A systematic review of Neotropical Caladomyia Säwedal (Diptera: Chironomidae) Author Trivinho-Strixino, Susana text Zootaxa 2012 3495 1 41 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.214771 2782712a-d668-47d0-b4f8-2cdb68c98697 1175-5326 214771 C1AC0E2B-2C2D-4CB6-A238-D1FCE1F7CDA Caladomyia capaopreto sp. n. ( Figs 32–41 ) Type material. Holotype : male with pupal exuviae, BRAZIL , SP, São Carlos, Represa do 29 ( 21° 56’ S , 47° 54’ W ), leg. S. T. Strixino, 12/xii/2003 (C1–06, LEIA /UFSCar). Paratypes : 1 male with pupal exuviae (C1–07, LEIA / UFSCar), 2 larvae and 1 pupal exuviae (in Hoyer) in the same slide (C1–09, LEIA /UFSCar), 2 larvae (in Hoyer) (C1–10; C1–11, LEIA /UFSCar), all as holotype . Etymology. Capão Preto is the name of the hydroelectric plant near the “Represa do 29”, where the larvae of this species were collected. Diagnostic characters. Caladomyia capaopreto sp. n. differs from all other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters. Adult male: thorax and abdomen green yellowish; AR 0.70; fore leg ratio 3.3; hypopygium with anal tergite bands of Y-type, fused part 35 µm long; anal point 33 µm long with posterior ending divided in three protrusions; bars 26 µm long; digitus 20 µm long, not reaching beyond posteromedian margin of superior volsella. Pupa: frontal apotome wrinkled, without cephalic tubercle; thorax with weak granulation close to anterior median suture; tergite III with paired bands of long spines curved outwards; tergite IV with paired bands of long spines nearly parallel; T V–VI with paired patches of short spinules. Larva : Lauterborn pedicels spirally for about ½ of their length; clypeal S3 simple. Description Male (n = 2) Dimensions. Small, length about 2.0– 2.1 mm .Wing length 1.20–1.24 mm . Coloration. Head yellow, flagellum and maxillary palp pale brown. Thorax, abdomen and legs yellow. Head. Eyes ratio 2.9–3.1. Frontal tubercles short, 6 µm long. Antennal flagellum 750–756 µm long; AR 0.70. Palpomere 2–5 lengths: 32–34, 63–66, 88–101, 165–189 µm. Temporal setae 6, uniserial. Clypeus with 11–12 setae. Thorax . Ac 7, biserial; Dc 4; Pa 1; Scts 4. Halteres with 4 setae. Wing. Width 0.36–0.38 mm . VR 1.2. Membrane macrotrichia restricted to distal portion of the wing. Legs. Front tibia with short white spur. Mid and hind tibiae with two black combs, each comb with one spur. Lengths and proportions as in Table 6 . FIGURES 27–31. Caladomyia canine sp. n. Male. 27 . Hypopygium, dorsal (left), ventral (right). Pupa. 28 . Thorax, lateral. 29. Abdominal tergites. 30. Spine patches of tergite III–VI. 31. Posterolateral comb of abdominal segment VIII. FIGURES 32–41. Caladomyia capaopreto sp. n. Male. 32. Hypopygium, dorsal (left), ventral (right). Pupa. 33. Abdominal tergites. 34. Patches of spines of tergite V and VI. 35. Posterolateral comb of abdominal segment VIII. Larva. 36. Antenna and variation of Lauterborn pedicels. 37. Clypeal setae S3. 38. Pecten epipharyngis. 39. Premandible. 40. Mandible. 41. Mentum and ventromental plate. TABLE 6. Lengths (in μm) and proportions of legs of C. capaopreto sp. n. fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR p1 595–606 244–269 875 406 331 263 263 3.58 p2 588–606 438–475 238–275 138–144 81–94 38–56 38–56 0.54–0.57 p3 587–638 550–594 406 231 200 131 131 0.68 Hypopygium ( Fig. 32 ). Anal tergite near 70 µm long, with 2 distal setae. Anal tergite bands Y-shaped; fused part about 34–37 µm long. Anal point 37 µm long, with slightly concave margins; dorso-lateral margin bearing 3 setae; posterior ending divided in three protrusions; median protrusion 6 µm long. AnPR 1.2–1.5. Anal point bars 25–28 µm long, emerging on anterior 1/3 of anal point, their tips not reaching apex of anal point; AnPBR 2.6–3.8. Superior volsella with 5 dorsal setae and 2 on anterior part of median margin. Digitus 20 µm long, not reaching beyond posteromedian corner of superior volsella. Median volsella short (6–8 µm long), with 2 lamelliform and 6 simple setae. Gonostylus 90 µm long. Hypopygium ratio 0.75. Pupa (n = 2) Dimensions. Small, abdomen length near 2.8 mm .Wing sheath 781 µm. Coloration yellow brown. Cephalothorax . Frontal setae elongate, slender, 110 µm long. Cephalic tubercle short. Thoracic horn slender and smooth. Thorax with weak granulation close to median suture. Wing sheath with distinct nose. Thoracic setation on both sides: 3 precorneals (Pc1–3) near 112 µm long, and 2 lateral antepronotals (LAps1–3). Dc 1–4 present and situated in two groups widely separated; distance between D C1– D C3 156 µm. Abdomen ( Fig. 33 ). Tergite I bare; T II with central transverse field of fine shagreen; T III–IV with paired bands of long spines; T III bands strongly curved; T IV bands in strait line; V with paired oval patches of simple spinules; T VI with paired rounded patches of multiple spinules ( Fig. 34 ); T VII bare; T VIII with fine anterior punctuation ( Fig. 33 ). Hook row continuous, occupying 1/2 width of segment II. Segment VIII with posterolateral combs consisting of 7–8 marginal and 8–10 overlapping ventral teeth ( Fig. 35 ). Anal lobe with 35–40 taeniae and 2 dorsal setae taeniae. Segments II–IV with 3 L setae; segments V–VI with 3 taeniae; segment VII with 4 taeniae; segment VIII with 5 taeniae. 4th instar larva (n = 4) Dimensions. Small, total length 2.6–3.7 mm . Head. Width 219–238 µm, length 250–288 µm; IC 0.81–0.86. Clypeal (S3) simple ( Fig. 37 ). Antenna 5- segmented ( Fig. 36 ), on prominent pedestal, 49–57 µm long; basal segment longer than flagellum, with basal ring organ and small seta in distal 1/3; segment 2 as long as segments 3–5; Lauterborn organs large, pedicels, including LO, 77–103 µm long, proximal half spirally. Pecten epipharyngis of 3 distally serrated scales ( Fig. 38 ). Premandible with 3 teeth; brush well developed ( Fig. 39 ). Mandible ( Fig. 40 ) with pale dorsal tooth; apical and two inner teeth brown. Mentum ( Fig. 41 ) with pale median tooth slightly notched laterally, 5 pairs of lateral teeth brown, decreasing in size laterally. Abdomen with anal tubules, 150 µm long, curved down. Posterior parapods with simple hooks. Remarks. The length of the anal point bars and the shape of the superior volsella are the main characteristics that differentiate the male of C. capaopreto sp. n. from other species. The patterns and distribution of spines on abdominal tergite distinguish the pupa of this species from others. The partially annullated pedicels of the Lauterborn organs resembles to the larvae of C. ortoni and of the morphotype C . sp. “Canchim2” ( Fig. 83 ), differing of the first by the absence of the apical spur on antennal pedestal and by the simple clypeal S3 and the latter by the antennal length. The larvae were collected on littoral sand sediments of a reservoir near São Carlos city.