Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus Author Adler, Peter H. Author Crosskey, Roger W. text Zootaxa 2015 2015-06-25 3975 1 1 139 journal article 40068 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3975.1.1 f6b9d620-532d-41b6-ba53-47440a18831c 1175-5326 192364 711879C2-8A69-4F47-B637-2FA1852C23B8 VENUSTUM species-group Simulium arakawae Matsumura Hadi, Takaoka & Aoki ( 1996 , description, photos of all arms, polytene chromosome relative lengths): Japan Huang, Adler & Takaoka ( 2011 , characterization; inversions mapped; notes on B chromosomes; photos of IL end, IIS, and IIL; resolution relative to S. venustum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Japan Simulium bergi Rubtsov Chubareva & Petrukhina ( 1970 , note on comparison with S. erythrocephalum , photos of end of IIIL and lowmagnification polytene complement): [ Armenia ] Chubareva, Petrova & Petrukhina ( 1971 , note on comparison with S. erythrocephalum , photos of IIIS and IIIL ends and low-magnification polytene complement): Armenia Chubareva & Petrova ( 1979, 2003 , notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan ( 2003 , photos of centromere regions): Armenia Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva ( 2003 , notes on general polytene features): Armenia Chubareva & Petrova ( 2008 a , description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia Simulium curvistylus Rubtsov Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang ( 1998 , notes on relation to Simulium subgeneric standard and selected members of the S. venustum group): Sweden Simulium hematophilum Laboulbène Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC 2 venustum ’): Canada , USA Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC’): [North America ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram, note on IIIL polymorphism; as S. venustum ‘CC 2 ’): Canada Feraday in Adler & Kim ( 1986 , chromosomal characters in larval key, note on IIL- 1 inversion; as S. venustum ‘cytospecies CC 2 ’): USA McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘CC 2 venustum ’): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, inversion frequencies, 2 new cytoforms recognized [unnamed]; as S. venustum ‘CC 2 ’): Canada , USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘CC 2 venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. hematophilum , sex-chromosome polymorphism): North America Simulium incognitum Adler & Mason Adler ( 1986 , characterization, comparison with selected members of S. venustum group; as S. venustum cytotype ‘CC 4 ’): Canada Adler & Mason ( 1997 , characterization, formal name for Adler’s 1986 S. venustum ‘CC 4 ’, inversions mapped, photos of partial IIIL and polymorphisms): Canada , USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key): North America Simulium irritatum Lugger Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC 3 ’): [ Canada ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘CC 3 [CC(gB)B]’): Canada Adler ( 1986 , notes on geographic variation; as S. venustum cytospecies ‘CC 3 ’): Canada Ciborowski & Adler ( 1990 , notes on B chromosomes and geographic variation; as S. venustum ‘CC 3 ’): Canada McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘CC 3 venustum ’): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, geographic variation, inversion frequencies; as S. venustum ‘CC 3 ’): Canada , USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of Rothfels’s 1981 a S. venustum ‘CC 3 ’ as S. irritatum ): North America Simulium minutum Lugger Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC 1 venustum ’): Canada Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC 1 ’): [ Canada ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC 1 ’): Canada Hunter ( 1990 , chromosomal key; as ‘CC 1 venustum ’): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘CC 1 venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. minutum ): North America Simulium molestum Harris Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘A/C venustum ’): USA Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘A/C’): [ USA ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘A/C’): USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, evidence of reproductive isolation from S. hematophilum , recognition of S. ‘A/C venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. molestum ): North America Simulium morsitans Edwards Kudule ( 1973 , description; photos of all chromosomes, B chromosomes, and polymorphisms): Latvia Chubareva ( 1974 a , frequency of B chromosomes, photos of B chromosomes and low-magnification polytene complement): Russia Kudule & Shternbergs ( 1975 , notes on comparison with S. rostratum [as S. argyreatum ]): Latvia Chubareva & Petrova ( 1979, 2003 , notes on general polytene features): Latvia , Russia Chubareva & Petrova ( 1984 , 2000 b , note on B chromosomes): Russia Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang ( 1999 , resolution relative to S. curvistylus ): Sweden Chubareva & Petrova ( 2004 , notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia Chubareva & Petrova ( 2006 , description of B chromosomes, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase complement): Russia Chubareva & Petrova ( 2008 a , description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia Simulium paramorsitans Rubtsov Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang ( 1999 , note on resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden Simulium piscicidium Riley Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IIL, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘AC(gB) venustum ’): Canada Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): [ Canada ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): Canada , USA McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘AC(gb) venustum ’): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, inversion frequencies, new cytoform recognized [unnamed]; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘AC(gB) venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. piscicidium ): North America Simulium posticatum Meigen NOTE : The identity of the species treated by Knoz & Chubareva ( 1974 ) and Chubareva & Petrova ( 1979, 1984 , 2003 , 2008a ) as S. austeni and/or S. posticatum is uncertain, but it is not S. posticatum or any other examined member of the S. venustum group. Knoz & Chubareva ( 1974 , description, low-magnification photos of B chromosomes and polytene complement; as S. posticatum / austeni ): Czech Republic Chubareva & Petrova ( 1979 , notes on general polytene features; as S. austeni ): Czech Republic Rothfels ( 1979 , cytodendrogram; as S. austeni ): Britain ([ England ]) Chubareva & Petrova ( 1984 , note on B chromosomes; as S. austeni ): Czech Republic Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang ( 1999 , notes on resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Britain ( England ), Sweden Chubareva & Petrova ( 2003 , notes on general polytene features): Czech Republic Chubareva & Petrova ( 2008 a , description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and polytene complements): Czech Republic Simulium rostratum (Lundström) Zimring ( 1953 , idiogram, photos of CI and CII regions and portions of all chromosomes, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. venustum ): Canada Chubareva & Petrova ( 1968 , description; frequency of B chromosomes; photos of metaphase and polytene B chromosomes, polytene complement, and ends of IS, IIS, IIIS , and IIIL ; as S. verecundum ): Russia Chubareva ( 1971 , note on B chromosomes; as S. verecundum ): Russia Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , B chromosomes; characterization; cytodendrogram; drawing of IIL; inversions mapped; male chiasmate meiosis; photos of IS polymorphisms, IL , IIL, and IIIL ; resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘ACD verecundum ’): Britain ([ England ]), Canada , Finland , Norway Chubareva & Petrova ( 1979, 2003 , notes on general polytene features; as S. verecundum ): Russia Gordon & Cupp ( 1980 , inversion frequencies; as S. verecundum ‘ACD’): USA Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. verecundum ‘ACD’): [ Britain ( England ), Canada , Finland , Norway ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. ‘ACD ver’): [ Britain ( England ), Canada , Finland , Norway ] Chubareva & Petrova ( 1984 , note on B chromosomes; as S. verecundum ): Russia Adler ( 1986 , notes on B chromosomes and geographic variation; as S. verecundum cytospecies ‘ACD’): Canada Currie & Adler ( 1986 , note on geographic variation; as S. verecundum ‘cytospecies ACD’): Canada Hunter ( 1990 , chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of IS partial, IL , IIIS , and sex chromosomes; as ‘ACD rostratum ’): Canada McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘ACD verecundum ’): Canada McCreadie & Colbo ( 1991 , effect of temperature on polytene chromosome quality): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, inversion frequencies): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, photo of IIL base and partial IIIL of autotriploid): North America Chubareva & Petrova ( 2004 , notes on B chromosomes and general polytene features, photo of polytene complement including B chromosomes, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. argyreatum ): Russia Chubareva & Petrova ( 2008 a , description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and low-resolution polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. argyreatum ): Czech Republic , Russia Simulium rubtzovi Smart Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang ( 1999 , notes on B chromosomes and resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden , USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden , USA Simulium tormentor Adler, Currie & Wood Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘H/C’): [ Canada ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘H/C sibling’): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key, formal name for Rothfels’s 1981 a S. venustum ‘H/C sibling’, sex-chromosome polymorphism): Canada Simulium truncatum (Lundström) Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, photo of IIS, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘EFG/C venustum ’): Canada , Finland , Norway Rothfels ( 1979 , cytodendrogram): Scandinavia Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘EFG/C’): Canada , Finland , Norway , USA Hunter ( 1990 , chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of B chromosomes, IL , IIS, IIL, and IIIL ; polytene chromosomes from adult Malpighian tubules; as ‘EFG/C truncatum ’): Canada McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, note on sex exceptions, photo of chromosome II; as ‘EFG/C venustum ’): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, note on sex exceptions): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , chromosomal characters in larval key): North America Simulium venustum Say Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, drawings of all arms, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photos of all arms, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC venustum ’): Canada , USA Rothfels ( 1979 , cytodendrogram): North America Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram, de novo interchange in individual; as S. venustum and S. venustum ‘CC’): [North America ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC’): Canada , USA Adler & Kim ( 1986 , chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. venustum cytospecies ‘CC’): USA Currie & Adler ( 1986 , note on geographic variation; as S. venustum ‘cytospecies CC’): Canada Coscarón ( 1989 , idiogram): [North America ] Hunter ( 1990 , chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of B chromosomes, IS, IL , IIS, IIL, and IIIL ; polytene chromosomes from adult Malpighian tubules; as ‘CC venustum ’): Canada Coscarón-Arias ( 2000 , idiogram): [North America ] Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. venustum ‘CC’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. venustum s. str. ): North America Sharp & Hunter ( 2008 , chiasmate meiosis in mermithid-infected male larvae; as S. venustum / truncatum / rostratum ): Canada Simulium verecundum Stone & Jamnback Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IIL, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘AA verecundum ’ and ‘A/C verecundum ’): Canada Rothfels ( 1979 , cytodendrogram): North America Gordon & Cupp ( 1980 , inversion frequencies; as S. verecundum ‘AA-AC’): USA Rothfels ( 1980 , cytodendrogram; as S. verecundum ‘AA’, ‘A/C’, and ‘CC’): [North America ] Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. ‘AA ver’, ‘A/C ver’, and ‘CC ver’): Canada , USA Adler & Kim ( 1986 , chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. verecundum cytospecies ‘A/C’): USA Ciborowski & Adler ( 1990 , notes on geographic variation and IIS sequences; as S. verecundum ‘AA-A/C-CC’): Canada Hunter ( 1990 , chromosomal key, inversions mapped; as ‘A/C verecundum ’): Canada McCreadie ( 1991 , characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘AA verecundum ’): Canada McCreadie, Adler & Colbo ( 1994 , characterization, inversion frequencies): Canada Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, photo of B chromosome, possible sibling species): North America Simulium ‘EFG venustum ’ Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps NOTE : Although Rothfels ( 1979 ) tentatively identified this species as S. morsitans , its banding pattern does not match that of bona fide S. morsitans , which does not carry the IIS EFG sequence (Adler, unpublished). Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps ( 1978 , characterization, partial resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘EFG venustum ’): Germany Rothfels ( 1979 , cytodendrogram; as S. morsitans ?): Germany Rothfels ( 1981 a , cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘EFG’): Germany , Norway Simulium venustum ‘JJ’ Rothfels Rothfels ( 1981 a , characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘JJ, The Oregon Sibling’): USA Adler, Currie & Wood ( 2004 , breakpoints of J inversion, chromosomal characters in larval key): USA