than 2; flagellum subequal in length with peduncle, with 7 articles.
Antenna 2
very long, subequal in length with body, peduncular article 5 longer than 4, flagellum much longer than peduncle with about 55 articles.
FIGURE 1.
Pontocrates arcticus
male, Belfast Lough.
FIGURE 2.
Pontocrates arcticus
. male, Belfast Lough.
Pereon
.
Gnathopod 1
coxa distally convex
; basis stout, 4 x as long as broad, anterior margin substraight; merus blunt ending or with small posterodistal spine, but
without distal extension;
carpus reduced, with long, slender, distal process, extending to the tip of the dactylus; propodus slender subovoid, twice as long as broad,
palm fimbriate
, strongly oblique,
with about 15 club-shaped robust setae each with a distal filament
; dactylus elongate, slender, opposable to carpal process.
Gnathopod 2
coxa subrectangular;
basis very elongate, slender, parallel-sided; carpus small but with elongate spur that extends beyond tip of the propodus; propodus very elongate, slender, chelate,
palm with club-shaped robust setae each with a distal filament
;
Pereopod
3
coxa elongate and sender, subrectangular
; basis slender, 3.5 x as long as broad, posterior margin convex, anterior margin proximally concave, distally straight; merus anterior margin strongly convex;
carpus and propodus elongate
, subequal in length; propodus subrectangular, distally truncate; dactylus small almost hidden by long setae, anterodistal margin of merus and posterior margins of merus carpus and propodus and distal margin of propodus clothed in very long setae.
Pereopod 5
basis anterior margin strongly convex, merus anterodistal margin strongly convex and with exceedingly long setae; carpus short, posterior margin irregular, with long setae; propodus longer than carpus, slender, anterior margin with long setae;
dactylus elongate slender more than one third length of propodus.
Pereopod 6
similar to pereopod 5 but more elongate; basis posterior margin with very long setae, anterior margin substraight;
propodus subequal in length with carpus.
Pereopod 7
very long, more than half body length,
basis pyriform
; merus, carpus, propodus and dactylus very long and slender.
Pleon.
Epimera 1–3
rounded.
Uropods 1–3
slender, peduncles extending about the same length.
Uropod 1
peduncle much longer than subequal rami.
Uropod 2
peduncle a little longer than subequal rami
Uropod 3
rami subequal with each other and with peduncle.
Telson
distally rounded, not incised.
Female
(sexually dimorphic characters).
Antenna 2
only a little longer than antenna 1; flagellum with 10 articles.
Habitat and distribution.
Sars (1892)
recorded this species from
11–18 m
depth
. The material examined in this study expands this depth range to
8-323 m
.
The
specimens were recovered from sandy substrates, with varying degrees of mud, shell or fine gravel.
Pontocrates arcticus
is found off all
British Coasts
, extending to the edge of the continental shelf off the
South-West of Britain
and to the limits of
UK
territorial waters.
Beyond
UK
waters the species is recorded only from
Norwegian
waters
.
Remarks.
Pontocrates arcticus
differs from all other
Pontocrates
species
in its gnathopod 1–2 palms, which are fimbriated and bear club-shaped robust setae. It differs from
P. moorei
sp. nov
.
, in its gnathopod 1, in that species the merus has a distal extension (absent in
P. arcticus
), and the propodus is less than 2 x as long as broad and more rectangular (2 x as long as broad in
P. arcticus
), in its gnathopod
2 in
which the coxa is distally straight (convex in
P. arcticus
), in its pereopods 3 and 4 which are very short (elongate in
P. arcticus
) and in its pereopod 6 where the propodus is less than half length of the carpus (subequal in length in
P. arcticus
). It differs from
P. arenarius
(
Spence Bate, 1858
)
, in the subrectangular coxa 1 (subtriangular in
P. arenarius
), the elongate, subovoid propodus of gnathopod 1 (broad, subtriangular in
P. arenarius
) and the subrectangular coxa 2 (posterior margin sinuous in
P. arenarius
). It differs from
P. norvegicus
in the un-narrowed distal portion of coxa 1 (distally narrowed in
P. norvegicus
) and in the elongate carpus and propodus of pereopod 3 (short carpus and propodus of pereopod
3 in
P. norvegicus
).