<document id="918D5A88BFE2A455687393DFA4D4FCDE" ID-CLB-Dataset="45769" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3796.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="29627432-0fba-4bb2-8bad-142d6fdbbde5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="251140" ID-ZooBank="66323922-2C76-4AB7-98E6-59205AF86DBA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460420509059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Swain, Timothy D. &amp; Swain, Laura M." docDate="2014" docId="32546E5CA524FFFFFF52FBCEE688FB3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03796p107.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3796 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Brachycnemina" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="CE6D1624A531FFEAFFC5FF98E243FFE5" masterDocTitle="Molecular parataxonomy as taxon description: examples from recently named Zoanthidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) with revision based on serial histology of microanatomy" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1698329685773" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="631E675E90C1D200426984967F9D442D">Molecular parataxonomy as taxon description: examples from recently named Zoanthidea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) with revision based on serial histology of microanatomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="32546E5CA524FFFFFF52FBCEE688FB3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672482" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119426786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672482" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:32546E5CA524FFFFFF52FBCEE688FB3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/32546E5CA524FFFFFF52FBCEE688FB3F" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="21" pageNumber="102">
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Suborder 
<taxonomicName id="7DFDA4C9A524FFFFFED0FBCEE399FB95" ID-CoL="844GM" box="[277,474,1110,1136]" class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Brachycnemina">Brachycnemina</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="DE6CA2BBA524FFFFFE24FBCEE101FB95" author="Haddon" box="[481,834,1110,1136]" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" refString="Haddon, A. C. &amp; Shackleton, A. M. (1891) A Revision of the British Actini. Part II: The Zoanthe. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 4, 609 - 672." type="journal article" year="1891">Haddon &amp; Shackleton, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="7DFDA4C9A524FFFFFF52FB05E356FB53" ID-CoL="4C3" box="[151,277,1181,1206]" class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="order">Zoanthidea</taxonomicName>
with imperfect fifth mesenteries (
<bibRefCitation id="DE6CA2BBA524FFFFFD50FB05E196FB53" author="Haddon" box="[661,981,1181,1206]" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" refString="Haddon, A. C. &amp; Shackleton, A. M. (1891) A Revision of the British Actini. Part II: The Zoanthe. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 4, 609 - 672." type="journal article" year="1891">Haddon &amp; Shackleton 1891</bibRefCitation>
). The defining character (imperfect fifth mesenteries) is synapomorphic and the suborder 
<taxonomicName id="7DFDA4C9A524FFFFFD7FFB59E129FB3F" ID-CoL="844GM" box="[698,874,1217,1242]" class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zoantharia" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Brachycnemina">Brachycnemina</taxonomicName>
is monophyletic (
<bibRefCitation id="DE6CA2BBA524FFFFFBF6FB59E6FCFB3F" author="Swain" box="[1075,1215,1217,1242]" pageId="21" pageNumber="102" refString="Swain, T. D. (2010) Evolutionary transitions in symbioses: dramatic reductions in bathymetric and geographic ranges of Zoanthidea coincide with loss of symbioses with invertebrates. Molecular Ecology, 19, 2587 - 2598. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 x. 2010.04672. x" type="journal article" year="2010">Swain 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
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