Reclassification of Parapterulicium Corner (Pterulaceae, Agaricales), contributions to Lachnocladiaceae and Peniophoraceae (Russulales) and introduction of Baltazaria gen. nov. Author Leal-Dutra, Caio A. Author Neves, Maria Alice Author Griffith, Gareth W. Author Reck, Mateus A. Author Clasen, Lina A. Author Dentinger, Bryn T. M. text MycoKeys 2018 37 39 56 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.37.26303 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.37.26303 1314-4049-37-39 Parapterulicium subarbusculum Corner, Ann. Bot., 16: 288 (1952) Fig. 2 Description. Basidiomes coralloid/filiform, up to 35 mm high, branched, erect, monoaxial with adventitious branches, yellow (10YR 8/6), solitary or gregarious. Stipe up to 13 x 0.3-0.7 mm, glabrous, concolorous with the rest of the basidiomes, attached to a small resupinate base up to 3 mm wide. Branches up to 1.3 x 0.2 mm, tapering upwards, rarely with branchlets. Habitat: On dead twigs, petioles, leaves or seeds in the forest. Hyphal system dimitic. Generative hyphae up to 7 μm wide thin-walled, without clamps. Skeletal hyphae 2-7 μm wide, thick-walled (up to 1.3 μm ), rarely branched. Abundant dextrinoid dichophyses, up to 30 μm wide, slightly thick-walled (0.5-1 μm ), branching with filiform ends, tips less than 0.5 μm wide. Resupinate patch not well-developed in the studied material but with abundant dichophyses. Basidia not observed. Gloeocystidia up to 65 μm long, clavate to lanceolate/subulate, thin-walled, with numerous internal droplets, IKI-. Basidiospores (12 -)13.4-16.8(- 17) x 3-3.5 μm (n = 19), hyaline, smooth, elongate, subfusiform, apex obtuse, base acute with small apiculus (0.3 μm ), thin-walled and slightly amyloid, scarce in all the collected samples. Specimens examined. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca, close to Casa do Pesquisador, growing on the ground in rainforest litter, 24-25 Nov 2014, C.A. Leal-Dutra 108, 109, 117,118, 119, 120, 121, 122 (topotypes designated here: RB 639457, RB 639458, RB 639462, RB 639463, FLOR 56456, FLOR 56457, FLOR 56458, FLOR 0056459). Distribution. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro ( Corner 1952a , Type) Notes. This species is recognised in the field by its characteristic resupinate disc at the base of the stipe (Fig. 2b, c). Corner (1952a) described P. subarbusculum from a single specimen collected in November 1948 on Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro and, based on its coralloid habit and dimitic hyphal system, placed the genus in Pterulaceae . The presence of gloeocystidia, slightly amyloid spores and dextrinoid dichophyses corroborates its placement in Russulales . It appears to be relatively common, though apparently overlooked. Figure 2. Parapterulicium subarbusculum : a-c basidiomes in the field. The detail in c shows the developing corticioid patch d basidiospores e dichophyses f gloeocystidia g, hSEM images of dichophyses; i. SEM images of basidiome surface with abundant dichophyses. Scale bars: a-c = 1 cm; d-f , i = 10 μm ; g, h = 5 μm .