A New Genus of Rhysipoline Wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Modified Wing Venation from Africa and Papua New Guinea, Parasitoid on Choreutidae (Lepidoptera) Author Donald L. J. Quicke Author Sergey A. Belokobylskij Author M. Alex Smith text Annales Zoologici 2016 66 2 173 192 journal article 10.3161/00034541Anz2016.66.2.003 a35cd191-6c38-4f0a-87fd-6203eaa11c08 269448 Troporhysipolis Quicke, Belokobylskij & Butcher , gen. nov. Etymology. From “tropic”, the climatic belt where this taxon lived, and the generic name “ Rhysipolis ”. Gender: masculine. Diagnosis . Cyclostome. Labial palp 4 -segmented, maxillary palp 6 -segmented. Occipital carina complete. Hypostomal and occipital carinae reaching mandible base separately. Epicnemial carina complete. Table 1. Material included in molecular analysis and GenBank sequence accessions numbers.

Subfamilies and genera	Species	Specimen voucher	Provenance	GenBank Accession Number 28S CO1
Doryctinae
Dendrosoter	protuberans	JM920	Turkey	EF645736 EF645775
Doryctes	erythromelas	JM601	USA: Texas, College Station	GQ374709 GQ374627
Heterospilus	prosopidis	—	ex culture	AY935469 AY935396
Hypodoryctes	sibiricus	none & JM 981	Finland & no data	AJ302895 DQ498965
Syngaster	lepidus	—	Australia	AJ245698 DQ498963
Hormiinae
Hormius	moniliatus	za201|203	Greenland	— KF604624
Hormius	Janzen09	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ549093
Hormius	Janzen08	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ548789
Hormius	Janzen04	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ549032
Hormius	Janzen02	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ548710
Hormius	Janzen10	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ548755
Hormius	Janzen01	—	Costa Rica: A. C. Guanacaste	— HQ549024
Hormius	sp.1	AL0161	? Malaysia	AY935455 AY935385
Hormius	sp.2	PNG00680177	PNG: Madang, Wanang	— FN662432
Hormius	sp.3	PNG00405874	PNG: East Sepik	— FN662431
Hormius	sp.4	CNIN954	Mexico: Chamela	— KX058580
Hormius	sp.5	BF00473	Hungary	— KX058581
Hormius	sp.6	BJS2011	—	JF979798|932 —
Hormius	sp.7	JM582	Madagascar: Mahajanga Prov.	AY935455 AY935385
Parahormius	JM576	Cameroun: Mt. Coupe	AY935456 AY935386
Lysiterminae
Acanthormius	sp.1	JM692	Madagascar	AJ302883 AY935381
Acanthormius	sp.2	BCLDQ00238	Thailand: Khao Yai N.P.	— KM067236
Acanthormius	sp.3	QL2013	?China	— KF385867
Atritermus	pedestris	NHM675950	Madagascar: Mahajanga, Baie de Bali N.P.	DQ414401 —
Aulosaphes ?	DQBKK0001	Thailand	— KX058582
Aulosaphoides	—	Thailand	KX058606 —
Carinitermus	NHM671037	Madagascar	DQ414402 —
Katytermus	Hym-08	Japan: Honshu, Kobe, Rokko Mts	EU854406 EU979624
Lysitermus	sp.1	AL0220	Uganda: Western Prov., Kibale	KM067238 —
Lysitermus	sp.2	BF000511	Nigeria: Ibadan	KM067177 JF963503
Lysitermus	sp.3	AAP0959	Mexico	— HQ201061

Table 1. Continued. Accession

Subfamilies and genera	Species	Specimen voucher	Provenance	GenBank 28S	Number CO1
Pentatermus	sp.1	BCLDQ00264	Thailand: Phu Kradueng N.P.	KM067179	KM067254
Pentatermus	nr striatus	BCLDQ01490	Thailand: Karnchanaburi, Wachiralongkorn Dam	—	KX058583
Pentatermus	sp.2	JM695	Benin	AY935453	AY935383
? Pentatermus	NHM673577	Madagascar	—	KX058584
Pentatermus	sp.3	BF00599	Nigeria	KM067212	KX058585
Platyrmus	maichaui	—	Vietnam: Hoa Binh, Cuc Phuong N.P.	EU854407	—
Tetratermus	ZISPJo703	Uganda: Western Prov, Kibale	AY935452	AY935382
?Tetratermus	NHM671109	Madagascar: Ranomafana N.P.	—	FN662435
Tetratermini gen.	BB00012	Thailand	—	KX058586
Lysiterminae gen.	sp.1	DQBJS001	Australia: SA, Belair N.P.	KM067181	KM067255
Lysiterminae gen.	sp.2	NHM673530	Madagascar: Ranomafana	—	KX058587
Mesostoinae
Mesostoa	kerri	—	Australia: SA, Kingston	AJ302930	AY935415
Pambolinae
Cedriini gen.	BF000444	Australia: Queensland	JF963049	KX058588
Cedria	JM579	Madagascar: Ranomafana	AY935460	AY935390
Chremylus	BOLD:ACO0535	Canada	—	KX058589
Notiopambolus	depressicauda	JM651	Australia: Canberra	AY935459	AY935389
Pambolus	sp.1	JM597	Venezuela: Choroni	AY935458	AY935388
Pambolus	sp.2	AW125	Costa Rica	JN212493	JN212220
Pambolus	sp.3 (apterous)	NHM673529	Madagascar: Ranomafana	KX058607	JF973372
Pambolus	sp.4	BF000614	Nigeria	KM067185	JF963048
Pseudorhysipolis	mellifacies	BCLDQ01435	French Guiana: Regina, Kaw Mt., Patawa	—	KM997718
Pseudorhysipolis	sp.1	JM758	Costa Rica	AY935450	AY935377
Pseudorhysipolis	sp.2	BJS082	—	JF979794	—
Rhysipolinae
Parachremylus	BF000619	Nigeria	EU854408	—
Pseudavga	flavicoxa	JM696	Russia: Spassk-Dal'niy	AY935454	AY935384
Rhysipolis	sp.1	BCLDQ01556	Thailand	—	KX058590
Rhysipolis	sp.2	BKK0005	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KX058608	KX058591
Rhysipolis	sp.3	JMH2010	USA	GQ374708	GQ374626
Rhysipolis	sp.4	BJS243	Hungary	JF979815	—
Rhysipolis	sp.5	BCLDQ00460	Colombia: Cauca, PNN Munchique, Sector la Romelia	KX058609	KX058592
Rhysipolis	sp.6	SRS00030	Ecuador: Yanayacu Biological Station	—	KX058593

Table 1. Continued.

Subfamilies and genera	Species	Specimen voucher	Provenance	GenBank Accession 28S	Number CO1
Rhysipolis	temporalis	JM886	Russia: Primorskiy Kray	AY935449	AY935376
Rhysipolis	sp.7	BCLDQ01538	Thailand: Doi Chiang Dao N.P.	—	KM067237
Troporhysipolis	molecularis	PNG00504974	PNG: Madang, Ohu	—	KX058577
Troporhysipolis	brenthiaphagus	PNG00645507	PNG: Madang, Morox	—	KX058578
Rhysipolinae ?genus	sp.1	DQBKK0014	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KX058610	KX058594
Rhysipolinae ?genus	sp.2	DQBKK0013	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	—	KX058595
Rhyssalinae
Acrisis	brevicornis	—	Russia	AY935483	AY935410
Acrisis	BJS2011	—	JF979900|765	—
Dolopsidea	indagator	—	UK: Berkshire, Ascot	AF029136	—
nr Dolopsidea	X1	Madagascar	KX058604	—
Histeromerus	mystacinus	JMRB6	UK: Berkshire, Ascot	KX058605	KX058579
Lysitermoides	compsolechiae	NL683	UK	identical to O. rugosus	—
Lysitermoides	rugosus	NL684	UK	AY935481	AY935407
Rhyssalus	clavator	JM890	Poland: Kazimierz	AY935482	AY935409
Thoracoplites	pronotalis	—	Kenya	AJ302920	—
Tobiason	bifurcator	—	Vietnam	AY935480	AY935408
Rogadinae
Aleiodes	“long ovipositor”	DQBKK0039	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	identical to EU854341	KX058596
Anachyra	—	Malaysia: Cameron Highlands	AY935463	—
Arcaleiodes	BCLDQ00286	Nepal: Kathmandu, Kakani	JF903056	JF962914
Artocella	askewi	—	Spain: Zaragoza	AY935451	AY935379
Athacryvac	nr alternatus	BCLDQ00932	Colombia: Valle del Cauca, Farellones des Cali Cgto.,	KX058611	KX058597
La Meseta
Bulborogas	sp.1	AL0203	French Guyana: Kaw Mt.	EU854359	AY935372
Choreborogas	AL0508	Costa Rica	KM067207	JF963107
Clinocentrus	sp.7	DQBKK0012	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KX058612	KX058598
Clinocentrus	caucasicus	BCLDQ00930	Hungary: Veroce	—	JF962606
Clinocentrus	politus	—	China	AY167658	—
Clinocentrus	cunctator	JM702	UK: Berkshire, Ascot	AJ784962	AY935378
Clinocentrus	sp.2	DQBKK0009	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KM067233	KM067252
Clinocentrus	sp.3	DQBKK0015	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KM067233	KM067251
Clinocentrus	umbratilis	BCLDQ00609	France: Languedoc-Roussillon	—	KX058599
Clinocentrus	sp.6	DQBKK0010	PNG: Madang, Mt Wilhelm	KX058613	KX058600

Propodeum areolate. Fore wing vein cu- a (nervulus) anterfurcal and second subdiscal (brachial) cell swollen.

1 Number CO Accession S GenBank 28	058601 KX 058614 KX	963113 JF 067191KM	435170 HM 067192KM	067258KM —	078033KM 078031KM	935365 AY 784935AJ	067261KM 067197KM	067259KM 067195KM	067260KM 067196KM	963534 JF 067175KM	067253KM 067176KM	935374 AY 935448AY	935373 AY 784961AJ	212223 JN 212496 JN	058602 KX 058615 KX	— 058616 KX	058603 KX 067235KM	935380 AY 784933AJ	— 450764 EU
.Continued. 1 Table	Provenance	Wilhelm Mt, Madang: PNG	Cauca del Valle: Colombia	Planada La, Narino: Colombia	. P. N Sok Khao:Thailand	Repucura Sendero Anticura Puyehue. N. P: Chile	Ascot, Berkshire: UK	Wilhelm Mt, Madang: PNG	Wilhelm Mt, Madang: PNG	Wilhelm Mt, Madang: PNG	Mtn Black Canberra: Australia	Wilhelm Mt, Madang: PNG	Magdelina: Colombia	Rica Costa	Rica Costa	Madagascar	Madagascar	Madagascar	Taiwan	Chau Mai, Binh Hoa: Vietnam
Specimen voucher	0040 DQBKK	00835 BCLDQ	01211 BCLDQ	01571 BCLDQ	00455 BCLDQ	201 AL	007DQBKK	006 DQBKK	008 DQBKK	000422 BF	0002 BKK	821 JM	730 JM	004 AW	671054 NHM	671001 NHM	670789 NHM	0170 AL	—
Species	5. sp	4. sp	1. sp	panturat	humphriesi	dispar	jamesmayi	clarksoni	hammondi	sasquatch	1. sp	2. sp	1. sp	2. sp	3. sp	4. sp	capitatus
and Subfamilies genera	Clinocentrus	Clinocentrus	Clinocentrus	Confusocentrus	Gondwanocentrus	Heterogamus	Kerevata	Kerevata	Kerevata	Mesocentrus	Mesocentrus	Choreborogas	Stiropius	Stiropius	Tebennotoma	Tebennotoma	Tebennotoma	Tebennotoma	sedis Aulosaphobracon incertae

The new genus is morphologically similar to Rhysipolis Haliday , but differs in the form of the second subdiscal (brachial) cell (widened medially or posteriorly), vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) anterfurcal and vein 2 CUb (parallel) arising distinctly before middle of distal margin of second subdiscal (brachial) cell. Type species . Clinocentrus antefurcalis Granger, 1949 . Description. Head transverse ( Figs 17 , 28 ). Vertex smooth. Ocelli enlarged, arranged in triangle with base weakly larger than its sides or in almost equilateral triangle ( Figs 17 , 28 ). Occipital carina distinct, complete dorsally and ventrally, ventrally not joining with hypostomal carina and reaching lower margin of head capsule near mandible separate from hypostomal carina. Eyes glabrous, distinctly and widely emarginated opposite antennal sockets. Face convex, without pointed tooth between antennal sockets, without carina between antennal socket and eye ( Figs 4 , 18 ). Clypeal suture entirely distinct. Hypoclypeal depression mediumsized and subrounded. Malar suture absent. Mandible short, thick basally and strongly narrowed apically. Maxillary palp 6 -segmented; labial palp 4 -segmented, second labial segment thickened, third segment long. Scape without spine, its dorsal margin weakly longer than ventral margin (lateral view). First flagellomere approximately as long as second flagellomere or weakly longer. Apical flagellomere pointed distally and with distinct apical spine ( Figs 2 , 14 ). Mesosoma ( Figs 5, 6 , 19 , 30 ). Pronotum without pronope, its anterior flange wide. Propleuron with large posterodorsal flange. Notauli complete, deep anteriorly and shallow posteriorly. Mesoscutum mostly smooth, distinctly roundly elevated above pronotum. Scuto-scutellar suture distinct medially and fine or very fine laterally. Scutellar sulcus (prescutellar depression) deep and long, with high median carina; submedial carinae variable. Scutellum convex, without lateral carinae and subposterior depression. Metanotum long, with distinct dorsomedian carina. Epicnemial (prepectal) carina distinct and complete. Precoxal sulcus (sternaulus) long, narrow, weakly sinuate, more or less distinctly separated from median coxa. Metapleural flange short and wide, rounded apically. Propodeum with areas delineated by distinct carinae ( Figs 20 , 24 ). Wings ( Figs 9 , 23 ). Vein r-rs (radial) arising from or almost from middle of pterostigma. Parastigma long and distinctly separated from pterostigma. Marginal (radial) cell not shortened. Second submarginal (second radiomedial) cell long and narrowed towards apex. Vein m-cu (recurrent) distinctly antefurcal. Veins 1 -M (basal) and m-cu (recurrent) weakly divergent posteriorly or subparallel. Vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) distinctly antefurcal. First discal (discoidal) cell wide, petiolate anteriorly. First subdiscal (brachial) cell long, wide, weakly swollen, sometimes weakly widened towards apex ( Figs 12 , 31 ). Vein M+CU (medio-cubital) entirely straight. Vein CU 1 a (parallel) vein arising weakly before or almost from middle of distal margin of first subdiscal (brachial) cell. Vein CU 1 b (brachial) distinctly oblique towards base of wing. In hind wing, Vein M+CU (first abscissa of medio-cubital) 0.7–0.8 times as long as vein 1 M (second abscissa of medio-cubital). Vein m-cu (recurrent) present, but short or very short. Legs. All femora narrow ( Figs 8 , 32 ). Hind coxa long and narrow, longer than propodeum ( Fig. 24 ). Tarsal segments long and rather slender. Hind tibial spurs subequal, straight and entirely setose. Claws simple, short, distinctly curved apically. Metasoma ( Figs 11, 12 , 25 , 32 ). First tergite distinctly and linearly widened towards apex, with large dorsope, with distinctly convergent but not fused and not complete basal carinae ( Figs 20 , 24 ). Tergites behind first one weakly sclerotized, smooth or shagreened. Second suture very shallow, narrow, almost straight. Second tergites with separated laterotergites. Fourthseventh tergites distinctly exposed behind third tergite. Ovipositor ( Figs 1 , 11 ) straight, rather long, more or less thickened subapically, with distinct dorsal notch. Key to species of Troporhysipolis gen. nov. 1 . Antenna with more than 37 flagellomeres; prescutellar depression with median and two or more lateral carinae ( Fig. 7 ); fore wing vein cu-a (nervulus) antefurcal by approximately 0.2–0.5 of distance between veins 1 -M (basal) and cu-a (nervulus) ( Fig. 10 ); propodeum, first tergite entirely and at least second tergite laterally more or less distinctly but always darker than rest of body ( Figs 1, 6, 7 , 12 ). [Afrotropical]................. T. antefurcalis (Granger) –. Antenna with fewer than 37 flagellomeres; prescutellar depression with only median carina ( Figs 19 , 29 ); fore wing vein cu-a (nervulus) antefurcal by approximately 0.9–1.2 of distance between veins 1 -M (basal) and cu-a (nervulus) ( Figs 13 , 23 , 31 ); propodeum and first-third tergites unicolorous with remainder of body ( Figs 14 , 24– 26 ) [ Papua New Guinea ].................................... 2 2 . Wings infumate with dark brown venation ( Fig. 23 ); notauli uniting well before scutellar sulcus forming a single mid-longitudinal groove ( Fig. 22 ); median area of metanotum large, without mid-longitudinal carina; propodeum with mid-longitudinal carina present on anterior 0.7 and posteriorly dividing to give rise to a narrow lozenge-shaped areola ( Fig. 24 ); fore wing vein m-cu (recurrent) not especially thickened, more or less straight ( Fig. 23 ); hind tarsus black ( Fig. 21 )........ T. markshawi sp. nov. –. Wings hyaline with pale brownish yellow venation ( Figs 13 , 26 ); notauli remaining separate to posteri- or of mesoscutum where they are separated by a mid-longitudinal groove and coarse sculpture ( Figs 19 , 29 ); median area of metanotum small, with weak but distinct mid-longitudinal ridge or carina ( Fig. 29 ); propodeum with mid-longitudinal carina present on anterior 0.3–0.5 and posteriorly dividing to give wider, more angularly shaped areola ( Figs 20 , 29 ); fore wing vein m-cu (recurrent) distinctly thickened and curved ( Figs 13 , 31 ); hind tarsus yellow ( Figs 26, 27 )............................. 3 3 . Frons with a distinct though weak mid-longitudinal sulcus ( Fig. 28 ) [see also barcode characters in Table 2 ]................ T. molecularis sp. nov. –. Frons essentially flat, without any mid-longitudinal sulcus ( Fig. 17 )...... T. brenthiaphagus sp. nov.