Prodromus of a fern flora of Bolivia. XLII. Update I. Author Kessler, Michael Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland. Author Smith, Alan R. University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465. Author Øllgaard, Benjamin Department of Biology - Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Ny Munkegade 116, building 1137, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Author Matos, Fernando B. Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental (CRIA), Rua João Carlos do Amaral 500, 13070 - 111, Campinas, SP, Brasil. Author Moran, Robbin C. New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, New York, 10458 - 5126, USA. text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-12-20 630 3 183 210 https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.630.3.2/51376 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.630.3.2 1179-3163 10409920 Cheilanthes Kessler et al . (2017) listed 14 species of Cheilanthes for Bolivia , including C. rufopunctata from central Peru and Bolivia . Recently, Ponce et al . (2023) studied Cheilanthes volcanensis de la Sota , an overlooked species from northwest Argentina that is closely related to C. rufopunctata , admittedly quite variable. The two taxa are sister to each in the phylogeny provided by Ponce et al. , and with fewer genetic differences in any other species-pair in their tree.According to them, the two species differ only in what we consider to be minor morphological details, including: non-lignified root parenchyma in C. volcanensis (vs. lignified); 3-layered root pericycle (vs. 1- or 2-layered); ovate-triangular, long-attenuate rhizome scales (vs. subulate, short-attenuate); different petiole cross-section; membranaceous leaf texture (vs. chartaceous); and hyaline lamina hairs (vs. reddish). However, Ponce et al . (2023) only studied a single specimen of C. rufopunctata , limiting their understanding of the variability within that species. Ponce et al . (2023) also mentioned the occurrence of C. volcanensis for Bolivia , although without providing a specimen citation. Upon inquiry, M. Ponce (pers. comm.) informed us that the record is based on J . Steinbach 3956 ( Bolivia , Cochabamba , Prov. Tortora, Bucona, 2200 m , quebrada húmeda, 29.03.1920 , NY). We have been unable to study this specimen but have revisited specimens of C. rufopunctata at UC. Based on the variation we see within that species (with UC specimens exhibiting a combination of characters), we are unable to confirm consistent differences between the two species. Pending further study, we do not include C. volcanensis in the Bolivian flora.