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<mods:title>New species and new records of exotic Scolytinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Marchioro, Matteo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Faccoli, Massimo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Dal Cortivo, Marialuisa</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:16967F93ABE2171025155845B04D23AF" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.703964" longitude="-9.184431" municipality="Taxon" name="Event" stateProvince="Lisbon">Event</location>
:
</emphasis>
eventDate: 
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="2019-08-16">2019-08-16</collectingDate>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Record Level:</emphasis>
collectionID: EDUP 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-16" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" determinerName="Massimo Faccoli" latitude="38.70448" location="Xylosandrus" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lisbon" typeStatus="Other material">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Type status:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-16" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" determinerName="Massimo Faccoli" latitude="38.70448" location="Xylosandrus" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lisbon" typeStatus="Other material">
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Other material</typeStatus>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<collectingCounty>Occurrence</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
individualCount: 
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
; sex: 
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">female</specimenType>
; lifeStage: 
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">adult</specimenType>
; occurrenceID: 
<uuid>34666E9D-E862-55AB-B1D7-47492880CBC1</uuid>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<collectingMunicipality>Taxon</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
scientificName: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:7DD61DB389516A13ECE0E24A74BB5D38" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Xylosandrus" stateProvince="Lisbon">Xylosandrus</location>
germanus (Blandford, 1894); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:F2BCBB191057DAD640FF81271D6DAA9A" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Location" stateProvince="Lisbon">Location</location>
:
</emphasis>
continent: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:A1C63B498FCFB919EC2000D4453DF6C7" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Europe" stateProvince="Lisbon">Europe</location>
; country: 
<collectingCountry name="Portugal" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Portugal</collectingCountry>
; countryCode: PT; county: 
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Lisboa">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
; municipality: 
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Lisboa">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
metropolitan area; decimalLatitude: 
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="38.704480">38.704480</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude: 
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="-9.162623">-9.162623</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:57F75C7D05CEB96E3A119B67A0EFBA72" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Identification" stateProvince="Lisbon">Identification</location>
:
</emphasis>
identifiedBy: 
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:0696AC78BB1EFBE6B1A20DF9CEFD2FFA" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Massimo Faccoli" stateProvince="Lisbon">Massimo Faccoli</location>
</determinerName>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:5EB69EB2DBB7E5851BEBBB4217965715" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.70448" longitude="-9.162623" municipality="Taxon" name="Event" stateProvince="Lisbon">Event</location>
:
</emphasis>
eventDate: 
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="2019-08-16">2019-08-16</collectingDate>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Record Level:</emphasis>
collectionID: EDUP 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-09-30" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" determinerName="Massimo Faccoli" latitude="38.711845" location="Xylosandrus" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lisbon" typeStatus="Other material">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Type status:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-09-30" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" determinerName="Massimo Faccoli" latitude="38.711845" location="Xylosandrus" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lisbon" typeStatus="Other material">
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Other material</typeStatus>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<collectingCounty>Occurrence</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
individualCount: 
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
; sex: 
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">female</specimenType>
; lifeStage: 
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">adult</specimenType>
; occurrenceID: 
<uuid>619CA317-0C4C-5553-B77A-45C4F3B9E116</uuid>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<collectingMunicipality>Taxon</collectingMunicipality>
:
</emphasis>
scientificName: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:CCFE5F3616657519F07D46964096AD38" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Xylosandrus" stateProvince="Lisbon">Xylosandrus</location>
germanus (Blandford, 1894); 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:0A9086F9616DEEA8BBA89E210AEE505D" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Location" stateProvince="Lisbon">Location</location>
:
</emphasis>
continent: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:B597CA24FE6E5E71DDB3B2E5A3BBD8BC" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Europe" stateProvince="Lisbon">Europe</location>
; country: 
<collectingCountry name="Portugal" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Portugal</collectingCountry>
; countryCode: PT; county: 
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Lisboa">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
; municipality: 
<collectingRegion country="Portugal" name="Lisboa">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
metropolitan area; decimalLatitude: 
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="38.711845">38.711845</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude: 
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="-9.185894">-9.185894</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:8761622AC9991E947F220959D43138BC" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Identification" stateProvince="Lisbon">Identification</location>
:
</emphasis>
identifiedBy: 
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:22DD1394F5CA4C81DE00BE6F5ACC2193" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Massimo Faccoli" stateProvince="Lisbon">Massimo Faccoli</location>
</determinerName>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1E4CAE17769F5450BC1CB5703D1CD2FB:3CD4C7E02D7CBD9011D937CA7581D401" country="Portugal" county="Occurrence" latitude="38.711845" longitude="-9.185894" municipality="Taxon" name="Event" stateProvince="Lisbon">Event</location>
:
</emphasis>
eventDate: 
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" value="2019-09-30">2019-09-30</collectingDate>
; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Record Level:</emphasis>
collectionID: EDUP
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
Species native of the Oriental Region and Eastern Palearctic (
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, Sarah M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination="1 - 442" refId="B8065511" refString="Smith, Sarah M, Beaver, Roger A, Cognato, Anthony I, 2020. A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China. ZooKeys 983: 1 - 442" title="A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China." volume="983" year="2020">Smith et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
), introduced and widely established in Europe and North America (
<bibRefCitation author="Galko, Juraj" journalOrPublisher="Forests" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination=": 10" refId="B8064379" refString="Galko, Juraj, Dzurenko, Marek, Ranger, Christopher, Kulfan, Jan, Kula, Emanuel, Nikolov, Christo, Zubrik, Milan, Zach, Peter, 2018. Distribution, habitat preference, and management of the invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European forests with an emphasis on the West Carpathians. Forests 10 (1): 10" title="Distribution, habitat preference, and management of the invasive ambrosia beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European forests with an emphasis on the West Carpathians" volume="10" year="2018">Galko et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Gomez, Demian F." journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination="19 - 68" refId="B8065445" refString="Gomez, Demian F., Rabaglia, Robert J., Fairbanks, Katherine E. O., Hulcr, Jiri, 2018. North American Xyleborini north of Mexico: a review and key to genera and species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae). ZooKeys 768: 19 - 68" title="North American Xyleborini north of Mexico: a review and key to genera and species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" volume="768" year="2018">Gomez et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The data provided here represent the first record of the species in Portugal (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8142538" captionText="Figure 8. Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894), female specimen (2.20 mm) from Belluno (Veneto, Italy); lateral view (top), dorsal habitus (bottom) (photocredit: Reparto Carabinieri Biodiversita Belluno)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.10.e93995.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/742704" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">8</figureCitation>
). This represents the westernmost location in Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
All specimens were collected using black multi-funnel traps set up at 5 m above the ground and baited with a multi-lure blend of longhorn beetle pheromones (
<bibRefCitation author="Fan, Jian-ting" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Pest Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination="281 - 297" refId="B8064357" refString="Fan, Jian-ting, Denux, Olivier, Courtin, Claudine, Bernard, Alexis, Javal, Marion, Millar, Jocelyn G., Hanks, Lawrence M., Roques, Alain, 2019. Multi-component blends for trapping native and exotic longhorn beetles at potential points-of-entry and in forests. Journal of Pest Science 92 (1): 281 - 297" title="Multi-component blends for trapping native and exotic longhorn beetles at potential points-of-entry and in forests" volume="92" year="2019">Fan et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
), ethanol and alpha-pinene.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" type="hosts">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">Hosts</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93995">
Extremely polyphagous species, with hundreds of host plants recorded. The most represented families are: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
(11 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
(17 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
(7 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
(26 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
(9 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
(18 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
(20 species), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
(15 species) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
(7 species) (
<bibRefCitation author="Murayama, J." journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Shikoku Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination="144 - 166" refId="B8066644" refString="Murayama, J., 1953. The insect fauna of Mt. Ishizuchi and Omogo Valley, Iyo, Japan. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera). Transactions of the Shikoku Entomological Society 3: 144 - 166" title="The insect fauna of Mt. Ishizuchi and Omogo Valley, Iyo, Japan. The Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera)." volume="3" year="1953">Murayama 1953</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Weber, B. C." journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists' Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination="114 - 134" refId="B8066653" refString="Weber, B. C., McPherson, J. E., 1983. World list of host plants of Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The Coleopterists' Bulletin 37 (2): 114 - 134" title="World list of host plants of Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)" volume="37" year="1983">Weber and McPherson 1983</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Dole, S. A." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="93995" pagination=": 451 - 545" refId="B8066662" refString="Dole, S. A., Cognato, A. I., 2010. Phylogenetic revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 61 (7): 451-545" title="Phylogenetic revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborina)" volume="61" year="2010">Dole and Cognato 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>