The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean) Author Madeira, Patrícia Author Kroh, Andreas Author Cordeiro, Ricardo Author De, António M. Author Martins, Frias Author Ávila, Sérgio P. text Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-19 4639 1 1 231 journal article 26164 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1 812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12 1175-5326 PMC6910866 31712455 3342161 B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745 Erroneous— Astropecten irregularis pentacanthus ( Delle Chiaje, 1827 ) Reports for the Azores : non Astropecten pentacanthus ( Philippi, 1837 ) — Simroth 1888: 231 [misidentified A . hermatophilus ]; Astropecten irregularis pentacanthus ( Delle Chiaje, 1827 ) — Koehler 1914b: 273 , 1924: 196–199 [based on Simroth 1888 ]; Madsen 1950: 169–170 [based on Ludwig 1897 ]. Type locality: Mediterranean Sea. See: Tortonese (1965: 132–137) . Occurrence: Endemic to the Mediterranean Sea (A.M. Clark & Downey 1992 ); possibly also present in the East Atlantic (Gorringe Seamount and Madeira; Zulliger & Lessios 2010 ; Pérès 1964 ); other subspecies of are also known in the Atlantic from Scandinavia to South Africa (A.M. Clark & Downey 1992 ). Depth: shallow water to 929 m , particularly abundant between 50 to 400 m ( Tortonese 1965 ). Habitat: soft sediments, on biogenic detritus to sandy silt bottoms, and Zostera and Posidonia prairies ( Koukouras et al. 2007 ). Larval stage: planktotrophic (inferred from A. irregularis irregularis , see McEdward & Miner 2001 ). Remarks: Simroth (1888) was responsible for the only record of Astropecten pentacanthus known from the Azores . Later, D̂derlein (1917) re-assigned Simroth material to A . hermatophilus , the only Astropecten species known to occur in the Azores with certainty (see remarks under Astropecten hermatophilus ).