Revision of Piromis Kinberg, 1867 and Pycnoderma Grube, 1877 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae)
Author
Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
text
Zootaxa
2011
2819
1
50
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.277211
02822034-b581-4195-a509-5ee435369d0e
1175-5326
277211
Pycnoderma dannyi
n. sp.
Figure 14
Stylarioides congoense
:
Fauvel, 1939
:17
–18 (
partim
);
Kirkegaard, 1959
:39
–40 (
partim
).
Type
material. Tropical Eastern Atlantic Ocean.
Holotype
(ZMUC-1782), off Port
Marshall
,
Liberia
, R/V
Atlantide
Sta. CII-1 (
53 in
publication),
12 m
,
7 Jan. 1946
, J.B. Kirkegaard, coll. One
paratype
(ZMUC-1783),
Guinea
Bay, off Northwestern
Angola
, R/V
Galathea
, Sta.
86 (06°19.3ʹ S, 12°06.5ʹ E),
40 m
,
8 Dec. 1950
.
Additional material.
One specimen (
IRFA
), off Kipundji,
Congo
,
25 m
,
26 Aug. 1965
, A. Crosnier, coll. (mature female, anterior fragment, broken into two pieces, fixed in alcohol, some parapodia previously removed; chaetigers 2–6 very long, pale, chaetigers 4–5 with anterior margin projected over the previous segment; 3–4 irregular rows of elongate capitate papillae per segment).
Description.
Holotype
incomplete, broken into two fragments; body mostly pale-brown, chaetigers 1–6 pale yellow. Body cylindrical (
Fig. 14
A), slightly tapering posteriorly; tunic papillated, free from sediment cover. Papillae reduced in first few chaetigers (
Fig. 14
B–D); most of body with long, capitates papillae, arranged in 3–4 bands per segment (
Fig. 14
E).
Holotype
54 mm
long,
5 mm
wide, cephalic cage
4 mm
long, 70 chaetigers.
Anterior end not exposed; not dissected to avoid damage. Cephalic cage chaetae as long as 4/5 body width. Chaetiger 1 involved in the cephalic cage; chaetiger 2 with chaetae longer than following chaetigers, but not contributing to cage; chaetiger 1 with chaetae arranged in short dorsolateral row, neurochaetal lobe almost fused to notochaetal lobe; about 12 notochaetae and eight neurochaetae per bundle.
Anterior dorsal margin of chaetiger 1 finely papillated, not projecting anteriorly (
Fig. 14
B, D). Chaetigers 1–6 mostly smooth, without long papillae; two tiny papillae in transverse depressions slightly ahead of, and behind notopodial lobes. Chaetigers 1–3 becoming progressively longer up to chaetiger 6; chaetiger 7 shortest, then following segments of similar length, wider than long, more papillose. Chaetal transition from cephalic cage to body chaetae abrupt; neurohooks start in chaetiger 8. Gonopodial lobes not seen (
Fig. 14
C).
Parapodia well developed, lateral (
Fig. 14
E, F); median neuropodia ventrolateral. Notopodia low, rounded lobes without suprachaetal papillae; infrachaetal papillae very long, capitate,
4–6 in
a row, directed ventrally (
6–8 in
posterior chaetigers). Neuropodia low, rounded lobes with 4–5 slightly smaller suprachaetal papillae (
2–4 in
posterior chaetigers), and 3–4 infrachaetal papillae (
1–2 in
posterior chaetigers), smaller than the superior ones.
FIGURE 14
.
Pycnoderma dannyi
n. sp.
A. Paratype (ZMUC 1783), without posterior region, twisted. B. Holotype (ZMUC 1782), anterior end, dorsal view. C. Same, anterior end, ventral view. D. Non-type specimen (IRFA), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Holotype, median chaetiger, cross section. F. Non-type specimen, posterior chaetiger. G. Same, notochaetae. H. Same, neurochaetae (insert: chaetal tips). Scale bars: A–C, E: 1 mm, D: 2.5 mm, F: 360 µm, G: 200 µm, H. 225 µm.
Median notochaetae long, arranged in short transverse row, 6–8 notochaetae per bundle, as long as 1/2 body width; notochaetae of chaetigers 1–6 multiarticulated capillaries, articles short medially, shorter distally; other notochaetae multiarticulated capillaries with long articles basally and medially, distally hyaline, articles short along large chaetal proportion (
Fig. 14
G). Neurochaetae multiarticulated capillaries in chaetigers 1–6; falcate neurohooks from chaetiger 7, arranged in transverse row, anterior chaetigers with five per fascicle, up to seven in posterior chaetigers. Neurohooks brown, oligo-articulate, aristate, most eroded or broken distally (
Fig. 14
H); articles short basally, become longer medially, distally very long.
Posterior end unknown.
Etymology.
This species is named after Danny Eibye-Jacobsen for his many contributions to polychaete systematics, and especially because of his interest in promoting the study of polychaetes in his country and abroad. The latter has resulted in being involved as editor and author of an impressive contribution to our knowledge of Northeastern Indian Ocean polychaetes.
Type
locality.
off Port
Marshall
,
Liberia
,
12 m
depth.
Variation.
The
paratype
is an anterior fragment,
35.5 mm
long,
1.5 mm
wide, cephalic cage
3 mm
long, 43 chaetigers; first neurohooks from chaetiger 7.
Remarks.
Pycnoderma dannyi
n. sp.
is closely allied to
P. congoense
; the two species differ because
P. dannyi
n. sp.
has longer anterior chaetigers, an earlier start of the neurohooks, and fewer rows of large, capitate papillae along the body.
Fauvel (1939)
noticed some differences between his specimen and the published accounts of
P. congoense
, especially concerning the
type
of neurochaetae; he found some neurohooks in his specimen. Further, he noticed that the neurohooks began on chaetiger 7, and that there were larger papillae associated with the chaetal bundles. These observations were confirmed by
Kirkegaard (1959)
. Consequently, their materials are herein regarded as a distinct species, and these features are regarded as diagnostic for
P. dannyi
.
Distribution.
Western Tropical Africa, from
Gambia
to Northwestern
Angola
, in shallow water (
12–40 m
).