The fouling serpulids (Polychaeta: Serpulidae) from United States coastal waters: an overview Author Bastida-Zavala, J. Rolando Author McCANN, Linda D. Author Keppel, Erica Author Ruiz, Gregory M. text European Journal of Taxonomy 2017 2017-08-17 344 1 76 journal article 22022 10.5852/ejt.2017.344 0e3a88b1-bb05-4a78-b1a5-d99c8995df45 2118-9773 3834679 27AA4538-407D-470A-8141-365124193D85 Pseudochitinopoma occidentalis ( Bush, 1905 ) Figs 7F , 8 Hyalopomatopsis occidentalis Bush, 1905: 229–230 , pl. 40, figs 3, 22, pl. 44, figs 2, 4, 8–9 ( type locality: Virgin Bay, Prince William Sound, southern Alaska , United States ; on tubes of Serpula splendens Bush, 1905 , now S. columbiana ). Chitinopoma occidentalis – Hartman 1948: 50–51 , fig. 12a–f ( Alaska , Peninsula; intertidal to 229 m ). Chitinopoma groenlandica ( non Mörch 1863 ) – Berkeley & Berkeley 1961: 663 (Carmel Canyon, central California ; 36–55 m ). Pseudochitinopoma occidentalis – Zibrowius 1969a: 7 –9, fig. 2a–g (Canoe Bay, Alaska; Shelton, San Juan Archipelago and Puget Sound, Washington; off Santa Rosa Island and Carmel Canyon in central California; intertidal to 229 m ). — Bastida-Zavala 2008: 38 –39, fig. 9A–D (Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California; intertidal to 16 m ; on rocky bottoms and PVC plates). — Kupriyanova et al. 2012: 68 –72, figs 7A–E, 8A–E ( Canada : British Columbia ; United States : Alaska , Washington and California ; Mexico : Baja California ; intertidal to 157 m ; on tubes of Serpula sp., Crucigera zygophora , Vermiliopsis infundibulum ( Philippi, 1844 ) , now as V. multiannulata ( Moore, 1923 ) for eastern Pacific records, shells of the brachiopod Laqueus californianus (Koch, 1848) , alcyonarians, solitary corals, tunicates, burrowing clams, rock and fouling plates). Material examined 658 specimens : DH (24) Aug. 2002 , AK (66) Jul. 2000 , AV (7) Aug. 2000 , PW (4) Aug. 2003 , KD (358) Aug. 2001 , ST (81) Aug. 2001 , KT (8) Sep. 2003 , WA (75) Aug. 2000 , OR (1) Aug. 2000 , HB (18) Sep. 2003 , SF (12) Sep. 2001 and 2011, MO (4) Sep. 2013 . Additional material Five specimens: LACMNH N1908, 1 specimen ( California , approx. 36°36' N , 121°53' W , Monterey Shale, dredged off Del Monte, 12–16 m , 3 Jun. 1934 , coll. E.F. Ricketts, as Ditrupa sp.); LACMNH N1909, 2 specimens ( California , approx. 37°12' N , 122°24' W , Moss Beach, Jul. 1933 , as? Ditrupa ); LACMNH N1910, 2 specimens ( California , approx. 37°12' N , 122°24' W , Moss Beach, 1934, as? Ditrupa ). Diagnosis Tube white, smooth; with a longitudinal ridge; without transverse ridges, peristomes or alveoli. Opercular peduncle smooth, white. Operculum white, spherical or conical ( Fig. 7F ). Collar with fin-and-blade chaetae ( Fig. 9N ). Taxonomic remarks Pseudochitinopoma occidentalis was the species with the largest distribution in the survey, with 12 localities in the northeastern Pacific, from Dutch Harbor, Alaska , to Morro Bay, California . It was also the second most common species represented on fouling plates; only Hydroides dianthus , a species from the U.S. east coast, was encountered more often ( Table 1 ). Despite its frequency on fouling plates, P. occidentalis has not been reported as NIS elsewhere. Ecology Intertidal to 229 m ( Hartman 1948 ; Zibrowius 1969a ). Rocky bottoms, on tubes of Serpula columbiana , Crucigera zygophora , Vermiliopsis multiannulata , shells of the brachiopod Laqueus californianus , alcyonarians, solitary corals, tunicates, burrowing clams and PVC fouling plates ( Bush 1905 ; Bastida-Zavala 2008 ; Kupriyanova et al. 2012 ). Distribution Northeastern Pacific, from Alaska to Ensenada, west coast of Baja California Peninsula ( Kupriyanova et al. 2012 ). In this survey, Pseudochitinopoma occidentalis was abundantly and frequently on fouling plates from Dutch Harbor, Kachemak Bay, Kodiak and Sitka, Alaska , and Puget Sound, Washington ; occasionally from Valdez Bay, Prince William Sound and Ketchikan, Alaska , Coos Bay, Oregon , Humboldt Bay, San Francisco Bay and Morro Bay, California ( Fig. 8 ).