Three new species of Amblyrhethus (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae, Paroecanthini) from Brazil Author Campos, Lucas Denadai de https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2922-1571 Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil lcdenadai@gmail.com Author de Mello, Francisco de Assis Ganeo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9704-5990 Instituto de Biociencias, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil text Journal of Orthoptera Research 2022 2022-08-23 31 2 121 141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.31.84135 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.31.84135 1937-2426-2-121 280146F3CB024B86A05ED9DEA53D5FC6 7B47AED867BB54ED937582690C95D352 Amblyrhethus lineatus sp. nov. (Figs 1 , 2 , 7 Material examined. - Holotype : BRAZIL • ♂ ; E[ spirito ]S[anto], Linhares , Reserva / Vale do Rio Doce. Mata ; January 1996 ; 1 19°09'10"S , 40°03'93"W; F.A.G. Mello & S.S. Nihei leg.; BOTU . Paratypes : BRAZIL • 1♂ ; same information as holotype ; MZSP • 1♂ ; BA[hia], Mucuri, / Fazenda Farol - mata (forest); January 1996 ; 18°04'01"S , 39°40'23"W ; F.A.G. Mello & S.S. Nihei leg.; BOTU. Type locality. - Brazil, Espirito Santo, Linhares municipality. Etymology. - From Latin, linea , meaning line or band. Allusive to the lateral bands of the species. Diagnosis. - This species is distinguished from other species of Amblyrhethus by the following characters: body with two distinct whitish-to-yellowish bands going laterally from eyes' margin, lateral lobes of pronotum and reaching the margin of forewing, excepting apical field; longitudinally crossed laterally by a whitish-to-yellowish band on both sides, one on each wing field angulations; front, clypeus and gena whitish to yellowish brown, clearly lighter than top of head and remaining medium brown coloration of body; antennomeres whitish with some isolated antennomeres light brown. Basitarsus dorsal spines 3/1. Male forewings: A1 connected to A2; harp crossed by three veins. Male metanotum with two rounded projections, first abdominal tergite with two lamellar projections. Description. - Head. Fastigium wide, smooth (Fig. 1C ). Three ocelli present, aligned in frontal view (Fig. 1C ); lateral ocelli rounded, median smaller than lateral ones; frons smooth (Fig. 1C ). Antennal scape longer than wide, much narrower than fastigium in frontal view. Maxillary palpi articles 4 and 5 same-sized, article 3 slightly longer; article 5 almost straight (Fig. 1B ). Thorax. Dorsal disk wider than long, with bristles on cephalic and caudal margins (Fig. 1A ). Dorsal disk cephalic margin slightly concave, caudal margin convex (Fig. 1A ). Lateral lobes ventro-cephalic and ventro-caudal angles rounded (Fig. 1B ). Forewings longer than abdomen, hindwings as long as forewings (Fig. 1A, B ). Legs. TI with tympana on both faces; three apical spurs, two ventral, one dorso-internal. TII with three apical spurs, two ventral, one dorso-internal. TIII subapical spurs 5/4, with one (sometimes two) spine between each spur, six spines above subapical spurs on inner and outer sides. FIII longer than TIII (Fig. 1B ). TIII inner apical spurs: iad>iam>iav; outer apical spurs: oam>oav>oad. Basitarsus dorsal spines 3/1; inner apical spur slightly longer than outer apical spur. Male. Forewings as long as hindwings; anal vein area slightly bulged dorsally (Fig. 1B ), A1 connected to A2. Stridulatory vein (PCu vein) present, portion close to CuPa sinuous. Harp crossed by three veins connected to CuPa; first harp vein short, second and third harp veins connected in the proximal region. Mirror as wide as long, divided in the middle by a curved vein. Apical field longer than mirror; lateral field with 14-15 diagonal veins (Fig. 1D ). Metanotum with two rounded projections, first abdominal tergite with two lamellar projections (Fig. 1E ). Supra-anal plate posterior margin rounded (Fig. 1F ); subgenital plate longer than wide, posterior margin convex (Fig. 1G ). Male genitalia : (Fig. 2 ) Pseudepiphallus: pseudepiphallic sclerite trapezoidal in dorsal and ventral views; almost straight in lateral view; anterior margin somewhat rounded on median region (Fig. 2A ). LLophi curved upwards, posterior margin rounded in dorsal and ventral views; ventral face somewhat translucent (Fig. 2A, B ). PsP longer than LLophi, inner margin divided into two lobes, not surpassing posterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 2A, B ); posterior half wider than anterior half in ventral view (Fig. 2B ). Rami straight, two times or more longer than pseudepiphallic sclerite (Fig. 2A-C ). Ectophallic invagination: EctF strongly sclerotized, cordiform, on the edge of posterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite (Fig. 2A-D ). EctAp longer than pseudepiphallic sclerite, slightly curved inwards in dorsal and ventral views (Fig. 2A, B ); arc not complete, curved posteriorly; ventral projections of ectophallic invagination as long as arc. Endophallus: End short, u-shaped, in the middle of pseudepiphallic sclerite (Fig. 2B ). Female. Unknown. Coloration. - Occiput, vertex, and pronotum general coloration reddish brown to dark brown (Fig. 1A, B ). Body crossed laterally by a whitish to yellowish band along the fore wings dorso-lateral angulation (head, lateral lobes, forewings) (Fig. 1A, B ). Occiput reddish brown to dark brown, whitish laterally (Fig. 1A, C ); face whitish to yellowish brown (Fig. 1C ); antennal scape whitish; antennomeres whitish with some isolated antenomeres medium brown (Fig. 1B ). Forewings slightly translucent, medium brown; region between M+Cua and Sc veins, white. Metanotum and abdominal tergites yellowish-brown (Fig. 1E ). Supra-anal plate medium to dark brown, posterior margin darker (Fig. 1F ). Abdominal sternites and subgenital plate light brown (Fig. 1G ). FI, FII, TI, and TII medium brown to yellowish brown. FIII reddish brown to dark brown, slightly striped, distal margin darker; TIII yellowish brown to medium brown; spurs yellow with apex medium to dark brown; tarsomeres light brown (Fig. 1B ). Table 1. Measurements in mm of Amblyrhethus lineatus sp. nov. Abbreviations: IOD , inter ocular distance; HW , head width; PL , pronotum length; PW , pronotum width (at midline); FWL , forewing length; LFIII , length of hind femur; LTIII , length of hind tibia.

-	IOD	HW	PL	PW	FWL	LFIII	LTIII
Males (n=2)	3	4.9-5	4-4.4	6.5-6.7	18-19	10.1-11	7.7-8.1

Figure 1. Amblyrhethus lineatus sp. nov., male: A . Habitus, dorsal; B . Habitus, lateral; C . Head, frontal; D . Right forewing; E . Metanotum and first abdominal tergite; F . Supra-anal plate; G . Subgenital plate. Scale bars: 5 mm ( A, B ); 1 mm ( C-G ). Abbreviations: see materials and methods. Figure 2. Amblyrhethus lineatus sp. nov., male genitalia: A . Dorsal; B . Ventral; C . Lateral; D . Posterior. Scale bar: 1 mm. Abbreviations: see material and methods.