Taxonomic dissection based on molecular evidence of the Eriosyce curvispina complex (Cactaceae): identifying nine endemic species from Central Chile Author Walter, Helmut E. The EXSIS Project: Cactaceae Ex-Situ & In-Situ Conservation, 31860 Emmerthal, Germany Author Cadiz-Veliz, Aron https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-1764 Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile & Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile & Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Concepcion, Chile Author Merino, Beatriz M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9518-2331 Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile & Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile Author Villalobos-Barrantes, Heidy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3657-4439 Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile & Escuela de Quimica, Universidad de Costa Rica, CP 11501 - 2060, San Jose, Costa Rica Author Guerrero, Pablo C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-1899 Departamento de Botanica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Casilla 160 C, 4030000, Concepcion, Chile & Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Concepcion, Chile & Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Concepcion, Chile pabloguerrero@udec.cl text PhytoKeys 2024 2024-01-22 237 117 139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.237.107403 1314-2003-237-117 E83187568AE656599FC7BAD367BAE328 3. Eriosyce choapensis (F.Ritter) P.C.Guerrero & Helmut Walter comb. nov. Pyrrhocactus choapensis F. F.Ritter, Succulenta (NL)12: 133. 1960. Basionym. ≡ Pyrrhocactus choapensis F.Ritter in Succulenta (Netherlands) 1960: 133. 1960 syn. sec. Tropicos ≡ Horridocactus choapensis (F.Ritter) Backeb., Cactaceae 6: 3793. 1962 syn. sec. Tropicos ≡ Neoporteria choapensis (F.Ritter) Donald & G.D.Rowley in Cact. Succ. J. Gr. Brit. 28: 55. 1966 syn. sec. Tropicos ≡ Eriosyce curvispina var. choapensis (F.Ritter) Katt., Eriosyce (Cactac.) Gen. Revis. Ampl. 1: 117. 1994 syn. sec. Kew WCVP (2019) . Type . Chile , Southern America , Coquimbo Region , Choapa , Illapel , May 1954 , F. Ritter 238 ( Holotype : ZSS 005073, Isotypes : SGO, ZSS) . Iconography. F. Ritter, Kakt. Sudam. 3, 1980. Morphological notes. Stems subglobose, dark green, often burnt brownish, 5-10 cm diameter Roots fascicular with a short thin taproot. Ribs 15-22, obtuse, deeply notched, 1.0-1.5 cm high. Areoles long-oval, 1cm, 1 cm apart. Spines are thin, acicular, grey-brown, short, 1-2 cm; radial ones 8-10, somewhat curved; central ones 4-9, somewhat thicker. Flowers funnel-form, 3.5-4.5 cm; pericarpel and hypanthium bract scales tiny, red, axils with white inconspicuous wool; nectary isodiametric; style pinkish, stigma lobes yellow; perianth segments narrow lanceolate, pale yellow with a faint purple mid-stripe. Fruits 1.5-2 cm, barrel-form, indumentum as for the flower; perianth remnant attachment area wide, basal pore large. Seeds small, 0.8-9 mm, round oval, blackish brown; testa cells arranged in ribs, medium-domed; hilum oval, positioned nearly basal, micropyle in a groove. Distribution. Endemic species occurring strictly inland, from Illapel ( 31°S , 71°W ) to Tilama ( 32°S , 71°W ) at elevations between 400 and 1200 m. Conservation status. The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of E. choapensis is estimated at <5000 km2, with its populations severely fragmented due to landscape anthropization. There has been an estimated decrease in population size and the number of localities, as well as a loss of habitat quality due to mining activities, stump removal, and livestock. We propose to classify the species as Endangered (EN) according to criteria B1ab(i,iii,iv).