Sea cucumbers of the Kerguelen Plateau, with descriptions of new genus and species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
Author
O'Loughlin, P. Mark
Author
Skarbnik-López, Jessica
Author
Mackenzie, Melanie
Author
VandenSpiegel, Didier
text
Memoirs of Museum Victoria
2015
2015-12-31
73
59
93
https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-73-2015/pages-59-93/
journal article
10.24199/j.mmv.2015.73.07
1447-2554
12213223
Echinocucumis
Sars, 1859
Type
species (
type
locality; diagnostic characters).
Echinocucumis hispida
(
Barrett, 1857
)
(
Norway
; sub-spherical body with vertically up-turned oral and anal ends, body
10 mm
wide (width of U-shape), ventral tube feet prominent, dorsal tube feet inconspicuous, plates with single composite marginal spine)
.
Other assigned species (
type
localities; diagnostic characters)
.
Echinocucumis globosa
(
Ohshima, 1915
)
(Kyushu; body spherical,
9.5 mm
long, dorsal and ventral tube feet, ossicle spines reduced or absent);
E. hispida
var.
atypica
Deichmann, 1930
(Havana; spines sometimes central on plates, spines more slender and tall than
E. hispida
);
E. kirrilyae
O’Loughlin, 2009
(
E Antarctica, Enderby Land
; body fusiform,
6 mm
long, tube feet ventral only, composite spines dendritic);
E. multipodia
Cherbonnier, 1965
(
Cameroon
; spherical body,
7 mm
long, tube feet around body, scales lack spines);
E. paratypica
Ludwig & Heding, 1935
(
Somalia
; U-shaped body,
8.5 mm
long, long tapered up-turned oral and anal ends);
E. sphaericum
(
Sluiter, 1901
)
(E
Indonesia
; U-shaped body,
18 mm
long, abundant ventral tube feet, numbers of composite spines per scale);
E. tenera
Cherbonnier, 1958
(
Sierra Leone
; U-shaped body,
25 mm
long, dorsal and ventral tube feet).
Diagnosis
. Mid-body sub-spherical, tapered non-retractile oral and anal ends, usually upturned; calcareous ring cucumariid-like, lacking posterior prolongations; tentacles 10, digitiform, unequal in size; tube feet sparse or absent, slender, restricted to ambulacra; body invested with large imbricating scales that are single-layered perforated plates, each scale with predominantly one tall spine arising near plate margin.
Remarks
.
Echinocucumis
Sars, 1859
has been assigned to the
Ypsilothuriidae
Heding,
1942
in the order
Dactylochirotida
Pawson & Fell, 1965
.
Smirnov (2012)
abolished the
Dactylochirotida
and referred all the included taxa to the
Dendrochirotida
.
Smirnov (2012)
assigned the ypsilothuriid genus
Echinocucumis
to the subfamily
Cucumariinae
Ludwig, 1894
(
sensu
Panning 1949
) within the family
Cucumariidae
Ludwig, 1894
. He based his decision on the work of
Hansen (1988)
who judged that
Echinocucumis
is similar to
Staurocucumis
Ekman, 1927
and
Psolicucumis
Heding, 1934
. These two latter genera are assigned to the
Cucumariinae
. We accept the judgment of
Smirnov (2012)
based on morphology but anticipate that molecular phylogenetic evidence will challenge many such current assignments.