Review of Mesozoic Perissommatidae (Insecta: Diptera)
Author
Lukashevich, Elena D.
Author
Blagoderov, Vladimir A.
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-01-08
4718
4
481
496
journal article
24411
10.11646/zootaxa.4718.4.3
c3fec010-6e0c-41e3-aece-3c6caccc951a
1175-5326
3602674
32C51811-97BA-40E4-B503-F25F8C4CF98A
Collessomma
gen. nov.
(
Figures 2–6
)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
E4
CEAD
3D-3FA8-4B7A-B54F-E661FEFB6995
Type
species
Collessomma sibirica
sp. nov.
Etymology.
The generic epithet refers to Donald Henry (Don) Colless, an outstanding expert on Australian
Diptera
, who established the family
Perissommatidae
, and to the Greek term
omma
—eye. The name is feminine.
Diagnosis.
Eyes in male holoptic, with facets of different size, veins with macrotrichia, dense on radial ones except for R
5
, discal cell elongate, 1/4 wing length, CuP ending at level
m-cu
, anal lobe present.
Description.
Antenna moniliform, rather short and stout, with 11 segments, flagellum not clearly differentiated, segments 2 and 3 (pedicel and first flagellomere) enlarged, all segments with fine setae only (
Figs 2C
,
5A, B, F
). Ocelli probably absent. Eyes in male holoptic, with facets of different size, without disconnected zone (
Figs 2C, D, F
;
5A, B
); in female dichopic, with facets of the same size (
Fig. 6B
). Mouthparts very short (
Figs 2D
,
5A
). Mesonotum arched anterodorsally, scutellum separated from postscutum by distinct suture, metanotum very large (
Figs 2A
,
3A
,
5H
). Legs slender, with small tibial spurs, femur slightly expanded, first tarsomere longest, forth tarsomere shortest, empodium and pulvilli well-developed, narrow; pubescence of empodium and pulvilli invisible (
Figs 3A, B
,
4B
,
5C
). Wing relatively broad, longer than abdomen, with anal lobe but without alula, with numerous macrotrichia on pterostigma and on veins, denser on radial veins (
Figs 2A, E
,
3A, C
,
4F
,
5D, H
,
6A, C
). R
1
apex expanded; fork R
3+4
forms relatively acute angle, about 45°; crossvein
r-m
proximal to
im
and distal to
m-cu
; discal cell elongate, 1/4 wing length, CuP ending at level
m-cu
(
Figs 2A, E
,
3A, C
,
4A, D, F
,
5H
,
6C
). Male hypopygium narrower than VIII abdominal segment and relatively simple, not rotated, gonocoxites elongate and massive, gonostyli simple, stout; ninth tergite prominent (
Figs 2B
,
4C, E
,
5D, E
). Female terminalia with large, prominent bilobed eighth sternite, cerci prominent, well chitinized but not horny, and with numerous setae; three sclerotized spermathecae (
Figs 4G
,
5G
,
6A
).
Species included.
Besides
type
species,
C. gnoma
gen. et sp. nov.
from the same locality and
C. mongolica
gen. et sp. nov.
from Lower Cretaceous of
Mongolia
, described below.
Remarks.
Characters typical of the family are observed in the wing venation of the new genus: the costal vein extends along the entire wing, strongly thickened at the anterior and distal margins, weak but distinct along the posterior margin; the peculiar position of the pterostigma between R
1
and R
3
; a forked anterior branch of Rs, R
3+4
combined with a simple posterior branch R
5
;
r–m
connects R
5
and M
1+2
; M stem very weak, fold-like, M
1+2
is forked, М
3+4
is simple;
m–cu
is positioned in the proximal part of the wing; CuP is distally reduced (
Figs 2A, E
,
3A, C
,
4A
,
5H
,
6C
). As all members of subfamily
Perissommatinae
Collessomma
gen. nov.
has short Sc not ending at C, short R
1
(about half of the wing length); R
3
distally closer to R
4
than to R
1
;
r-m
in proximal half of wing and
m–cu
ending on M
3+4
(
Figs 3A
,
4A
).
Tibial spurs are found in the new genus but they are unknown in the
type
genus
Perissomma
. In extant
Perissommatidae
“V-shaped suture of the tipuloid
type
” present, in the new genus transverse suture on scutum present with certainty, but its shape is unclear. However, some other familial characters (coinciding with that of
Perissomma
) are observed in body structures: antenna moniliform, with 11 segments, flagellum not clearly differentiated, pedicel and first flagellomere enlarged (
Fig. 5B
), thorax with large metanotum; halters long-stemmed; legs with well-developed empodium and pulvilli (
Figs 3A, B
,
4B
); well-developed eighth abdominal segment; male hypopygium narrower than VIII abdominal segment and relatively simple, ninth tergite prominent (
Figs 2A, B
,
4C
).