Notes on the leaf insects of the genus Phyllium of Sumatra and Java, Indonesia, including the description of two new species with purple coxae (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae) Author Cumming, Royce T. Author Bank, Sarah Author Le Tirant, Stephane Author Bradler, Sven text ZooKeys 2020 913 89 126 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.49044 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.913.49044 1313-2970-913-89 1007BEAD14F34DCD93FBFA7CA35A042B 0C62A6C200345036B831DC92F02CE385 Phyllium (Phyllium) jacobsoni Rehn & Rehn, 1934 Figure 5A-E Distribution. Indonesia: Eastern Java (Nongkodjadjar [type locality]); Eastern Java, Mt. Argopuro; Western Java, Mt. Halimun (Figure 4 ). Discussion. With the description of the very morphologically similar Phyllium gardabagusi sp. nov., also from Java, the numerous localities noted within Hennemann et al. (2009) cannot be confirmed as Phyllium jacobsoni . This is because the only clear morphological feature to differentiate between these two populations is the coxae color, which can fade in specimens which were not well preserved. Therefore, we only list the localities where we have been able to confirm specimens as Phyllium jacobsoni . Nevertheless, with this species confirmed from both West and East Java, it is likely the species is found throughout the island. Differentiation. This is the only species in the clade that can easily be differentiated morphologically from other clade members. The coxae color in P. jacobsoni is white (see Figure 5C, D ) compared to a distinct and dark purple in the other three clade members (Table 1 ). This purple color is easier to view in females and can only be faintly seen on very well preserved or live males. In any discolored male it is impossible to differentiate the species by looking at the coxae because the white and faint purple color do not preserve well and cannot be differentiated on poor quality specimens. It is fortunate that the holotype for Phyllium jacobsoni is a female specimen as it can clearly be seen on the holotype female that this was not the sympatric species Phyllium gardabagusi sp. nov. with purple coxae and is instead a specimen with white coxae which defines Phyllium jacobsoni . On average P. jacobsoni tend to be smaller individuals, but as with the other species in the clade there were significant outliers that made the range of sizes overlap with the other species significantly (Table 1 ). Phyllium jacobsoni newly hatched nymphs (Figure 5E ) appear to be the most variable in coloration of the four clade B members. Phyllium jacobsoni overall coloration ranges from reddish brown to dark brown (in the other three members dark brown to black), and on P. jacobsoni the white transverse band on the meso- and metafemora can be a solid line (like in the other three clade B species) or can occasionally be a broken white line (but this is a less common form). Figure 5. Phyllium jacobsoni live captive bred individuals, photos courtesy of Bruno Kneubuehler . A Female B male C male ventral view of coxae D female ventral view of coxae E freshly hatched nymph. Table 1. Morphological features compared between the members of clade B. Key: a As noted in Hennemann et al. (2009) . b 75 mm for Phyllium jacobsoni is noted from personal communication with Bruno Kneubuehler who bred P. jacobsoni from the type locality of Nongkodjadjar, East Java. c Grö sser (2008) lists P. hausleithneri as having 44-46 teeth, and Hennemann et al. (2009) note 44-48 teeth. d As noted in Cumming et al. (2018) . e Only counted on paratype specimens Coll RC 16-203 and Coll RC 18-418.

Feature	Phyllium jacobsoni	Phyllium hausleithneri	Phyllium nisus sp. nov.	Phyllium gardabagusi sp. nov.
Distribution	Java	Peninsular Malaysia	Sumatra	Java
Female length [mm]	63.5-75.0a/b	74.6-82.8	70.3-79.3	68.4-77.3
Male length [mm]	42.5-56.5a	55.8-57.8	51.4-56.1	50.0-50.5
Number of teeth on the pars stridens of antennomere III in females	40a	44-48c	37-44d	34-39e
Egg color	Tan to medium brown	Dark, rich brown	Pale tan to medium brown	Pale brown to medium brown
Coxae color	White	Purple	Purple	Purple