<document id="D272B91880C83E7335FE053784F0C7B2" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.414.5.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13715544" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725647563849" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pederneiras, Leandro Cardoso, Dussán, Camila Monje, Mitidieri, Nicole, Romaniuc-Neto, Sergio, Costa, Andrea Ferreira Da &amp; Mansano, Vidal De Freitas" docDate="2019" docId="039B87D683284371D2EDF926815EFF5F" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.414.5.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 414 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.414.5.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Ficus vulpina Benoist 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="267" masterDocId="FFA2FFAE832C4374D265FFE8800AFF82" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural revision of Ficus sect. Americanae (Moraceae): Typification of Ficus crocata and allied species" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="262" pageNumber="266" updateTime="1725649766329" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="3E255466D6060B75EB4956C29AE3E16A">Nomenclatural revision of Ficus sect. Americanae (Moraceae): Typification of Ficus crocata and allied species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="91170DD578D72C0C3B0E53E88786C07B">Pederneiras, Leandro Cardoso</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="76DE820E81BBBEFF190E4B477669BB68">Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 20940 - 040, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="79099EC3A0503660320A39D468AD49E3">Dussán, Camila Monje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D31132F3B2AE70D487EDBBE3B3C96D20">Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociência, Departamento de Botânica, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo-SP, 05508 - 090, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE0AFE111844D84A9F292A116261AC64">Mitidieri, Nicole</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="79C2320BF3CE262521A4C9C7EB2940A4">Posgrado en Botánica Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Venezuela, Cdra. 34 s. n., Lima, Peru.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8FF5BCE5847701F43BA496B1EABA5B3E">Romaniuc-Neto, Sergio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DD09CFFC634A0BA63E21A86F43986A5E">Costa, Andrea Ferreira Da</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="854BEE3C2ACFF9F8CE38ECCF205E3353">Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 20940 - 040, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE5C6ED2237C19253804BE0258AF4C89">Mansano, Vidal De Freitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="357C322ABF5FBFFCA04012C536334B14">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="841AF6E68CDEBA8FFFA78D83ABB3DFF0">2019</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0C581AC83284370D2EDF9268204F96B" box="[136,526,1742,1769]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D4383284370D2EDF9268204F96B" ID-CoL="6HZC2" authority="Benoist (1929: 164)" authorityName="Benoist" authorityPageNumber="164" authorityYear="1929" box="[136,526,1742,1769]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpina">
<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D2EDF926812DF96B" bold="true" box="[136,295,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Ficus vulpina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B3183284370D34AF9388204F96B" author="Benoist, R." box="[303,526,1744,1769]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" pagination="163 - 164" refId="ref4502" refString="Benoist, R. (1929) Moracees nouvelles de la Guyane Francaise. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 1: 163 - 164." type="journal article" year="1929">Benoist (1929: 164)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5A3C9D83284370D2EDF91E82F8F8AD" collectionCode="B, BR, K" country="French Guiana" location="Acarouany" municipality="Sagot" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" specimenCode="P 00089309, G 00438317, G 00438318, P 00089308, P 00756625" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="5489886283284370D2EDF91E80E2F889" box="[136,232,1782,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D29CF91E8197F889" bold="true" box="[249,413,1782,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">designated here</emphasis>
):— 
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. 
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, 1858, 
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE9ACBA83284370D12BF91E838FF889" box="[846,901,1782,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Sagot</collectingMunicipality>
524
</emphasis>
(
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: 
<specimenCode id="DB949EBB83284370D64FF91E84A2F889" box="[1066,1192,1782,1803]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">P 00089309</specimenCode>
!; 
<typeStatus id="5489886283284370D6DDF91E853AF889" box="[1208,1328,1782,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED23AE0583284370D759F91E855BF889" box="[1340,1361,1782,1803]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
!, 
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!, 
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!, 
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!, 
<collectionCode id="ED23AE0583284370D3D8F8F281DEF8AD" box="[445,468,1818,1839]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!, 
<specimenCode id="DB949EBB83284370D387F8F28251F8AD" box="[482,603,1818,1839]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">P 00089308</specimenCode>
!, 
<specimenCode id="DB949EBB83284370D00DF8F282EEF8AD" box="[616,740,1818,1839]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">P 00756625</specimenCode>
!).
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D2EDF88881A1F8FB" bold="true" box="[136,427,1888,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Nomenclatural notes:—</emphasis>
The species protologue does not state the herbarium where the type of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D4383284370D69AF888857EF8FB" authorityName="Benoist" authorityYear="1929" box="[1279,1396,1888,1913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulpina">
<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D69AF888857EF8FB" box="[1279,1396,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">F. vulpina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was deposited. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B3183284370D366F86C8206F81F" author="Berg, C. C. &amp; DeWolf, G. P." box="[259,524,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" pagination="173 - 267" refId="ref4648" refString="Berg, C. C. &amp; DeWolf, G. P. (1975) Moraceae. In: Lanjouw, J. &amp; Lanjouw, A. L. (Eds.) Flora of Suriname, E. J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands, pp. 173 - 267." type="book chapter" year="1975">Berg &amp; DeWolf (1975)</bibRefCitation>
were the first to suggest that the type specimen was at Paris (P). There are three preparations of the same collection at this herbarium. It is not clearly indicated in their labels whether they are part of a single specimen, and thus these are considered to be three duplicates (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B3183284370D1E9F8248469F867" author="Turland, N. J. &amp; Wiersema, J. H. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Greuter, W. &amp; Hawksworth, D. L. &amp; Herendeen, P. S. &amp; Knapp, S. &amp; Kusber, W. - H. &amp; Li, D. - Z. &amp; Marhold, K. &amp; May, T. W. &amp; McNeill, J. &amp; Monro, A. M. &amp; Prado, J. &amp; Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F." box="[908,1123,1996,2021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" refId="ref5922" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. - H., Li, D. - Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. &amp; Smith, G. F. (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Glashutten: Koeltz Botanical Books. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="journal volume" year="2018">
Turland 
<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D18EF8248428F867" box="[1003,1058,1996,2021]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
, Art. 8.3). Here, we designate the specimen 
<emphasis id="B946EAD283284370D346F818819FF78B" box="[291,405,2032,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Sagot 524</emphasis>
(P 89309) as a 
<typeStatus id="5489886283284370D023F81882A7F78B" box="[582,685,2032,2057]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
because it exhibit structures taxonomically informative and such as branches, leaves, stipules, and syconia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36C083294371D2D8FF4885A1FF3B" blockId="5.[136,1451,160,221]" box="[189,1451,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="B946EAD283294371D2D8FF4881CEFF3B" bold="true" box="[189,452,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Taxonomical notes:—</emphasis>
This taxon name is considered a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D4383294371D1B7FF488466FF3B" box="[978,1132,160,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigona">
<emphasis id="B946EAD283294371D1B7FF488466FF3B" box="[978,1132,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Ficus trigona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B3183294371D6DDFF4885A1FF3B" author="Berg, C. C. &amp; Villavicencio, X." box="[1208,1451,160,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="1 - 173" refId="ref4844" refString="Berg, C. C. &amp; Villavicencio, X. (2004) Taxonomic studies on Ficus (Moraceae) in the West Indies, extra-Amazonian Brazil and Bolivia. Ilicifolia 5: 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="2004">Berg &amp; Villavicencio</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36C083294371D2EDFF2C815EFF5F" blockId="5.[136,1451,160,221]" box="[136,340,196,221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
2004, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B3183294371D2ABFF2C8142FF5F" author="Berg, C. C." box="[206,328,196,221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="7 - 48" refId="ref4599" refString="Berg, C. C. (2009) Moraceae (Ficus). In: Harling, G. &amp; Persson, C. (Eds.) Flora of Ecuador, vol. 85, University of Gothenburg: Goteborg, pp. 7 - 48." type="book chapter" year="2009">Berg 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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