Two new genera and nine new species of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia
Author
Galea, Horia R.
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2015
2015-08-31
135
1
19
journal article
22396
10.5852/ejt.2015.135
4ebe05f4-f39b-4770-85c2-8de0fcda0cb3
2118-9773
3785289
F5F578C8-4CA7-4ADA-9DAF-0DA5170E9F9F
Solenoscyphus candelabrum
sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
88847458-73D4-42B1-B553-4AD070BC2AFA
Figs 3A
,
4
A–B;
Table 2
Diagnosis
Colonies regularly pinnate, stems polysiphonic, cladia always monosiphonic; nodes indistinct; stem internodes composed of an apophysis, an axillary hydrotheca, two alternate hydrothecae above, another apophysis opposite to the former, and an axillary hydrotheca; cladial internodes, each with one hydrotheca; hydrothecae alternate throughout, long, tubular, free part distinctly concave, facing upward; operculum deciduous.
Etymology
From the Latin
candēlābrum
, meaning "candlestick", with reference to the shape of the hydrothecae, the whole colony resembling a phantasmagoric candelabrum with an infinity of arms. Used as a noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype
NEW CALEDONIA
: campaign Bathus 4, station DW923,
18°52’ S
,
163°24’ E
, 502–
470 m
,
6 Aug. 1994
; 9.0 cm high, sterile colony (IK-2012-10292).
Paratypes
NEW CALEDONIA
: data as for
holotype
; four sterile colonies 5.7–12.0 cm high (IK-2012-10293).
Description
Stems up to
12 cm
high, arising from disc-shaped hydrorhizae firmly attached to substrate; strongly polysiphonic basally, uniformly grading to monosiphonic towards apices; auxiliary tubes running up, nearly parallel to main tube and establishing occasional anastomoses with each other. Nodes generally poorly indicated, though division into internodes with apparently unusual repetitive sequence: proximal node, short lateral apophysis (supporting a cladium), axillary hydrotheca, two alternate hydrothecae above, second cladial apophysis on opposite side to former, axillar hydrotheca, and distal node. Cladia pinnately arranged, given off at about 70° to stem, up to
3 cm
long; straight, unbranched, exclusively monosiphonic; inserting on corresponding stem apophyses by means of short, rectangular, ahydrothecate internodes; nodes indistinct. Hydrothecae of both stem and cladia biseriate, alternate, and coplanar; tubular, S-shaped, facing out- and upward; a prominent internal perisarc thickening occurring along median line of lower half of abaxial wall, together with a transverse ridge arising from middle part of perisarcal thickening, and extending over both “frontal” and “dorsal” sides of theca; elsewhere perisarc relatively thin; in frontal view, aperture of hydrotheca rounded adaxially and slightly flattened abaxially; deciduous opercula rarely seen at apertures of some hydrothecae. Gonotheca unknown.