Five new species of the sisorid catfish genus Glyptothorax from Iran (Teleostei: Sisoridae) Author Mousavi-Sabet, Hamed Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran. Author Eagderi, Soheil Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. Author Vatandoust, Saber Department of Fisheries, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran. Author Freyhof, Jörg 0000-0002-0457-6758 Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, 10115 Berlin, Germany. joerg. freyhof @ mfn. berlin; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0457 - 6758 joerg.freyhof@mfn.berlin text Zootaxa 2021 2021-11-12 5067 4 451 484 journal article 54104 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.4.1 81fe270d-022e-4c5e-8387-c94ee145be0d 1175-5326 5683323 F3973710-8AE6-4FF8-9D63-FAAF438FBF3B Glyptothorax silviae Coad, 1981 ( Fig. 3–6 ) Glyptothorax silviae Coad, 1981:291 Material examined. CMNFI 1979-0390A, 67.6 mm SL, holotype ; CMNFI 1979-0390B, 2, paratypes , 44–51 mm SL; Iran : Khuzestan prov. : stream 3 km south of Bagh`e Malek , a tributary to Rud-e Zard or Ab-e Ala , 31.483 49.908 (photographs only).— FSJF 4116 , 5 , 45–95 mm SL; Iran : Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyer Ahmad prov. : Maroun River at Garab-e-Lodab , 30.9455 50.9042 .— MNRF-UT-1221, 10, 49–91 mm SL; Iran : Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyer Ahmad prov. : Maroun River at Garab-e-Lodab , 30.9455 50.9042 .— VMFC GTSI, 10, 83– 99 mm SL; Iran : Khuzestan prov. : stream Rud-e Zard at Rudzard , 31.3680 49.7258 . Material used in molecular genetic analysis. IMNRF-UT-1221 ; Iran : Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyer Ahmad prov. : Maroun River at Garab-e-Lodab , 30.9455 50.9042 (GenBank accession numbers: MZ959028 , MZ959029 ) .— VMFC GTSI; Iran : Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyer Ahmad prov. : Maroun River at Qale-Gol , 30.9586 50.6152 (GenBank accession numbers: MZ959030 ) . Diagnosis. Glyptothorax silviae is distinguished from G. armeniacus , G. cous , G. daemon and G. kurdistanicus by having an elevated (vs. not elevated in G. cous ) thoracic adhesive apparatus, 1.0–1.2 times longer than wide (vs. as wide as long, 0.8 – 1.1 in G. cous ; wider than long, 0.7 – 0.9 in G. kurdistanicus ). There are no or few, very short anteromedial striae on the thoracic adhesive apparatus in G. silviae (vs. many and long in G. armeniacus , G. cous and G. daemon ), and the thoracic adhesive apparatus is extending from the isthmus to the base of last pectoralfin ray or to the posterior limit of the pectoral-fin base (vs. to base of first or third branched pectoral-fin ray in G. kurdistanicus ). It is well delineated at its posterior margin (poorly delineated in G. cous ), completely situated on the horseshoe shaped swelling (vs. extending beyond the swelling, usually onto the pectoral-fin base in G. cous ). In G. silviae , the head and body lack tubercles (vs. presence in G. armeniacus , G. cous and G. steindachneri ), the caudal-peduncle depth, 1.3–1.6 times in its length (vs. 1.6–2.3 in G. cous and G. daemon ), the caudal fin lobes are pointed (vs. rounded in G. armeniacus , G. kurdistanicus and G. daemon ), the caudal fin is deeply forked, the shortest middle caudal-fin ray is 40–43% of the longest ray of the upper caudal-fin lobe (vs. moderately forked, 58–69% in G. armeniacus , G. kurdistanicus and G. daemon ). Glyptothorax silviae has distinct yellow tips on the fins (vs. with very indistinct or no yellow tips in G. daemon ). It is further distinguished from G. steindachneri by having a short adipose-fin, its length 0.8–1.0 times (vs. 1.5–3.0) larger than the distance between the base of last dorsal-fin ray and the adipose-fin origin, the medial pit without striae (with striae), and 9–11 serrae on the inner margin of the pectoral fin-spine (vs. 13–17). FIGURE 3. Glyptothorax silviae , from top: CMNFI 1979-0390A, 67.6 mm SL, holotype; CMNFI 1979-0390B, 51 mm SL, 44 mm SL, paratypes; Iran: stream 3 km south of Bagh`e Malek. Glyptothorax silviae is distinguished from G. alidaeii by having a more deeply forked caudal fin (shortest middle caudal-fin ray is 40–43% of the longest ray of the upper caudal-fin lobe vs. 57–65), longer barbels (maxillary barbel 92–110% HL vs. 76–90, inner mandibular barbel 45–48% HL vs. 30–33, outer mandibular barbel 67–74% HL vs. 43–49), and no silvery-beige spots and blotches on head and flank in life (vs. many). FIGURE 4. Glyptothorax silviae , from left: CMNFI 1979-0390A, 67.6 mm SL, holotype; CMNFI 1979-0390B, 51 mm SL, 44 mm SL, paratypes; Iran: stream 3 km south of Bagh`e Malek. FIGURE 5. Glyptothorax silviae , from top: VMFC GTSI, 86 mm SL, 84 mm SL, 53 mm SL, 58 mm SL; Iran: stream Rud-e Zard. FIGURE 6. Glyptothorax silviae , from top: IMNRF-UT-1221, 85 mm SL; Iran: Jarrahi; uncatalogued, 85 mm SL; Iran: Jarrahi (photo by Yaser Fatemi). It is distinguished from G. galaxias by having the thoracic adhesive apparatus without or few, very short anteromedial striae (vs. numerous and long), longer barbels (maxillary barbel 92–110% HL vs. 77–91, inner mandibular barbel 45–48% HL vs. 26–33, outer mandibular barbel 67–74% HL vs. 56–58), pointed caudal fin lobes (vs. rounded), a more deeply forked caudal fin (shortest middle caudal-fin ray is 40–43% of the longest ray of the upper caudal-fin lobe vs. 61–65), and the flank with few spots and small blotches or only small blotches all smaller than eye diameter (vs. many, irregular shaped and set dark-brown blotches on flank, as large as the eye-diameter or slightly larger). Glyptothorax silviae is distinguished from G. hosseinpanahii by having the thoracic adhesive apparatus strongly elevated (vs. moderately elevated), without or few short anteromedial striae (vs. many and long), and longer mandibular barbels (inner mandibular barbel 45–48% HL vs. 25–35, outer mandibular barbel 67–74% HL vs. 46–61). It is distinguished from G. pallens by having a more slender caudal-peduncle (1.3–1.6 times in its length vs. 1.1– 1.3), and longer mandibular barbels (inner mandibular barbel 45–48% HL vs. 38–42, outer mandibular barbel 67–74% HL vs. 52–59). Glyptothorax silviae is distinguished from G. shapuri by having a more shallow body (body depth 16–18% SL vs. 19–20), longer barbels (maxillary barbel 92–110% HL vs. 81–84, inner mandibular barbel 45–48% HL vs. 18–22), outer mandibular barbel 67–74% HL vs. 42–44), and a more narrow caudal-peduncle (caudal peduncle depth 1.3–1.6 times in its length vs. 1.1–1.3). Distribution. Only found in the Jarrahi River drainage, where it might be endemic. Remarks. Coad (1981) diagnosed this species as lacking tubercles and warts on the head and body. Fresh materials examined from the type locality well-agree with the description by Coad (1981) but these fish have many small warts (= papilla, in the original description) on the head, back and flank. Potentially the warts have been scraped off in the type materials.