One new genus and three new species of the Penenirmus-complex (Phthiraptera Ischnocera) from China, with resurrection of Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947 Author Gustafsson, Daniel R. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 105 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China. Author Adam, Costică “ Grigore Antipa ” National Museum of Natural History, Sos. Kiseleff no. 1, 011341 Bucharest, Romania. Author Zou, Fasheng 0000-0002-8913-5651 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 105 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China. & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8913 - 5651 text Zootaxa 2022 2022-01-07 5087 3 401 426 journal article 2768 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.3.1 71bd0140-d33c-4d83-a7b3-65b7d0b50b2e 1175-5326 5826892 0CE51AC4-E75F-43DE-B9F5-56247B75F394 Penenirmus -complex Included genera Penenirmus Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 Penenirmus Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938a: 73 . Alaudinirmus Złotorzycka, 1964: 273 . Panurinirmus Złotorzycka, 1964: 270 . Paranirmus Złotorzycka, 1964: 275 . Pleurinirmus Złotorzycka, 1964: 275 . Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947 Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947: 265 . Laimoloima new genus Turnicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938 Turnicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938b: 278 . [1] [1] Included based on the phylogeny in Johnson et al . (2021 : fig. 1). Remarks. No clear definition of the Penenirmus -complex has been published, but Mey (1992) suggested that the absence of the head seta pos is a good synapomorphy for Penenirmus + Picophilopterus . This seta appears to be present in Penenirmus rafflesi Dalgleish, 1967 [now in Laimoloima ] and pos is also absent in the distantly related Acronirmus Eichler, 1953b ( Gustafsson & Bush 2017 ). Therefore, it is not a good character to group Penenirmus with Picophilopterus . The structure of the male genitalia is perhaps a better character to define this complex, but a thorough redescription of Turnicola is needed before useful morphological characters which would link Turnicola , Penenirmus , Picophilopterus and Laimoloima can be identified.