Examination of the generic concept and species boundaries of the genus Erioscyphella (Lachnaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota) with the proposal of new species and new combinations based on the Japanese materials
Author
Tochihara, Yukito
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6535-2259
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7 - 3 - 1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 - 0033, Japan & Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan
tochi@kahaku.go.jp
Author
Hosoya, Tsuyoshi
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-5677
Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan
text
MycoKeys
2022
2022-02-08
87
1
52
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.87.73082
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.87.73082
1314-4049-87-1
54800EB1FB115E7588F6828533F9D17E
Erioscyphella papillaris Tochihara
sp. nov.
Figs 11
, 12
Diagnosis.
Characterized by protruding papillary hairs with hyaline apical amorphous materials.
Holotype.
Japan, Gunma, Minakami, Yubiso, Mt. Tanigawadake,
36.064014
,
141.344653
, ca 710 m, 16 Jul. 2017, on both sides of a fallen leaf of bamboo, Y.Tochihara (TNS-F-81272).
GenBank/UNITE no. ex holotype.
LC669473/UDB0779085 (ITS), LC533161 (LSU), LC533285 (mtSSU), LC533204 (RPB2).
Etymology.
Referring to papillate hair apices.
Japanese name.
Sasaba-hina-no-chawantake.
Description.
Apothecia gregarious, superficial, minute, 0.1-0.3 mm in diameter, short-stipitate, up to 0.25 mm high, externally densely covered with pure white short hairs. Disc concave, white to lemon yellow when fresh and dry. Ectal excipulum
textura prismatica
composed of cuboid cells, 3-13
x
2.5-7
µm
, hyaline, thin-walled, lacking carotenoid pigments; cell walls smooth. Medullary excipulum
textura intricata
of hyaline hyphae up to 3
µm
wide. Hairs straight, cylindrical, 45-75
x
3-5
µm
, 2-3-septate, hyaline, totally granulate, thin-walled, arising from swollen cells; apical cells rather longer than other cells, 30-40
µm
long, with papillate at the apex, sometimes swelling, equipped with hyaline and globose apical amorphous materials not dissolved with CB/LA, lacking any crystals or resinous matters. Asci (59-)59.8-66(-69)
x
(7.5-)7.6-8.3(-9)
µm
(av. 63
+/-
2.9
x
8.0
+/-
0.4
µm
, n = 16), 8-spored, cylindrical-clavate; pore inamyloid with MLZ without 3% KOH pretreatment, faint blue with MLZ with 3% KOH pretreatment, dark blue with IKI with and without KOH pretreatment; vesicle apparatus inverted-v-shaped present near the apices; croziers absent at the basal septa; base sympodially branched. Ascospores (16-)17.5-21.7(-24)
x
(2-)2.3-2.8(-3)
µm
(av. 20
+/-
2.1
x
2.6
+/-
0.3
µm
, n = 20), Q = (6.4-)6.8-8.9(-9.8) (av. 7.8
+/-
1.0, n = 20), fusiform, aseptate, or one-septate (rarely two-septate), filled with hyaline oil drops. Paraphyses straight, cylindrical, up to 3
µm
wide, septate, containing small hyaline lipid bodies, equal or scarcely exceeding the asci.
Culture characteristics.
Colony of NBRC 113937/ TNS-F-81272 on PDA divided into two semicircular zones. The first zone umbonate, pruinose, white, producing white aerial mycelia densely, presenting wooly appearance; margin distinct, entire, flat. The second zone flat, glutinous, white to beige with concentric patterns, producing few aerial mycelia; margin entire, flat and immersed into agar, irregularly undulate. The reverse uniform unrelated to the zoning position, beige to pale dark brown throughout. Soluble pigment and asexual morph absent throughout the colony.
Distribution.
Japan (Mt. Tanigawa). Currently known only from the type locality.
Notes.
This species is similar to
Lachnum sclerotii var. microascum
in the dimension and shape of asci and ascospores, habitats, and inconspicuous ascus apex reaction in MLZ (
Zhuang 2004
). However,
E. papillaris
has ascospores containing conspicuous guttules in any mount (Fig.
11G
) and filiform paraphyses rarely exceeding the asci (Fig.
11F
, Fig.
12D
, and Fig.
12G
), whereas
L. sclerotii var. microascum
has non-guttulate asci and narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate paraphyses exceeding the asci by 15-18
µm
(
Zhuang 2004
). Although DNA sequences of
L. sclerotii var. microascum
are not available, we judged the present fungus as different from it, because the presence or absence of guttules in ascospores is a significant taxonomic character at the species level (
Baral 2015
).
Figure 11.
Erioscyphella papillaris
TNS-F-81272 (Holotype)
A
dried apothecia
B
pure culture on PDA (NBRC 113937)
C
Ascus arising from ascogenous hyphae
D
an ascus
E
ascal pore iodine reactions
E1
MLZ (-) without 3% KOH pretreatment
E2
MLZ (-) with 3% KOH pretreatment
E3
IKI (+) without 3% KOH pretreatment
F
paraphysis
G
ascospores with guttules
H
ectal excipulum
I
hair-apex with a apical amorphous material
J
hairs. Mounted in CB/LA (
C, D, F-J
), MLZ (
E1, E2
), IKI (
E3
). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
A
); 10
µm
(
C-J
).
Papillate hairs are also shown in the line drawings of
Lachnum gahniae
Spooner (
Spooner 1987
), suggesting the relationship of the present fungus to Australasian species. However,
L. gahniae
can be distinguished by having longer hairs, occurring on different substrates (leaves of
Cyperaceae
) and showing different ascal-iodine reactions (MLZ+) (
Spooner 1987
), although DNA sequences of
L. gahnia
are not available.
Figure 12.
Erioscyphella papillaris
TNS-F-81272 (Holotype)
A
apothecium
B
vertical section of an apothecium
C
ascospores
D
expansion of an vertical section of an apothecium
E
ectal excipular cells
F
asci
G
paraphyses
H
hairs with cap-like structures.