A review of Crassignatha (Araneae, Symphytognathidae) Author Li, Ya Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China & The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-4154 Author Lin, Yucheng Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China & The Sichuan Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Endangered Wildlife, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China linyucheng@scu.edu.cn Author Li, Shuqiang Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416 lisq@ioz.ac.cn text ZooKeys 2020 988 63 128 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.56188 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.56188 1313-2970-988-63 6E64D69BDD734A7EAE2B3CD21247A5E3 D5BC323AA5F05894AE8FBB10A3F0960D Crassignatha nantou Y. Lin & S. Li sp. nov. Figs 14 , 15 , 38 Type material. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar 41012) and paratypes 17♀ (IZCAS-Ar 41013-41029), China : Taiwan Province, Nantou County, Ren'an Township, Hehuan Mountain, Yuanfeng Peak ( 24.11780°N , 121.23731°E ; 2757 m), 2.VII.2013, S. Li and G. Zheng leg.; 1♂ (NHMSU-HA055) and 1♀ (NHMSU-HA055) used for sequencing, GenBank: MT991996 and MT991995, same data as for preceding. Diagnosis. Crassignatha nantou sp. nov. differs from other congeners, except C. shunani sp. nov., by the long, spiral embolus with a sharp, narrow tip and the separate bases of copulatory ducts (Fig. 15A, B, F, G ). It is similar to C. shunani sp. nov. by the shape of the male palp and vulva, but the male can be distinguished by having a blunt cymbial tooth and a hook on the median apophysis vs. a sharp cymbial tooth and lack of a hook in the latter (Figs 15A , 29A ); the female differs by the closer spermathecae and larger copulatory opening (Figs 15F, G , 29F, G ). Figure 14. Crassignatha nantou sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal B male habitus, ventral C male habitus, lateral D female habitus, dorsal E female habitus, ventral F female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: 0.50 mm ( A-F ). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 0.80. Carapace 0.36 long, 0.36 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.20 high. Sternum 0.24 long, 0.24 wide. Abdomen 0.52 long, 0.40 wide, 0.60 high. Length of legs: I 1.34 (0.42, 0.14, 0.32, 0.20, 0.26); II 1.10 (0.32, 0.12, 0.26, 0.16, 0.24); III 0.80 (0.22, 0.10, 0.16, 0.12, 0.20); IV 1.02 (0.32, 0.12, 0.22, 0.12, 0.24). Somatic characters (Fig. 14A-C ). Coloration : carapace, sternum, chelicerae, endites, and labium dark brown. Abdomen blue-green with irregular sclerotized patches. Prosoma : carapace nearly rounded, surface granular, with small sulci. Cephalic region strongly elevated. ALE protruded, PER recurved. Clypeus concave. Chelicerae covered with setae anteriorly. Labium semilunar, fused to sternum. Sternum heart shaped, flat, surface rough, truncated posteriorly. Legs : tibia II with one clasping spur. Abdomen : sub-elliptic dorsally, with lateral scuta. Spinnerets weakly sclerotized, with a circular plate. Palp (Fig. 15A-C ): pale, weakly sclerotized. Cymbium large, with a few setae distally, cymbial tooth near distal margin. Tegulum large, smooth, and plump. Median apophysis disciform, with a hooked process on margin. Embolic membrane slender, laminar, translucent, arises near anterior part of median apophysis. Embolus long, flexible, spiraled, and wide basally, narrow distally. Female (one of paratypes). Total length 1.08. Carapace 0.44 long, 0.40 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.16 high. Sternum 0.28 long, 0.28 wide. Abdomen 0.68 long, 0.60 wide, 0.80 high. Length of legs: I 1.68 (0.58, 0.16, 0.42, 0.24, 0.28); II 1.38 (0.46, 0.14, 0.34, 0.22, 0.22); III 1.00 (0.28, 0.12, 0.22, 0.16, 0.22); IV 1.24 (0.42, 0.14, 0.26, 0.18, 0.24). Somatic characters (Fig. 14D-F ). Coloration : prosoma as in male. Abdominal color lighter than in male, dorsum lighter than venter. Prosoma : carapace nearly pear shaped, sculptured, and granular. Cephalic region lower than in male. PER slightly recurved. Chelicerae fused near base, covered with setae anteriorly. Labium subtriangular, fused to sternum. Sternum as in male. Abdomen : nearly globular dorsally, surface modified by sclerotized dots. Spinnerets weakly sclerotized, with a circular plate. Epigyne (Fig. 15D-G ): epigynal area lightly sclerotized, with setae on lateral margins. Scape short, wide, copulatory opening located at its terminus, split into two labella. Internal structures more or less visible via translucent tegument. Paired spermathecae globose, separated by half their diameter. Fertilization ducts thin, starting at inside central margin of spermathecae, bent downward, twisted, and furcate at end. Copulatory ducts thick, connected to posterior margin of spermathecae, passing under the spermathecae, up into the center of vulva, deflexed to copulatory opening, their proximal base unfused. Figure 15. Crassignatha nantou sp. nov. A male palp, prolateral B male palp, ventral C male palp, retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E epigyne, lateral F vulva, ventral G vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10 mm ( A-G ). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition. Distribution. China (Taiwan) (Fig. 38 ).