Two new genera of small, six-eyed pholcid spiders from West Africa, and first record of Spermophorides for mainland Africa (Araneae: Pholcidae)
Author
Huber, Bernhard A.
text
Zootaxa
2007
1635
23
43
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.179534
8078a54c-e67b-4e6f-aaf2-78c18c7d1821
1175-5326
179534
Anansus
,
n. gen.
Type
species.
Anansus aowin
,
n. sp.
Etymology.
Named for Anansi, one of the most important gods of west African lore, depicted as a spider, a human, or combinations thereof. Gender male.
Diagnosis.
Small, short-legged, six-eyed pholcines (proximo-lateral cheliceral apophyses!), distinguished from other known pholcines by combination of following characters: small male palpal femur but extremely large and thick tibia (Figs. 33, 40, 58); bulb with single process (embolus) (Figs. 32, 39, 47); procursus with distinctive sclerite provided with retrolateral brush of long hairs (Figs. 33, 40, 53); unique pattern on sternum in males and females (
Fig. 8
); male cheliceral apophyses without modified hairs (
Fig. 44
); epigynum without scape (Figs. 35, 41, 60); eye triads close together (
Figs. 4, 6
); presence of several ALS spigots (versus two) (
Fig. 49
,
55
).
Description.
See species descriptions below.
Relationships.
As indicated above,
Anansus
is either resolved as representative of a mainly African group of genera characterized by the dorsal rather than prolateral attachment of the genital bulb to the cymbium, or as a much more “basal” taxon within pholcines (
Figs. 1
A, B). The latter topology considers posteriorly directed cheliceral apophyses as plesiomorphic for pholcines, while upward pointing cheliceral apophyses are a synapomorphy of the sister group of
Anansus
(clade
8 in
Fig. 1
B). Both solutions make sense biologically, so the phylogenetic position of this genus within pholcines remains open.
Distribution.
The three species described below are from
Ivory Coast
,
Ghana
, and
Congo DR
(
Fig. 74
). The MRAC has a further closely related species from
Cameroon
(Mbam near Koutoupi, MRAC 167.984). The single male specimen is very poorly preserved and therefore not described herein.