A fifth species of the genus Euparkerella (Griffths, 1959), the advertisement calls of E. robusta Izecksohn, 1988 and E. tridactyla Izecksohn, 1988, and a key for the Euparkerella species (Anura: Brachycephaloidea: Craugastoridae) Author Hepp, Fábio Author De Carvalho-E-Silva, Sergio P. Author Telles De Carvalho-E-Silva, Ana M. P. Author Folly, Manuella text Zootaxa 2015 3973 2 251 270 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.3 a1447b72-1fe7-4d45-b24b-88a369e8d571 1175-5326 233152 F47630C2-B5D2-4F00-A147-2288D2073A1B Euparkerella robusta Advertisement call (figure 9). Seventeen calls from four individuals were analyzed in detail. The advertisement call consists of a single note comprising 5–8 long pulses ( x = 5.8 ± 0.8; Mo = 6.0; N = 17) repeated periodically ( Fig. 9 A, B). In all pulses, the attack is approximately of the same length as the decay. Pulse amplitudes are similar throughout the call; however, a second peak of amplitude occurs at the end of a pulse ( Fig. 9 C). In some calls, the amplitude and frequency are periodically modulated at the end of the pulses ( Fig. 9 D, E vs. no final modulation in Fig. 9 A, B). In modulated calls, the first pulse usually has the strongest upward sweep in frequency modulation, reaching the initial band before a second downward phase. Call Duration ranges from 1.290– 2.224 s ( x = 1.659 ± 0.237; N = 17). There are as many as eight visible harmonics in the call. The Dominant Frequency corresponds to the fundamental one and ranges from 2906.2–3187.5 Hz ( x = 3033.1 ± 95.3; Mo = 3000.0; N = 17). The Pulse Periods decrease slightly throughout the call, and range from 0.261– 0.498 s ( x = 0.367 ± 0.065; N = 17) for the first period and 0.289– 0.355 s ( x = 0.310 ± 0.019; Mo = 0.289; N = 17) for the last period. The Pulse Rate ranges from 3.0–3.9 pulses per second ( x = 3.5 ± 0.2; N = 17). The Pulse Durations are long, ranging from 0.043– 0.116 s ( x = 0.077 ± 0.011; Mo = 0.073; N = 99). There is no cryptic pulse. Comparisons with the other species. Acoustically, Euparkerella robusta differs from E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae by having fewer pulses ( 5–8 in E. robusta vs. 9–20 in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae ); longer Pulse Durations (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 2–10 ms in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae ); longer Call Duration (1.3– 2.2 s in E. robusta vs. 0.4–0.6 in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae ); and slower Pulse Rate (3–4 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 16–45 pulses/s in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae ). It differs from E. cryptica in having a shorter call duration (1.3– 2.2 s in E. robusta vs. 3.4– 6.2 s in E. cryptica ); absence of pulse clusters ( vs. presence in E. cryptica ); longer pulses (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 3–11 ms in E. cryptica ); and faster repetition rate (3.0–3.9 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 1.2–1.9 pulse sections/s in E. cryptica ). It differs from E. tridactyla by presenting fewer pulses ( 5–8 in E. robusta vs. 27–34 in E. tridactyla ); longer Pulse Durations (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 1–10 ms in E. tridactyla ); and slower pulse rate (3 or 4 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 19–23 pulses/s in E. tridactyla ).