Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae) Author Wagner, Warren L. Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA wagnerw@si.edu Author Clark, John R. National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA Author Lorence, David H. National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA text PhytoKeys 2014 2014-06-04 38 37 67 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609 1314-2003-38-37 FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F 576221 8. Bidens bipontina Sherff, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 85: 10. 1928. Figure 2A-C Bidens serrulata Sch. Bip., Flora 39: 361. 1856, non (Poir.) Desf. 1815. Coreopsis serrulata (Sch. Bip.) Drake, Ill. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac.: 210. 1890, non Poiret 1811. Campylotheca serrulata (Sch. Bip.) F. Br., Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 130: 356. 1935. Type. Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva, D.E.S.A. Jardin 132 (holotype: P). Description . Erect, suffrutescent perennial herbs 1-1.3 m tall. Leaves membranous, simple or compound and trifoliolate, 4.3-15 cm long including petiole, blades elliptic-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3-10.5 x 1-3 cm, glabrous, margins serrate, apex long-acuminate to caudate. Heads 6-15, often with two or three heads in tight clusters, in cymes terminating main stem and lateral branches, 2-5 mm in diameter excluding rays, peduncles 2-25 mm long, glabrous; outer involucral bracts ca. 5 mm long, linear, well differentiated from inner bracts, glabrous; ray florets usually 7-9 per head, sterile, rays yellow, 13-20 x 3-4 mm, apex often minutely bi- or tri-lobed or rounded; disk florets ca. 30-32, perfect. Achenes black, 6-7 mm long, margin setose; pappus usually of 2 minute awns. Distribution. Marquesas Islands, Nuku Hiva, endemic to the Toovii Plateau area, especially Tapueahu Valley, 500-1165 m. Habitat. Bidens bipontina is known only in montane wet shrubland with Freycinetia impavida and Hibiscus tiliaceus dominant. Conservation status. Proposed IUCN Red List Category Endangered (EN), criteria B2b i-iii): B2, total area of occupancy less than 500 km² (ca. 50 km²); b (i-iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The suitable habitat for Bidens bipontina on Nuku Huka (ca. 340 km²) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation), feral animals, and invasive plants, thus reducing the extent of the suitable habitat. Specimens examined. Marquesas Islands. Nuku Hiva: Terre Deserte, crete W du Mt. Akaupe, 1165 m, 8°52"S/140°10"W, 10 Aug 1987, Florence 8539 (BISH [2]); Route plateau de Toovii-Terre Deserte, 2 km apres le col, 930 m, 8°52"S/140°9"W, 9 Dec 1982, Florence 4348 (BISH, P, PAP, US); Toovii, Ooumu area, top of Tapueahu Valley off new hwy, 1067-1128 m, 8°51"S/140°19"W, 20-22 Sep 1995, Wood & Perlman 4601, (BISH, P, PAP, PTBG, UBC, US); Along old Airport road, across summit crest from Toovii, back drainages of Tapueahu Valley, 1085 m, 21 Sep 1995, Perlman & Wood 15028 (AD, BISH, F, MO, P, PAP, PTBG, US); Ridge crest 2 valleys S of Airport road, back of Tapueahu gulch, to NW of Toovii over summit crest, 1024 m, 21 Sep 1995, Perlman & Wood 15021 (AD, BISH, MO, P, PAP, PTBG) [apparently mixed collection with US sheet, a hybrid]; 500 m, 15 Oct 1922, Quayle 1235 (BISH). Discussion. Bidens bipontina is distinctive in its conspicuously caudate leaves and erect linear involucral bracts.